scholarly journals A Methodology for Assessment of Wind Turbine Noise Generation

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Kelley ◽  
R. R. Hemphill ◽  
H. E. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Joint Probability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Large Wind

The detailed analysis of a series of acoustic measurements taken near several large wind turbines (100 kW and above) has identified the maximum acoustic energy as being concentrated in the low-frequency audible and subaudible ranges, usually less than 100 Hz. These measurements have also shown any reported community annoyance associated with turbine operations has often been related to the degree of coherent impulsiveness present and the subsequent harmonic coupling of acoustic energy to residential structures. Thus, one technique to assess the annoyance potential of a given wind turbine design is to develop a method which quantifies this degree of impulsiveness or coherency in the radiated acoustic energy spectrum under a wide range of operating conditions. Experience has also shown the presence of annoying conditions is highly time dependent and nonstationary, and, therefore, any attempts to quantify or at least classify wind turbine designs in terms of their noise annoyance potential must be handled within the proper probabilistic framework. A technique is described which employs multidimensional, joint probability analysis to establish the expected coincidence of acoustic energy levels in a contiguous sequence of octave frequency bands which have been chosen because of their relationship to common structural resonant frequencies in residential buildings. Evidence is presented to justify the choice of these particular bands. Comparisons of the acoustic performance and an estimate of the annoyance potential of several large wind turbine designs using this technique is also discussed.

scholarly journals Multibody dynamic modelling of a direct wind turbine drive train

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-547
Author(s):  
Saeed Asadi ◽  
Håkan Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive Train ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Main Bearing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Turbine Drive

Wind turbines normally have a long operational lifetime and experience a wide range of operating conditions. A representative set of these conditions is considered as part of a design process, as codified in standards. However, operational experience shows that failures occur more frequently than expected, the costlier of these including failures in the main bearings and gearbox. As modern turbines are equipped with sophisticated online systems, an important task is to evaluate the drive train dynamics from online measurement data. In particular, internal forces leading to fatigue can only be determined indirectly from other locations’ sensors. In this contribution, a direct wind turbine drive train is modelled using the floating frame of reference formulation for a flexible multibody dynamics system. The purpose is to evaluate drive train response based on blade root forces and bedplate motions. The dynamic response is evaluated in terms of main shaft deformation and main bearing forces under different wind conditions. The model was found to correspond well to a commercial wind turbine system simulation software (ViDyn).

Structural design and analysis of large wind turbine blade

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (14n15) ◽  
pp. 1940032
Author(s):  
Sung-Youl Bae ◽  
Yun-Hae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Design Specifications ◽  
Large Wind

This paper presents a new design procedure for large wind turbine blades, which can be used in various case studies. The structural design of 2MW CFRP blade was performed using a verified 2MW GFRP blade model. The structural integrity assessment of the CFRP model demonstrated that the design criteria for tip deformation, buckling failure, and laminate failure in normal wind turbine operating conditions were met. The existing aero-elastic analysis code was not used to estimate the blade load, but the blade’s surface pressure was calculated using CFD. The conventional load analysis code necessitates the establishment of a turbine system and the input of structural characteristics with changes in the structural design specifications. However, when CFD was used to estimate the load, the turbine system was not required and the structure was evaluated against various design cases, making this a useful approach in preliminary design. This new structural design and evaluation procedure for wind blades can be used to review diverse design specifications in the initial design stage.

scholarly journals Robust state feedback controller design of STATCOM using chaotic optimization algorithm

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Safari ◽  
Hossein Shayeghi ◽  
Ali Heidar
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
State Feedback ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Feedback Controller ◽  
Static Synchronous Compensator ◽  
State Feedback Controller ◽  
Wide Range

In this paper, a new design technique for the design of robust state feedback controller for static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) using Chaotic Optimization Algorithm (COA) is presented. The design is formulated as an optimization problem which is solved by the COA. Since chaotic planning enjoys reliability, ergodicity and stochastic feature, the proposed technique presents chaos mapping using Lozi map chaotic sequences which increases its convergence rate. To ensure the robustness of the proposed damping controller, the design process takes into account a wide range of operating conditions and system configurations. The simulation results reveal that the proposed controller has an excellent capability in damping power system low frequency oscillations and enhances greatly the dynamic stability of the power systems. Moreover, the system performance analysis under different operating conditions shows that the phase based controller is superior compare to the magnitude based controller.

scholarly journals Data–Driven Control Techniques for Renewable Energy Conversion Systems: Wind Turbine and Hydroelectric Plants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Simani ◽  
Stefano Alvisi ◽  
Mauro Venturini
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Hydroelectric Plants

The interest on the use of renewable energy resources is increasing, especially towards wind and hydro powers, which should be efficiently converted into electric energy via suitable technology tools. To this aim, data--driven control techniques represent viable strategies that can be employed for this purpose, due to the features of these nonlinear dynamic processes working over a wide range of operating conditions, driven by stochastic inputs, excitations and disturbances. Some of the considered methods, such as fuzzy and adaptive self--tuning controllers, were already verified on wind turbine systems, and similar advantages may thus derive from their appropriate implementation and application to hydroelectric plants. These issues represent the key features of the work, which provides some guidelines on the design and the application of these control strategies to these energy conversion systems. The working conditions of these systems will be also taken into account in order to highlight the reliability and robustness characteristics of the developed control strategies, especially interesting for remote and relatively inaccessible location of many installations.

scholarly journals A Review of the Potential Impacts of Wind Turbine Noise in the Australian Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-197
Author(s):  
John Laurence Davy ◽  
Kym Burgemeister ◽  
David Hillman ◽  
Simon Carlile
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Low Frequency Noise ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise ◽  
Objective Basis

Abstract This manuscript describes a range of technical deliberations undertaken by the authors during their work as members of the Australian Government’s Independent Scientific Committee on Wind Turbines. Central to these deliberations was the requirement upon the committee to improve understanding and monitoring of the potential impacts of sound from wind turbines (including low frequency and infrasound) on health and the environment. The paper examines existing wind turbine sound limits, possible perceptual and physiological effects of wind turbine noise, aspects of the effects of wind turbine sound on sleep health and quality of life, low-frequency noise limits, the concept of annoyance including alternative causes of it and the potential for it to be affected by low-frequency noise, the influence of amplitude modulation and tonality, sound measurement and analysis and management strategies. In so doing it provides an objective basis for harmonisation across Australia of provisions for siting and monitoring of wind turbines, which currently vary from state to state, contributing to contention and potential inequities between Australians, depending on their place of residence.

scholarly journals Sound Waves At Work

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (03) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Component Supplier

Researchers have devised a new technique to use sound waves, opening the way for simple acoustic compressors, speedy chemical-process reactors, and clean electric-power generators. MacroSonix Corp. in Richmond, Vermont, has developed a technique by which standing sound waves resonating in specially shaped closed cavities can be loaded with thousands of times more energy than was previously possible. Company’s wave-shaping technology is known as resonant macrosonic synthesis (RMS). With some clever engineering, he said, the elevated acoustic-energy levels produced using RMS can be tapped for a wide range of industrial applications, including simplified compressors, pumps, speedy chemical-process reactors, and clean electric-power generators. MacroSonix has already licensed the RMS technology to a large appliance manufacturer to develop acoustic compressors for home refrigerators and air conditioners. MacroSonix has demonstrated the ability to produce high-pressure amplitudes inside resonator cavities. The MacroSonix technology relates to pressure waves in gases, which tend to be nonlinear in behavior. MacroSonix is working on a new licensing deal for an RMS air compressor and another with an electronic-component supplier. The company would like to enter larger research consortia with private, university, or government research labs to explore the RMS electric-power-generation concept.

Robust design of power system stabilizer using bacterial foraging algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Abdul Hameed ◽  
S. Palani
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Power System Stabilizer ◽  
Bacterial Foraging ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bacterial Foraging Algorithm ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
System Stabilizer

Abstract In this paper, a novel bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) based approach for robust and optimal design of PID controller connected to power system stabilizer (PSS) is proposed for damping low frequency power oscillations of a single machine infinite bus bar (SMIB) power system. This paper attempts to optimize three parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) of PID-PSS based on foraging behaviour of Escherichia coli bacteria in human intestine. The problem of robustly selecting the parameters of the power system stabilizer is converted to an optimization problem which is solved by a bacterial foraging algorithm with a carefully selected objective function. The eigenvalue analysis and the simulation results obtained for internal and external disturbances for a wide range of operating conditions show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed BFAPSS. Further, the time domain simulation results when compared with those obtained using conventional PSS and Genetic Algorithm (GA) based PSS show the superiority of the proposed design.

Perception of low frequency components in wind turbine noise

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakae Yokoyama ◽  
Shinichi Sakamoto ◽  
Hideki Tachibana
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise ◽  
Frequency Components

scholarly journals Perception of Low-Frequency Acoustic Signals by a Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the Presence of Simulated Offshore Wind Turbine Noise

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Lucke ◽  
Paul A. Lepper ◽  
Bert Hoeve ◽  
Eligius Everaarts ◽  
Niels van Elk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Harbour Porpoise ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise
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