Stress Intensity Factor Solutions for Internal Longitudinal Semi-Circular Surface Flaws in a Cylinder Under Arbitrary Loading

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. S. Lee ◽  
M. Raymund
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Arbitrary Loading ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Circular Surface ◽  
Inside Radius

The behavior of semi-circular surface flaws in cylinders is of interest in the technology of pressure vessels. The object of this study is to determine the stress intensity factor distribution around the crack front under arbitrary loading conditions for a longitudinal semi-circular flaw with Ri/t = 10; where Ri is the inside radius of the cylinder, and t is the cylinder thickness. Six crack depths are studied under various loading conditions: a/t = 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.65, 0.80, and 0.90, where a is the circular flaw radius. In general, the finite element method is used to determine the displacement solution. Parks’ stiffness derivative method is used to find the stress intensity factor distribution around the semi-circle. The immediate crack tip geometry is modeled by use of a “macro-element” containing over 1600 degrees of freedom. Four separate loadings are considered: 1) constant, 2) linear, 3) quadratic, and 4) cubic crack surface pressure. From these loadings, nondimensional magnification factors are derived to represent the resulting stress intensity factors. Comparisons are made with other investigators and results agree within 5 percent of published results.

Stress Intensity Factor Influence Coefficients for External Surface Flaws in Boiling Water Reactor Pressure Vessels

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengjun Yin ◽  
Terry L. Dickson ◽  
Paul T. Williams ◽  
B. Richard Bass
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Water Reactor ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Reactor Pressure

Over the service life of a nuclear power plant, the Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) may undergo many cool-down and heat-up thermal-hydraulic transients associated with, for example, scheduled refueling outages and other normal operational transients, or even possible overcooling transients. These thermal-hydraulic events can act on postulated surface flaws in BWRs and therefore impose potential risk on the structure integrity of Reactor Pressure Vessels (RPVs). Internal surface flaws are of interest for the BWRs under overcooling accidental scenarios, while external surface flaws are more vulnerable when the BWRs are subjected to heat-up transients. Stress Intensity Factor Influence Coefficient (SIFIC) databases for application to linear elastic fracture mechanics analyses of BWR pressure vessels which typically have an internal radius to wall thickness ratio (Ri/t) between 15 and 20 were developed for external surface breaking flaws. This paper presents three types of surface flaws necessary in fracture analyses of BWRs: (1) finite-length external surface flaws with aspect ratio of 2, 6, and 10. (2) infinite-length axial external surface flaws; and (3) 360° circumferential external surface flaws. These influence coefficients have been implemented and validated in the FAVOR fracture mechanics code developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Although these SIFIC databases were developed in application to RPVs subjected to thermal-hydraulic transients, they could also be applied to RPVs under other general loading conditions.

Application of Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) to Stress Intensity Factor Calculations

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do-Jun Shim ◽  
Mohammed Uddin ◽  
Sureshkumar Kalyanam ◽  
Frederick Brust ◽  
Bruce Young
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Extended Finite Element Method ◽  
Partition Of Unity ◽  
Extended Finite Element ◽  
Element Method

The extended finite element method (XFEM) is an extension of the conventional finite element method based on the concept of partition of unity. In this method, the presence of a crack is ensured by the special enriched functions in conjunction with additional degrees of freedom. This approach also removes the requirement for explicitly defining the crack front or specifying the virtual crack extension direction when evaluating the contour integral. In this paper, stress intensity factors (SIF) for various crack types in plates and pipes were calculated using the XFEM embedded in ABAQUS. These results were compared against handbook solutions, results from conventional finite element method, and results obtained from finite element alternating method (FEAM). Based on these results, applicability of the ABAQUS XFEM to stress intensity factor calculations was investigated. Discussions are provided on the advantages and limitations of the XFEM.

A Review of K-Solutions for Through-Thickness Flaws in Cylinders and Spheres

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mirzaee Sisan ◽  
Isabel Hadley ◽  
Sarah E. Smith ◽  
Mike Smith
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cylinders And Spheres

This paper reviews different stress intensity factor solutions for a wide range of configurations and loading conditions for a cylinder with axial and circumferential through thickness cracks and a sphere with through thickness meridional (equatorial) cracks. The most appropriate solutions to use are identified.

Revision to Stress Intensity Factor Equations for ASME Section XI Appendix C-4000: Determination of Failure Mode

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiminobu Hojo ◽  
Steven Xu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Inside Surface ◽  
Screening Procedure ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Influence Coefficients ◽  
Surface Flaws

In ASME Section XI Appendix C for analytical evaluation of flaws in piping, a screening procedure is prescribed to determine the failure mode and analysis method for the flawed pipe. The end-of-evaluation period flaw dimensions, temperature, material properties, and pipe loadings are considered in the screening procedure. Equations necessary to calculate components of the screening criteria (SC) include stress intensity factor (K) equations. The K-equation for a pipe with a circumferential inside surface flaw in the 2017 Edition Section XI Appendix C-4000 is for a fan-shaped flaw. Real surface flaws are closer to semi-elliptical shape. As part of Section XI Working Group on Pipe Flaw Evaluation (WGPFE) activities, revision to stress intensity factor equations for circumferential surface flaws in Appendix C-4000 has been proposed. The proposed equations include closed-form equations for stress intensity influence coefficients G0 for membrane stress and Ggb for global bending stress for circumferential inside surface flaws. The rationale for the Code changes and technical basis for the proposed stress intensity factor equations are provided in this paper.

Stress Intensity at the Initiation of Instability by R Curve

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1160-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sundaresan ◽  
B. Nageswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Critical Stress ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Critical Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Crack Mouth Opening Displacement ◽  
Opening Displacement

The life expectancy or failure of aerospace pressure vessels is evaluated by the critical stress intensity determined by the crack growth resistance curve of a material. Load versus crack mouth opening displacement data is generated from the Compact Tension specimens made from the weld joints of maraging steel rocket motor segments. The steps involved to generate critical stress intensity factor is explained. A power law is adopted to model the crack extension in terms of stress intensity factor and determine the maximum failure load of weld specimens. Maximum failure loads of CT specimens obtained by test and analysis are presented.

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