Phase-Resolved Heat-Flux Measurements on the Blade of a Full-Scale Rotating Turbine

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Dunn ◽  
P. J. Seymour ◽  
S. H. Woodward ◽  
W. K. George ◽  
R. E. Chupp
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Heat Flux Distribution ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Pressure Surface ◽  
Flux Data ◽  
Heated Air ◽  
Cutting Frequency ◽  
Flux Measurements

This paper presents detailed phase-resolved heat-flux data obtained on the blade of a Teledyne 702 HP full-stage rotating turbine. A shock tube is used as a short-duration source of heated air and platinum thin-film gages are used to obtain the heat-flux measurements. Results are presented along the midspan at several locations on the blade suction and pressure surfaces from the stagnation point to near the trailing edge. For these measurements, the turbine was operating at the design flow function and at 100 percent corrected speed. Results are presented for the design vane/blade spacing (0.19 Cs) and at a wide spacing (0.50 Cs). Data are also presented illustrating the phase-resolved blade heat-flux distribution with upstream cold gas injection from discrete holes on the vane surface. The results illustrate that several successive passages can be superimposed upon each other and that a heat-flux pattern can be determined within the passage. A Fourier analysis of the heat-flux record reveals contributions from the fundamental and first harmonic of the passage cutting frequency. Time-resolved surface pressure data obtained on the blade pressure surface are compared with heat-flux data.

Heat-Flux Measurements for the Rotor of a Full-Stage Turbine: Part II—Description of Analysis Technique and Typical Time-Resolved Measurements

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Dunn ◽  
W. K. George ◽  
W. J. Rae ◽  
S. H. Woodward ◽  
J. C. Moller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Suction Surface ◽  
Stagnation Region ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Typical Time ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Dominant Frequencies

This paper presents a detailed description of an analysis technique and an application of this technique to obtain time-resolved heat flux for the blade of a Garrett TFE 731-2 hp full-stage rotating turbine. A shock tube is used as a short-duration source of heated air and platinum thin-film gages are used to obtain the heat-flux measurements. To obtain the heat-flux values from the thin-film gage temperature histories, a finite-difference procedure has been used to solve the heat equation, with variable thermal properties. The data acquisition and the data analysis procedures are described in detail and then their application is illustrated for three midspan locations on the blade. The selected locations are the geometric stagnation point, 32.7 percent wetted distance on the suction surface, and 85.5 percent wetted distance on the suction surface. For these measurements, the turbine was operating at the design flow function and very near 100 percent corrected speed. The vane–blade axial spacing was consistent with the engine operating configuration. The results demonstrate that the magnitude of the heat-flux fluctuation resulting from the vane–blade interaction is large by comparison with the time-averaged heat flux at all locations investigated. The magnitude of the fluctuation is greatest in the stagnation region and decreases with increasing wetted distance along the surface. A Fourier analysis by FFT of a portion of the heat-flux record illustrates that the dominant frequencies occur at the wake-cutting frequency and its harmonics.

Detailed Investigation of Heat Flux Measurements Made in a Standard Propane-Air Fire-Certification Burner Compared to Levels Derived From a Low-Temperature Analogue Burner

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd. Rahim Abu Talib ◽  
Andrew J. Neely ◽  
Peter T. Ireland ◽  
Andrew J. Mullender
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Heat Flux Distribution ◽  
Adiabatic Wall ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Flux Measurements

This paper presents detailed heat flux measurements to a flat plate from an ISO2685 [1] standard, large propane fuelled burner used throughout the industry in aero-engine fire-certification. The authors have developed a custom-built heat transfer gauge to measure the heat flux from the burner under isothermal wall conditions. The heat flux from the standard burner is normally calibrated using either a watercooled copper tube or a Gardon gauge, each positioned at a single location. There are no reports in the literature of a detailed survey of heat flux distribution for the burner and the results are therefore of great interest to thermal engineers. These measurements provide benchmark data to allow the heat flux distribution from the ISO burner to be compared to levels derived from the low-temperature analogue burner developed by the authors. The analogue burner uses liquid crystals to measure heat transfer coefficient and adiabatic wall temperature on scale models of engine components and provides key data to facilitate the successful design of components used in fire zones. The objective of this paper is to further validate the low-temperature analogue burner technique developed by the authors which simulates the standard large propane-air burner for fire-certification in aero engine.

Detailed Investigation of Heat Flux Measurements Made in a Standard Propane-Air Fire-Certification Burner Compared to Levels Derived From a Low-Temperature Analog Burner

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd. Rahim Abu Talib ◽  
Andrew J. Neely ◽  
Peter T. Ireland ◽  
Andrew J. Mullender
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Heat Flux Distribution ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Adiabatic Wall ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
In Fire

This paper presents detailed heat flux measurements on a flat plate subjected to the ISO2685 [The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1992, “Aircraft—Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment—Resistance to Fire in Designated Fire Zones,” ISO2685:1992(E)] standard, propane fueled burner used throughout the industry in aero-engine fire-certification. The authors have developed a custom-built heat transfer gauge to measure the heat flux from the burner under isothermal wall conditions. The heat flux from the standard burner is normally calibrated using either a water-cooled copper tube or a Gardon gauge, each sited at a single position in the flame. There are no reports in the literature of a detailed survey of heat flux distribution for the burner and the results are of considerable interest to engineers involved in fire-certification. The reported measurements constitute the first, detailed distribution of heat flux from the actual burner flame during a fire test. These measurements provided benchmark data which allowed the heat flux distribution from the ISO burner to be compared to levels derived from the low-temperature analog burner developed by the authors. The analog burner uses liquid crystals to measure heat transfer coefficient and adiabatic wall temperature on scale models of engine components and provides key data to facilitate the successful design of components used in fire zones. The objective of this paper is to further validate the low-temperature analog burner technique developed by the authors which simulates the standard large propane-air burner for fire-certification in aero engine.

Phase and Time-Resolved Measurements of Unsteady Heat Transfer and Pressure in a Full-Stage Rotating Turbine

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Unsteady Heat Transfer ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Time Histories ◽  
Flux Measurements

This paper presents detailed phase-resolved heat-flux data obtained on rotor blades and a comparison of simultaneously obtained time-resolved heat-flux and static pressure data obtained on the stationary shroud of a Garrett TFE 731-2 HP full-stage rotating turbine. A shock tube is used to generate a short-duration source of heated and pressurized air and platinum thin-film gages are used to obtain heat-flux measurements. Blade results are presented at several selected blade locations. Shroud surface pressure and heat-flux time histories are presented for comparable locations relative to the blade position. For these measurements, the turbine was operating at the design flow function, the design stage pressure ratio, and at 100% corrected speed.

Phase and Time-Resolved Measurements of Unsteady Heat Transfer and Pressure in a Full-Stage Rotating Turbine

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Unsteady Heat Transfer ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Time Histories ◽  
Flux Measurements

This paper presents detailed phase-resolved heat-flux data obtained on rotor blades and a comparison of simultaneously obtained time-resolved heat-flux and static pressure data obtained on the stationary shroud of a Garrett TFE 731-2 HP full-stage rotating turbine. A shock tube is used to generate a short-duration source of heated and pressurized air and platinum thin-film gages are used to obtain heat-flux measurements. Blade results are presented at several selected blade locations. Shroud surface pressure and heat-flux time histories are presented for comparable locations relative to the blade position. For these measurements, the turbine was operating at the design flow function, the design stage pressure ratio, and at 100 percent corrected speed.

Heat Flux Distribution Over a Solar Central Receiver Using an Aiming Strategy Based on a Conventional Closed Control Loop

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús García ◽  
Yen Chean Soo Too ◽  
Ricardo Vasquez Padilla ◽  
Rodrigo Barraza Vicencio ◽  
Andrew Beath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Heat Flux Distribution ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Solar Receiver ◽  
Solar Field

Solar thermal towers are a maturing technology that have the potential to supply a significant part of energy requirements of the future. One of the issues that needs careful attention is the heat flux distribution over the central receiver’s surface. It is imperative to maintain receiver’s thermal stresses below the material limits. Therefore, an adequate aiming strategy for each mirror is crucial. Due to the large number of mirrors present in a solar field, most aiming strategies work using a data base that establishes an aiming point for each mirror depending on the relative position of the sun and heat flux models. This paper proposes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) closed control loop based on a methodology that allows using conventional control strategies such as those based on Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers. Results indicate that even this basic control loop can successfully distribute heat flux on the solar receiver.

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