Performance Characteristics of Two- and Three-Dimensional Impellers in Centrifugal Compressors

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Harada
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Overall Performance

The overall performance of two- and three-dimensional impellers of a centrifugal compressor were tested and compared. A closed-loop test stand with Freon gas as the working fluid was employed for the experiments. The inlet and outlet velocity distributions of all impellers were measured using three-hole cobra probes. As a result, it has been revealed that three-dimensional impeller in terms of efficiency, head coefficient, and operating range. Further, it has also been clarified that the impeller slip factor is affected by blade angle distribution.

scholarly journals Performance Characteristics of Two- and Three-Dimensional Impellers in Centrifugal Compressors

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Harada
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Overall Performance

The overall performance of two- and three-dimensional impellers of a centrifugal compressor were tested and compared. A closed loop test stand with Freon gas as working fluid was employed for the experiments. The inlet and outlet velocity distribtions of all impellers were measured using three hole cobra probes. As a result, it has been revealed that three-dimensional impellers are superior to two-dimensional one in terms of efficiency, head coefficient and operating range. Further, it has also been clarified that the impeller slip factor is affected by blade angle distribution.

Performance Characteristics of Shrouded and Unshrouded Impellers of a Centrifugal Compressor

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Harada
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Unsteady Flows ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Hot Film

The overall performance of shrouded and unshrouded identical impellers of a centrifugal compressor were tested and compared. A closed loop test stand with Freon gas as the working fluid was employed for the experiments. The inlet and outlet velocity distributions of both impellers were measured using a three-hole cobra probe and a hot-film probe to determine the velocity distribution and unsteady flows due to wakes and inlet stall.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Unsteady Flows in a Transonic Centrifugal Compressor With Vaneless and Vaned Diffusers

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Transonic Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Compressor Performance ◽  
Overall Performance

To reduce vibration and noise level, the impeller and diffuser blade numbers inside an industrial compressor are typically chosen without common divisors. The shapes of volutes or collectors in these compressors are also not axis-symmetric. When impeller blades pass these asymmetric structures, the flow field in the compressor is time-dependent and three-dimensional. To obtain a fundamental physical understanding of these three-dimensional unsteady flow fields and assess their impact on the compressor performance, the flow field inside the compressors needs to be studied as a whole to include asymmetric and unsteady interaction between the compressor components. In current study, a unified three-dimensional numerical model was built for a transonic centrifugal compressor including impeller, diffusers, and volute. HFC 134a was used as the working fluid. The thermodynamic and transport properties of the refrigerant gas were modeled by the Martin-Hou equation of state and power laws, respectively. The three-dimensional unsteady flow field was simulated with a Navier-Stokes solver using the k-ε turbulent model. The overall performance parameters are obtained by integrating the field quantities. Both unsteady flow field and overall performance are analyzed comparatively for each component. The compressor was tested in a water chiller system instrumented to obtain both overall performance data and local flow field quantities. The experimental and numerical results agree well. The correlation between the overall compressor performance and local flow field quantities is defined. The methodology developed and data obtained in these studies can be applied to centrifugal compressor design and optimization.

Effect of Suction Elbow and Inlet Guide Vanes on Flow Field in a Centrifugal Compressor Stage

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Guide Vanes ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Inlet Guide Vanes ◽  
Compressor Design ◽  
Overall Performance

Suction elbows and inlet guide vanes (IGVs) are typical upstream components in front of first-stage impellers in centrifugal compressors. The three-dimensional distortion induced by elbows and IGVs affects the flow field behind the IGV housing. Since the flow field in front of the impeller is subsonic, the flow motion induced by the rotating impeller will interact with the elbow and IGVs as well. The flow field resulting from these interactions is three-dimensional. The nature of this flow field defines design requirements of upstream components and impact overall performance of the compressor. To understand the mechanism controlling the interactions of up-steam components and optimize the compressor design for better efficiency and reliability, a numerical simulation of the flow field inside the entire first stage of the compressor was conducted. The stage studied includes suction elbow, IGV housing with vanes, and first-stage impeller. HFC 134a was used as the working fluid. The thermodynamic and transport properties of the refrigerant gas were modeled by the Martin-Hou equation of state and power laws respectively. The three-dimensional flow field was simulated with a Navier-Stokes solver using the k-ε turbulence model. The overall performance parameters are obtained by integrating the field quantities. The force, torque, and arm of moment acting on the IGVs were then calculated. The results can be used to improve centrifugal compressor design to achieve higher efficiency and improve reliability. The methodology developed in the current study can be applied to centrifugal compressor design and optimization.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Unsteady Flows in a Transonic Centrifugal Compressor with Vaneless and Vaned Diffusers

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Transonic Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Compressor Performance ◽  
Overall Performance

To reduce vibration and noise level, the impeller and diffuser blade numbers inside an industrial compressor are typically chosen without common divisors. The shapes of volutes or collectors in these compressors are also not axis-symmetric. When impeller blades pass these asymmetric structures, the flow field in the compressor is time-dependent and three-dimensional. To obtain a fundamental physical understanding of these three-dimensional unsteady flow fields and assess their impact on the compressor performance, the flow field inside the compressors needs to be studied as a whole to include asymmetric and unsteady interaction between the compressor components. In the current study, a unified three-dimensional numerical model was built for a transonic centrifugal compressor including impeller, diffusers, and volute. HFC 134a was used as the working fluid. The thermodynamic and transport properties of the refrigerant gas were modeled by the Martin-Hou equation of state and power laws, respectively. The three-dimensional unsteady flow field was simulated with a Navier-Stokes solver using thek−εturbulent model. The overall performance parameters are obtained by integrating the field quantities. Both the unsteady flow field and the overall performance are analyzed comparatively for each component. The compressor was tested in a water chiller system instrumented to obtain both the overall performance data and local flow-field quantities. The experimental and numerical results agree well. The correlation between the overall compressor performance and local flow-field quantities is defined. The methodology developed and data obtained in these studies can be applied to the centrifugal compressor design and optimization.

scholarly journals An Experimental and Computational Investigation of Flow in a Radial Inlet of an Industrial Pipeline Centrifugal Compressor

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Flathers ◽  
G. E. Bache ◽  
R. Rainsberger
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Industrial Pipeline ◽  
Design Schedule

The flowfield of a complex three dimensional radial inlet for an industrial pipeline centrifugal compressor has been experimentally determined on a half scale model. Based on the experimental results, inlet guide vanes have been designed to correct pressure and swirl angle distribution deficiencies. The unvaned and vaned inlets are analyzed with a commercially available fully 3D viscous Navier-Stokes code. Since experimental results were available prior to the numerical study, the unvaned analysis is considered a postdiction while the vaned analysis is considered a prediction. The computational results of the unvaned inlet have been compared to the previously obtained experimental results. The experimental method utilized for the unvaned inlet is repeated for the vaned inlet and the data has been used to verify the computational results. The paper will discuss experimental, design and computational procedures, grid generation, boundary conditions, and experimental versus computational methods. Agreement between experimental and computational results is very good, both in prediction and postdiction modes. The results of this investigation indicate that CFD offers a measurable advantage in design, schedule and cost and can be applied to complex, three dimensional radial inlets.

Design and Experimental Study on the Surge Performance Improvement by the Effects of Bleed Slot Casing of a Centrifugal Compressor

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Won Kim ◽  
Jae Hoon Chung ◽  
Hyo Seong Lee ◽  
Min Ouk Choi
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Surge Margin ◽  
Commercial Code

The primary design goal of a compressor is focused on improving efficiency. Secondary objective is to widen the compressor’s operating range. This paper presents a numerical and experimental investigation of the influence of the bleed slot to enlarge operating range for the 1.2MW class centrifugal compressor installed in a turbocharger. The main design parameters of the bleed slot casing are upstream slot position, inlet pipe slope, downstream slot position and width. The DOE (design of experiment) method was carried out to optimize the casing design. Numerical analyses were done by the commercial code ANSYS-CFX based on the three dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. From the analysis, as the downstream slot position and width are smaller and upstream position is located away from impeller inlet, efficiency and pressure ratio are increased. Experimental works were done with and without the bleed slot casing. The simulation results were in good agreement with the test data. In case without the bleed slot casing, the surge margin value came out to be only 11.8% but with the optimized bleed slot design, the surge margin reached 23%. Therefore, the surge margin increase of 11.2% was achieved.

A Photographic Study of the Three-Dimensional Flow in a Radial Compressor

1968 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Senoo ◽  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
M. Nishi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Flow ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Vaneless Diffuser ◽  
Three Dimensional Flow ◽  
Radial Compressor ◽  
Dimensional Flow

In order to visualize the three-dimensional flow in the impeller and the vaneless diffuser of a centrifugal compressor, water is used as the working fluid and streak lines of colored water are photographed and examined. The test is made at an extremely low speed so that streak lines do not diffuse due to turbulent mixing. The streak lines clearly demonstrate several types of secondary flow, some of which agree with what have been speculated to exist in actual compressors. Most of observed secondary flow patterns are qualitatively understandable with existing theories.

An Experimental and Computational Investigation of Flow in a Radial Inlet of an Industrial Pipeline Centrifugal Compressor

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Flathers ◽  
G. E. Bache ◽  
R. Rainsberger
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Industrial Pipeline ◽  
Design Schedule

The flow field of a complex three-dimensional radial inlet for an industrial pipeline centrifugal compressor has been experimentally determined on a half-scale model. Based on the experimental results, inlet guide vanes have been designed to correct pressure and swirl angle distribution deficiencies. The unvaned and vaned inlets are analyzed with a commercially available fully three-dimensional viscous Navier–Stokes code. Since experimental results were available prior to the numerical study, the unvaned analysis is considered a postdiction while the vaned analysis is considered a prediction. The computational results of the unvaned inlet have been compared to the previously obtained experimental results. The experimental method utilized for the unvaned inlet is repeated for the vaned inlet and the data have been used to verify the computational results. The paper will discuss experimental, design, and computational procedures, grid generation, boundary conditions, and experimental versus computational methods. Agreement between experimental and computational results is very good, both in prediction and postdiction modes. The results of this investigation indicate that CFD offers a measurable advantage in design, schedule, and cost and can be applied to complex, three-dimensional radial inlets.

Aerodynamic Analysis of a Multistage Centrifugal Compressor

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duccio Bonaiuti ◽  
Andrea Arnone ◽  
Alberto Milani ◽  
Leonardo Baldassarre
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Aerodynamic Analysis ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The One ◽  
Multistage Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
The Impact

The aerodynamic analysis of a four–stage centrifugal compressor was performed by means of a three–dimensional multi stage CFD code. The whole operating range of the compressor was investigated and the critical elements affecting the choke and stall limit were identified. The isolated impellers were also analyzed separately and the flow field was compared to the one coming from the multistage analysis. This allowed us to study the effect of the interactions between components and quantify the impact of the multistage environment on the impellers’ performance.

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