Development of Knowledge Base for Designing Linkage-Type Dwell Mechanisms: Part 2—Application

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Kota ◽  
Arthur G. Erdman ◽  
Donald R. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Design Process ◽  
System Development ◽  
Dimensional Synthesis ◽  
Structural Representation ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Rules Of Thumb ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Path Curvature

Knowledge acquisition is a big bottleneck in any expert system development. Several “rules-of-thumb” are developed for designing linkage-type dwell mechanisms. These rules of thumb are based on path curvature theory (Part 1 of this paper) and systematic synthesis, analysis and classification of straight-line, circular-arc and symmetrical coupler-curve generating linkages. The methods of representing the domain-specific knowledge in an expert system are discussed here. “Frames” for structural representation of knowledge and “production rules” to control the reasoning during the design process are proposed here. Frames and rules, in the light of dwell-mechanism synthesis are presented. Finally, a conceptual design example illustrates the various stages that the actual expert system goes through in the design process when these concepts are fully developed and programs are written out in LISP. These concepts are developed with an eye toward future development of a general expert system for type and dimensional synthesis of mechanisms.

scholarly journals Toward Knowledge Management for Smart Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaw C. Feng ◽  
William Z. Bernstein ◽  
Thomas Hedberg ◽  
Allison Barnard Feeney
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Objects ◽  
Planning Production

The need for capturing knowledge in the digital form in design, process planning, production, and inspection has increasingly become an issue in manufacturing industries as the variety and complexity of product lifecycle applications increase. Both knowledge and data need to be well managed for quality assurance, lifecycle impact assessment, and design improvement. Some technical barriers exist today that inhibit industry from fully utilizing design, planning, processing, and inspection knowledge. The primary barrier is a lack of a well-accepted mechanism that enables users to integrate data and knowledge. This paper prescribes knowledge management to address a lack of mechanisms for integrating, sharing, and updating domain-specific knowledge in smart manufacturing (SM). Aspects of the knowledge constructs include conceptual design, detailed design, process planning, material property, production, and inspection. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a methodology on what knowledge manufacturing organizations access, update, and archive in the context of SM. The case study in this paper provides some example knowledge objects to enable SM.

scholarly journals EDGE BASED 3D INDOOR CORRIDOR MODELING USING A SINGLE IMAGE

2015 ◽  
Vol II-3/W5 ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Baligh Jahromi ◽  
G. Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Middle Level ◽  
Single Image ◽  
Vanishing Points ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Random Line ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Indoor Scenes ◽  
Edge Based

Reconstruction of spatial layout of indoor scenes from a single image is inherently an ambiguous problem. However, indoor scenes are usually comprised of orthogonal planes. The regularity of planar configuration (scene layout) is often recognizable, which provides valuable information for understanding the indoor scenes. Most of the current methods define the scene layout as a single cubic primitive. This domain-specific knowledge is often not valid in many indoors where multiple corridors are linked each other. In this paper, we aim to address this problem by hypothesizing-verifying multiple cubic primitives representing the indoor scene layout. This method utilizes middle-level perceptual organization, and relies on finding the ground-wall and ceiling-wall boundaries using detected line segments and the orthogonal vanishing points. A comprehensive interpretation of these edge relations is often hindered due to shadows and occlusions. To handle this problem, the proposed method introduces virtual rays which aid in the creation of a physically valid cubic structure by using orthogonal vanishing points. The straight line segments are extracted from the single image and the orthogonal vanishing points are estimated by employing the RANSAC approach. Many scene layout hypotheses are created through intersecting random line segments and virtual rays of vanishing points. The created hypotheses are evaluated by a geometric reasoning-based objective function to find the best fitting hypothesis to the image. The best model hypothesis offered with the highest score is then converted to a 3D model. The proposed method is fully automatic and no human intervention is necessary to obtain an approximate 3D reconstruction.

Architecture of an Expert System for Oceanographic Mooring Design

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Wood ◽  
R. A. Skop
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Single Point ◽  
End User ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Engineering Design Problems ◽  
Engineering Design Problem ◽  
Rules Of Thumb

Methods for the design and analysis of oceanographic moorings are well established (Berteaux, 1976). However, as with most engineering design problems, there are certain “rules-of-thumb” or “tricks-of-the-trade” that streamline the design process and enhance the performance of the final product. These rules-of-thumb are normally known to only a small cadre of people—experts—who have deep involvement and experience in the particular engineering design problem. These rules-of-thumb and other knowledge of several experts are incorporated to develop the fundamental architecture of an expert system for the design of single-point, subsurface, oceanographic moorings. Such moorings are used worldwide to collect oceanographic and acoustic data. The projected end user of this expert system is the oceanographer or acoustician who wishes to design and/or cost out a mooring but has not the access to or support for a mooring design group.

Novel Methodology for Inflection Circle based synthesis of Straight Line Crank Rocker Mechanism

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Prashant Shiwalkar ◽  
S. D. Moghe ◽  
J. P. Modak
Keyword(s):  
Compliant Mechanisms ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Dimensional Synthesis ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Synthesis Of Mechanisms ◽  
Acceptable Deviation ◽  
Curvature Theory ◽  
Path Curvature ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Line Path

Abstract Emerging fields like Compact Compliant Mechanisms have created newer/novel situations for application of straight line mechanisms. Many of these situations in Automation and Robotics are multidisciplinary in nature. Application Engineers from these domains are many times uninitiated in involved procedures of synthesis of mechanisms and related concepts of Path Curvature Theory. This paper proposes a predominantly graphical approach using properties of Inflection Circle to synthesize a crank rocker mechanism for tracing a coupler curve which includes the targeted straight line path. The generated approximate straight line path has acceptable deviation in length, orientation and extent of approximate nature well within the permissible ranges. Generation of multiple choices for the link geometry is unique to this method. To ease the selection, a trained Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed to indicate relative length of various options generated. Using studied unique properties of Inflection Circles a methodology for anticipating the orientation of the straight path vis-à-vis the targeted path is also included. Two straight line paths are targeted for two different crank rockers. Compared to the existing practice of selecting the mechanism with some compromise due to inherent granularity of the data in Atlases, proposed methodology helps in indicating the possibility of completing the dimensional synthesis. The case in which the solution is possible, the developed solution is well within the design specifications and is without a compromise.

Development of Knowledge Base for Designing Linkage-Type Dwell Mechanisms: Part 1—Theory

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Kota ◽  
Arthur G. Erdman ◽  
Donald R. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
Design Charts ◽  
Circular Arcs ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Parallel Motion ◽  
Curvature Theory ◽  
Path Curvature ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Straight Lines

Linkage-type mechanisms have certain advantages over cams for dwell applications. The design of a typical six-link dwell mechanism involves adding an output dyad to the basic four-bar mechanism that generates either a circular arc or a straight line portion of the coupler curve. The entire motion characteristics of these four-bar mechanisms should be considered in order to design a suitable dwell linkage. Part 1 of this paper is devoted to the study of four-bar linkages which generate straight line, circular arc and symmetrical curves. Part 2 discusses how the design experience gained in this study can be applied to develop an expert system for designing linkage-type dwell mechanisms. Using path curvature theory and design charts developed by Tesar, et al., hundreds of four-bar straight-line mechanisms are systematically investigated. Based on the typical shapes of coupler curves these mechanisms are then classified. A synthesis technique has been developed to design four-bar mechanisms for circular arc generation. Symmetrical coupler curves with straight-line or circular-arc segments, which are required for designing double-dwell mechanisms, are studied. This paper is part of the research that is underway to develop an “expert system” for designing mechanisms to generate straight lines, circular arcs, symmetrical curves, parallel motion and dwell.

‘I’m an expert in me and I know what I can cope with’: Patient expertise in rheumatoid arthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Sanderson ◽  
Jo Angouri
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Patient Expertise ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
The Uk

The active involvement of patients in decision-making and the focus on patient expertise in managing chronic illness constitutes a priority in many healthcare systems including the NHS in the UK. With easier access to health information, patients are almost expected to be (or present self) as an ‘expert patient’ (Ziebland 2004). This paper draws on the meta-analysis of interview data collected for identifying treatment outcomes important to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Taking a discourse approach to identity, the discussion focuses on the resources used in the negotiation and co-construction of expert identities, including domain-specific knowledge, access to institutional resources, and ability to self-manage. The analysis shows that expertise is both projected (institutionally sanctioned) and claimed by the patient (self-defined). We close the paper by highlighting the limitations of our pilot study and suggest avenues for further research.

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