International Technology Transfer—Who Should Learn the Second Language?

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Eyre
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
International Technology Transfer ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
Communication Mechanism

The widening gap between Developed and Developing countries places a burden on Engineers to improve the quantity and quality of technology transfer to the developing countries. Language is an essential element of technology transfer in a two language situation, but receives inadequate attention. The objective of this paper is to show that although powerful arguments exist for using the language of origin of technology for technology transfer, and this usually means English, there are compelling arguments to the contrary. Examination of languages in use, the communication mechanism, cultural considerations, and experience in Quebec and elsewhere are used to support the proposition.

The Critical Factors for the Successful Transformation of Technology from Developed to Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Farrukh Bashir Ahmad Mallana ◽  
Abeda Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Saima Iqbal ◽  
Adnan Shahid Khan ◽  
Aslan Amat Senin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Learning System ◽  
International Technology Transfer ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Relationship Of

The importance of international technology transfer (ITT) for economic development can hardly be overstated. Both the acquirement of technology and its dissemination foster productivity growth. As invention and creation processes remain overwhelmingly the province of the OECD countries, most developing countries must rely largely on imported technologies as sources of new productive knowledge. However, considerable amounts of follow-on innovation and adaptation occur in such countries. This paper explores recent international technology transfer issues between developed and developing countries. The paper will investigate technology transfer from the perspective of innovation systems, and identify critical components for the successful transformation of technology. Based on literature, findings emphasize on the development of learning system to overcome the barriers and promote international technology transfer in the long run. The focus of this paper is to study government’s technology policy and its influence on international technology transfer as well. Due to the ever changing environment of world politics and economy, there are numerous uncertainties in policy making for every country. It is not uncommon some policies cannot meet government’s original requirement as they were legislated. The rapid development of high technology has made stable technology policy a difficult task. Therefore, it is necessary to study the causal factors and intrinsic relationship of issues involved.

CREATING WALKING LED TRANSIT STATIONS FOR WOMEN IN MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Yong Adilah Shamsul Harumain ◽  
Nur Farhana Azmi ◽  
Suhaini Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
The Other ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Female User

Transit stations are generally well known as nodes of spaces where percentage of people walking are relatively high. The issue is do more planning is actually given to create walkability. Creating walking led transit stations involves planning of walking distance, providing facilities like pathways, toilets, seating and lighting. On the other hand, creating walking led transit station for women uncover a new epitome. Walking becomes one of the most important forms of mobility for women in developing countries nowadays. Encouraging women to use public transportation is not just about another effort to promote the use of public transportation but also another great endeavour to reduce numbers of traffic on the road. This also means, creating an effort to control accidents rate, reducing carbon emission, improving health and eventually, developing the quality of life. Hence, in this paper, we sought first to find out the factors that motivate women to walk at transit stations in Malaysia. A questionnaire survey with 562 female user of Light Railway Transit (LRT) was conducted at LRT stations along Kelana Jaya Line. Both built and non-built environment characteristics, particularly distance, safety and facilities were found as factors that are consistently associated with women walkability. With these findings, the paper highlights the criteria  which are needed to create and make betterment of transit stations not just for women but also for walkability in general.

Developing the culture and discipline of conducting and publishing scientific research: Guiding principles

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Daniel Obeng-Ofori
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Writing ◽  
Weekly Schedule ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Heavy Workload ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
Mentoring System ◽  
Critical Constraints

The pressure to publish is a fact of life in academia. Academics are expected to demonstrate that they are active researchersand that their work has been vetted by peers and disseminated in reputable scholarly forums. In practice, however, a numberof critical constraints hamper effective publication of scientific research in most developing countries. These include lackof effective mentoring system, poor facilities and inadequate funding for effective research and heavy workload where toomuch time and effort are spent in teaching, grading, meetings and other non-academic activities. In spite of these seeminglyinsurmountable challenges, with proper planning and commitment, one can still conduct research and publish to advanceones career and exchange of knowledge. The paper discusses the critical guiding principles in scientific writing and publishingin an unfriendly research environment as pertains in most universities in the developing world. The overriding principle isto cultivate the discipline of scientific writing consciously and follow it through religiously. This could be achieved if time isallocated for scientific writing in the scheme of weekly schedule of activities and made to be functional through meticulousplanning and commitment. Equally important is to avoid procedural mistakes in scientific writing. While the quality of theresearch is the single most important factor in determining whether an article will be published, a number of proceduralmistakes can help tip the balance against its publication. It should also be noted that when a manuscript is submitted to ascholarly journal, there are two audiences to satisfy: first the editor and external reviewers, and then the journal’s readers.That first group must be satisfied to create the opportunity to appeal to the second. Thus, familiarity with the style and tone ofthe specific journal is crucial.

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