The Temperature Distribution Within a Sphere Placed in a Directed Uniform Heat Flux and Allowed to Radiatively Cool

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Analytic Solution ◽  
Blackbody Radiation ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Uniform Heat Flux ◽  
Transform Methods ◽  
Uniform Heat ◽  
Large Heat

The temperature field within a sphere is found when the sphere is heated by a directed heat flux and cooled by blackbody radiation. For small heat fluxes, the analytic solution is obtained by transform methods. For large heat fluxes, the solution is computed numerically.

Experimental Study of a Single Microchannel Flow Under Non-Uniform Heat Flux

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Eltaweel ◽  
Abdulla Baobeid ◽  
Ibrahim Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Uniform Heat Flux ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Uniform Heat ◽  
Microchannel Heat Sinks

Non-uniform heat fluxes are commonly observed in thermo-electronic devices that require distinct thermal management strategies for effective heat dissipation and robust performance. The limited research available on non-uniform heat fluxes focus mostly on microchannel heat sinks while the fundamental component, i.e. a single microchannel, has received restricted attention. In this work, an experimental setup for the analysis of variable axial heat flux is used to study the heat transfer in a single microchannel with fully developed flow under the effect of different heat flux profiles. Initially a hot spot at different locations, with a uniform background heat flux, is studied at different Reynolds numbers while varying the maximum heat fluxes in order to compute the heat transfer in relation to its dependent variables. Measurements of temperature, pressure, and flow rates at a different locations and magnitudes of hot spot heat fluxes are presented, followed by a detailed analysis of heat transfer characteristics of a single microchannel under non-uniform heating. Results showed that upstream hotspots have lower tube temperatures compared to downstream ones with equal amounts of heat fluxes. This finding can be of importance in enhancing microchannel heat sinks effectiveness in reducing maximum wall temperatures for the same amount of heat released, by redistributing spatially fluxes in a descending profile.

scholarly journals Toroidal insulating inhomogeneity in an infinite space and related problems

2016 ◽  
Vol 472 (2187) ◽  
pp. 20150781 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Radi ◽  
I. Sevostianov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Analytic Solution ◽  
Uniform Heat Flux ◽  
Infinite Space ◽  
Conductive Medium ◽  
Steady State Temperature ◽  
Torus Surface ◽  
Conductive Properties

An analytic solution for the steady-state temperature distribution in an infinite conductive medium containing an insulated toroidal inhomogeneity and subjected to remotely applied uniform heat flux is obtained. The temperature flux on the torus surface is then determined as a function of torus parameters. This result is used to calculate the resistivity contribution tensor for the toroidal inhomogeneity required to evaluate the effective conductive properties of a material containing multiple inhomogeneities of this shape.

A New Approach to Solve Inverse Boundary Design of a Radiative Enclosure with Specular-Diffuse Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Mosavati ◽  
Maziar Mosavati
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Uniform Heat Flux ◽  
Uniform Temperature ◽  
Inverse Boundary ◽  
Uniform Temperature Distribution

Abstract The maintenance of uniform temperature distribution affects the efficiency in the most industrial applications. In the current study, a novel strategy has been developed for inverse radiative boundary design problems in radiant enclosures. This study presents the Backward Monte Carlo method to investigate the inverse boundary design of an enclosure composed of specular and diffuse surfaces. A new optimized Monte Carlo method is proposed to determine the temperature distribution of heaters to achieve desirable prescribed uniform heat flux on the design surfaces. The proposed approach is highly efficient and simple to implement with appropriate results. The evaluated heat fluxes on design surfaces and temperature distribution of heaters are compared with the case where the reradiating walls are assumed to be perfectly diffuse. In the proposed approach, for a specific range of specularity, the absorptivity of the reradiating surfaces does not affect the temperature distribution of heaters. Compared to the diffuse walls, the specular walls have more uniform temperature distribution and heat flux of heaters. This finding will provide insight into solar furnaces design to enhance temperature uniformity, making specular surfaces suitable in many industrial applications.

Numerical Investigation of Supercritical Water Flow in a 2x2 Rod Bundle Under Non-Uniform Heat Flux

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Rowinski ◽  
Yeng Ch. Soh ◽  
Timothy J. White ◽  
Ching Ch. Chieng ◽  
Jiyun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Wall Temperature ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Uniform Heat Flux ◽  
Fuel Channel ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Uniform Heat

Generation III/III+ nuclear reactors operate with working fluid under subcritical conditions (Tc = 647K, pc = 22.115MPa). The efficiency, limited by the ratio of source and sink temperatures, is restricted by operating below the critical temperature. The supercritical water reactors (SCWRs) are able to rise efficiency limit while operating at the supercritical conditions. The amount of energy carried by working fluid is higher leading to potential efficiency improvement of nearly 30% above current nuclear stations. Therefore, rendering nuclear energy as one of the most efficient decarbonized electrical energy sources with efficiency of 45% and capacity factor of ca. 90%. Typical capacity factors of competing wind turbines and solar PV cells reaches 45% and 15% while the efficiencies 50% and 45%, respectively. In a subcritical reactor a uniform heat flux is generated due to relatively constant fuel moderation. However, due to a change of density during transition from sub- to supercritical conditions, the fuel moderation is uneven along the fuel rod and results in a non-uniform heat generation. The literature on SCWR neutronics suggests higher heat generation at the fuel channel entrance. In this paper we simulated for the first time such non-uniform heat flux generated in a SCWR, we analyze the impacts of such flux on the working medium flow and suggest ways to mitigate negative impacts of non-uniform heat flux. The study was conducted with use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. Obtained results show that the shape of heat flux curve along the channel highly influences the wall temperature distribution along the fuel channel. The differences in maximum wall temperatures can be up to 200K for different curve’s shape. Moreover, the maximum wall temperature is always higher than in default case i.e. when uniform heat flux is applied. It is possible to control the wall temperature distribution by adjusting the shape of heat flux along the axis. Such adjustment can be made by using different enrichment levels along the fuel rod axis, unfortunately any change in power distribution caused rapid temperature increase at the upstream location.

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