Closure to “Discussions of ‘The Effect of Transverse Curvature on the Drag and Vortex Shedding of Elongated Bluff Bodies at Low Reynolds Number’” (1983, ASME J. Fluids Eng., 105, pp. 318–320)

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-322
Author(s):  
D. R. Monson
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Low Reynolds Number ◽  
Bluff Bodies ◽  
Transverse Curvature ◽  
Low Reynolds

Model reduction and mechanism for the vortex-induced vibrations of bluff bodies

2017 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 357-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Yao ◽  
R. K. Jaiman
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Bluff Body ◽  
Low Reynolds Number ◽  
Smooth Curve ◽  
Bluff Bodies ◽  
Sharp Corner ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Square Cylinder ◽  
Low Reynolds ◽  
Lock In

We present an effective reduced-order model (ROM) technique to couple an incompressible flow with a transversely vibrating bluff body in a state-space format. The ROM of the unsteady wake flow is based on the Navier–Stokes equations and is constructed by means of an eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA). We investigate the underlying mechanism of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a circular cylinder at low Reynolds number via linear stability analysis. To understand the frequency lock-in mechanism and self-sustained VIV phenomenon, a systematic analysis is performed by examining the eigenvalue trajectories of the ERA-based ROM for a range of reduced oscillation frequency $(F_{s})$, while maintaining fixed values of the Reynolds number ($Re$) and mass ratio ($m^{\ast }$). The effects of the Reynolds number $Re$, the mass ratio $m^{\ast }$ and the rounding of a square cylinder are examined to generalize the proposed ERA-based ROM for the VIV lock-in analysis. The considered cylinder configurations are a basic square with sharp corners, a circle and three intermediate rounded squares, which are created by varying a single rounding parameter. The results show that the two frequency lock-in regimes, the so-called resonance and flutter, only exist when certain conditions are satisfied, and the regimes have a strong dependence on the shape of the bluff body, the Reynolds number and the mass ratio. In addition, the frequency lock-in during VIV of a square cylinder is found to be dominated by the resonance regime, without any coupled-mode flutter at low Reynolds number. To further discern the influence of geometry on the VIV lock-in mechanism, we consider the smooth curve geometry of an ellipse and two sharp corner geometries of forward triangle and diamond-shaped bluff bodies. While the ellipse and diamond geometries exhibit the flutter and mixed resonance–flutter regimes, the forward triangle undergoes only the flutter-induced lock-in for $30\leqslant Re\leqslant 100$ at $m^{\ast }=10$. In the case of the forward triangle configuration, the ERA-based ROM accurately predicts the low-frequency galloping instability. We observe a kink in the amplitude response associated with 1:3 synchronization, whereby the forward triangular body oscillates at a single dominant frequency but the lift force has a frequency component at three times the body oscillation frequency. Finally, we present a stability phase diagram to summarize the VIV lock-in regimes of the five smooth-curve- and sharp-corner-based bluff bodies. These findings attempt to generalize our understanding of the VIV lock-in mechanism for bluff bodies at low Reynolds number. The proposed ERA-based ROM is found to be accurate, efficient and easy to use for the linear stability analysis of VIV, and it can have a profound impact on the development of control strategies for nonlinear vortex shedding and VIV.

Vortex Shedding Analysis in the Wake of a Flat Plate at Low Incidence and Low Reynolds Number

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastav Borah ◽  
Anand Verma ◽  
Vinayak Kulkarni ◽  
Ujjwal K. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Velocity Field ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Low Reynolds Number ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Low Reynolds ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstract Vortex shedding phenomenon leads to a number of different features such as flow induced vibrations, fluid mixing, heat transfer and noise generation. With respect to aerodynamic application, the intensity of vortex shedding and the size of vortices play an essential role in the generation of lift and drag forces on an airfoil. The flat plates are known to have a better lift-to-drag ratio than conventional airfoils at low Reynolds number (Re). A better understanding of the shedding behavior will help aerodynamicists to implement flat plates at low Re specific applications such as fixed-wing micro air vehicle (MAV). In the present study, the shedding of vortices in the wake of a flat plate at low incidence has been studied experimentally in a low-speed subsonic wind tunnel at a Re of 5 × 104. The velocity field in the wake of the plate is measured using a hot wire anemometer. These measurements are taken at specific points in the wake across the flow direction and above the suction side of the flat plate. The velocity field is found to oscillate with one dominant frequency of fluctuation. The Strouhal number (St), calculated from this frequency, is computed for different angles of attack (AoA). The shedding frequency of vortices from the trailing edge of the flat plate has a general tendency to increase with AoA. In this paper, the generation and subsequent shedding of leading edge and trailing edge vortices in the wake of a flat plate are discussed.

Cellular vortex shedding in the wake of a tapered plate at low Reynolds number

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 013603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatef A. Khaledi ◽  
Vagesh D. Narasimhamurthy ◽  
Helge I. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Low Reynolds Number ◽  
Low Reynolds

The wakes of cylindrical bluff bodies at low Reynolds number

1978 ◽  
Vol 288 (1354) ◽  
pp. 351-382 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Low Reynolds Number ◽  
The Body ◽  
Circular Cylinders ◽  
Bluff Bodies ◽  
Near Wake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Molecular Diffusivity ◽  
Splitter Plates ◽  
Low Reynolds

Experiments on the near wake of a cylinder will be discribed in an attempt to present a coherent picture of the events encountered as the Reynolds number increases from small values up to values of a few thousand. Much work on this subject has already been done, but there are gaps in our description of these flows as well as more fundamental deficiencies in our understanding of them. The subject has been reviewed several times and most recently by Berger & Wille (1972) whose paper covers much of the ground that will be discussed again here. The present work may be regarded as built upon this latest review. I remember with gratitude many helpful discussions with the late Rudolph Wille who contributed so much to this subject. The investigation has concentrated on circular cylinders, but the wakes of bluff cylinders of different cross sectional shapes have also been observed. Bluff cylinders in general are considered in §§4 and 5, together with the effect of splitter plates on circular cylinders in §9. The experiments concern, almost exclusively, flow visualization of the wakes by means of dye washed from the bodies. The patterns of dye observed are, therefore, filament line representations of the flow leaving the separation lines on the body. It must be stressed that the dye does not make visible the vorticity bearing fluid because at low Reynolds number, vorticity diffuses considerably more rapidly than does dye. The ratio of the molecular diffusivity of momentum to that of mass of dye is of the order of 100.

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