Control Considerations for an On-Line, Active Regeneration System for Diesel Particulate Traps

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Stiglic ◽  
J. Hardy ◽  
B. Gabelman
Keyword(s):  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
On Line ◽  
Road Testing ◽  
Active Regeneration

Garrett Automotive Group is developing an exhaust aftertreatment system aimed at particulate emissions reduction from commercial diesel engines. The system uses a ceramic wall flow filter to trap the particulates, and regeneration is effected by raising gas temperature by throttling the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger. Lab testing at steady conditions demonstrated good performance with both catalyzed and uncatalyzed traps. Road testing shows the regeneration must be accomplished under severe transient conditions created by the normal vehicle operating modes. Primary efforts are to accommodate those transients using advanced control and digital computational techniques. Some of those techniques are described and are shown to yield improved control performance.

scholarly journals Applications of Supercritical Anti-Solvent Process in Preparation of Solid Multicomponent Systems

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Guijin Liu ◽  
Junjian Li ◽  
Shiming Deng
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Continuous Manufacturing ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
On Line ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Solid multicomponent systems (SMS) are gaining an increasingly important role in the pharmaceutical industry, to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). In recent years, various processes have been employed for SMS manufacturing. Control of the particle solid-state properties, such as size, morphology, and crystal form is required to optimize the SMS formulation. By utilizing the unique and tunable properties of supercritical fluids, supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) process holds great promise for the manipulation of the solid-state properties of APIs. The SAS techniques have been developed from batch to continuous mode. Their applications in SMS preparation are summarized in this review. Many pharmaceutical co-crystals and solid dispersions have been successfully produced via the SAS process, where the solid-state properties of APIs can be well designed by controlling the operating parameters. The underlying mechanisms on the manipulation of solid-state properties are discussed, with the help of on-line monitoring and computational techniques. With continuous researching, SAS process will give a large contribution to the scalable and continuous manufacturing of desired SMS in the near future.

scholarly journals An Autonomous Human Following Caddie Robot with High-Level Driving Functions

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1516
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Choi ◽  
Kangwagye Samuel ◽  
Kanghyun Nam ◽  
Sehoon Oh
Keyword(s):  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Heading Angle ◽  
High Level ◽  
Trajectory Generator ◽  
Manual Mode

Nowadays, mobile robot platforms are utilized in various fields not only for transportation but also for other diverse services such as industrial, medical and, sports, etc. Mobile robots are also an emerging application as sports field robots, where they can help serve players or even play the games. In this paper, a novel caddie robot which can autonomously follow the golfer as well as provide useful information such as golf course navigation system and weather updates, is introduced. The locomotion of the caddie robot is designed with two modes: autonomous human following mode and manual driving mode. The transition between each mode can be achieved manually or by an algorithm based on the velocity, heading angle, and inclination of the ground surface. Moreover, the transition to manual mode is activated after a caddie robot has recognized the human intention input by hand. In addition, the advanced control algorithm along with a trajectory generator for the caddie robot are developed taking into consideration the locomotion modes. Experimental results show that the proposed strategies to drive various operating modes are efficient and the robot is verified to be utilized in the golf course.

scholarly journals LOAD SENSING WITH ACTIVE REGENERATION SYSTEM

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (7-3) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro MARANI ◽  
Gabriele ANSALONI ◽  
Roberto PAOLUZZI
Keyword(s):  
Regeneration System ◽  
Load Sensing ◽  
Active Regeneration

Long-Length Fiber Optic Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy Probes for On-Line Quality Control of Processed Land Animal Proteins

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Garrido-Varo ◽  
Ana Sánchez-Bonilla ◽  
Francisco Maroto-Molina ◽  
Cecilia Riccioli ◽  
Dolores Pérez-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Fiber Optic Cable ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Dynamic Operating

This research was conducted using a spectral database comprising 346 samples of processed animal proteins (PAPs) with a range of compositions, analyzed using a Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy multichannel instrument (Matrix-F, Bruker Optics) coupled to a 100 m fiber optic cable. Using both its static and dynamic operating modes (on a conveyor belt), simulating the movement of the product in the plant, the predictive capabilities of both modes of analysis were assessed and compared, for the purposes of predicting moisture, protein, and ashes. The results show that both exhibit highly similar degrees of precision and accuracy for predicting these parameters. This research provides a foundation of scientific-technical knowledge, hitherto unknown, regarding the “on-line” incorporation of an instrument (equipped with a 100 m fiber optic cable) into a processing plant of by-products of animal origin.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Almond Biodiesel-Diesel Blends for Diesel Engine in Terms of Performance and Emissions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh ◽  
Khaled A. Alnefaie
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Unburned Fuel

This paper investigates the opportunity of using almond oil as a renewable and alternative fuel source. Different fuel blends containing 10, 30, and 50% almond biodiesel (B10, B30, and B50) with diesel fuel (B0) were prepared and the influence of these blends on emissions and some performance parameters under various load conditions were inspected using a diesel engine. Measured engine performance parameters have generally shown a slight increase in exhaust gas temperature and in brake specific fuel consumption and a slight decrease in brake thermal efficiency. Gases investigated were carbon monoxide (CO) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Furthermore, the concentration of the total particulate and the unburned fuel emissions in the exhaust gas were tested. A blend of almond biodiesel with diesel fuel gradually reduced the engine CO and total particulate emissions compared to diesel fuel alone. This reduction increased with more almond biodiesel blended into the fuel. Finally, a slight increase in engineNOxusing blends of almond biodiesel was measured.

Application of learning to high-speed robotic manipulators

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
A Kirecci ◽  
M J Gilmartin
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Actuator Saturation ◽  
Learning Control ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
On Line ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
On Line Learning

When a desired signal is applied to a servo system it responds in a characteristic fashion and follows the required trajectory with an error. The physical features of the actuators and the gain setting of the controller are the main parameters that determine the response of the system. Controllers with fixed gain values are effective for many conventional processes using slow-speed manipulators. However, there are several cases where the precise tracing of a fast trajectory under different payloads requires more advanced control techniques. When the motion is cyclical, learning control is one advanced technique which is appropriate to use. Depending solely on measurements of data from the preceding cycle, its implementation in real time is both fast and efficient. In practice, however, it has been observed that learning can induce high-frequency ripples on the tuned command curve which with increasing iterations result eventually in the saturation of the system's actuators. In this study, the use of on-line learning control techniques is discussed and a new approach using digital filters is implemented to prevent actuator saturation from occurring when learning is applied. A planar robotic manipulator has been designed and built to investigate the practical problems of learning control, particularly when the system runs at high speeds.

scholarly journals Innovating Healthcare Processes for Speed and Effectiveness

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Maryline Margueritte
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Coordinated Care ◽  
Health Networks ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
On Line ◽  
Human Care ◽  
Innovative Medicine

For several years, health networks have developed devices enabling coordinated care of patients in France, regarding both medical plans as well as medico-psycho-social and human care. Some have developed computerized health records for sharing useful information for the coordination and continuity of care. Since the 2009 hospital reform, cooperative operating modes between health system professionals and users are being installed. The implementation of a health information system permits, on one hand, to ensure the transversality of the business process with the patient and, on the other hand, to measure the results of the medical and economic evolution of a complex system of information. The possibilities offered by new technologies of information and communication enable the development of applications supporting increased "on line" participation for citizens. The "ambulatory approach" exports healthcare outside hospital walls. This is an innovative medicine allowing the patient to stay at his home. In France, this re-engineering is based on four areas: a medical record, a collective ownership by the medical and paramedical professions, empowerment of patients and networking in the health sector.Keywords: Health; Networks; Information System; Innovation; Medicine; Patients; Science.

scholarly journals Close loop optimisation of large CHP based on approximation model

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 01051
Author(s):  
Łukasz Śladewski ◽  
Rafał Wereszczyński ◽  
Jerzy Majchrzak ◽  
Krzysztof Możejko ◽  
Wojciech Bujalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
On Line ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Measurement Validation ◽  
Complex Optimization ◽  
Combustion Optimization ◽  
Refinery Plant ◽  
Correction System

Complex optimization of CHP plants becomes a very important issue in research and implementation, particularly in the context of increasing environmental requirements. The process in industrial CHP plants could be decomposed into several subprocesses, which could be optimized individually using dedicated solutions. The article presents the results of work of complex, multi-modular optimization project of one CHP plant located in petrochemical and refinery plant in Poland. The scope of the project is economical load dispatch optimizer aimed to increase economical profit of CHP operation, combustion optimization for boiler efficiency increase and NOX emission reduction, steam temperature advanced control for improved control quality, sootblowing optimization for reduction of steam demand for sootblowing process. The solution includes also measurement validation and correction system, which is based on data reconciliation algorithm and on-line performance monitoring system.

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