Assessment of Gas Turbine Vibration Monitoring

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lifson ◽  
G. H. Quentin ◽  
A. J. Smalley ◽  
C. L. Knauf
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Monitoring Equipment ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
On Line ◽  
Industry Survey

This paper presents a basis for selecting and justifying vibration monitoring equipment for power-generating gas turbines. Users of industrial gas turbines from utility and petrochemical companies are surveyed; a utility forced outage data base is analyzed; typical vibration limits are presented; and the current capabilities of commercial monitoring systems and vibration transducers are summarized. The industry survey by site visits and questionnaire develops common trends; it itemizes malfunctions that can be successfully identified with appropriate vibration monitoring; it summarizes current practices, benefits, limitations, and operating experience with various transducer types, as applied to harsh gas turbine environments. Vibration limits, trending, and sources of vibration are addressed. Operational factors are considered in planning and cost justifying vibration monitoring systems for a basic trip protection, periodic measurements, and on-line computerized continuous protection. Seventeen case histories and examples illustrate and support these findings. Analysis of the utility-generated data base complements the industry survey; it isolates the contribution of different vibration-related outages for base loaded and peaking units; graphic results break down these outages into duration, man-hours to repair, and frequency of occurrence.

Development of a Case Vibration Measurement System for the DC-990 Gas Turbine

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-939
Author(s):  
H. A. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Field Service ◽  
Service Staff

The continued use of gas turbines in industrial applications and increased customer desires for trend analysis has led gas turbine suppliers to develop sophisticated, reliable, cost-effective vibration monitoring systems. This paper discusses the application of case vibration monitoring systems and the design criteria for each component. Engine installation, transducer mounting brackets, types of transducers, interconnecting cables and connectors, charge amplifiers, and signal conditioning and monitoring are considered. Examples are given of the benefits experienced with the final system in several of Dresser Clark’s engine development programs, by manufacturing and production testing, and by Dresser’s field service staff.

scholarly journals Industrial Gas Turbine Performance: Compressor Fouling and On-Line Washing

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyioghosa Igie ◽  
Pericles Pilidis ◽  
Dimitrios Fouflias ◽  
Kenneth Ramsden ◽  
Panagiotis Laskaridis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

Industrial gas turbines are susceptible to compressor fouling, which is the deposition and accretion of airborne particles or contaminants on the compressor blades. This paper demonstrates the blade aerodynamic effects of fouling through experimental compressor cascade tests and the accompanied engine performance degradation using turbomatch, an in-house gas turbine performance software. Similarly, on-line compressor washing is implemented taking into account typical operating conditions comparable with industry high pressure washing. The fouling study shows the changes in the individual stage maps of the compressor in this condition, the impact of degradation during part-load, influence of control variables, and the identification of key parameters to ascertain fouling levels. Applying demineralized water for 10 min, with a liquid-to-air ratio of 0.2%, the aerodynamic performance of the blade is shown to improve, however most of the cleaning effect occurred in the first 5 min. The most effectively washed part of the blade was the pressure side, in which most of the particles deposited during the accelerated fouling. The simulation of fouled and washed engine conditions indicates 30% recovery of the lost power due to washing.

GSP, a Generic Object-Oriented Gas Turbine Simulation Environment

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried P. J. Visser ◽  
Michael J. Broomhead
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Control Logic ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
On Line ◽  
Turboshaft Engine

NLR’s primary tool for gas turbine engine performance analysis is the ‘Gas turbine Simulation Program’ (GSP), a component based modeling environment. GSP’s flexible object-oriented architecture allows steady-state and transient simulation of any gas turbine configuration using a user-friendly drag&drop interface with on-line help running under Windows95/98/NT. GSP has been used for a variety of applications such as various types of off-design performance analysis, emission calculations, control system design and diagnostics of both aircraft and industrial gas turbines. More advanced applications include analysis of recuperated turboshaft engine performance, lift-fan STOVL propulsion systems, control logic validation and analysis of thermal load calculation for hot section life consumption modeling. In this paper the GSP modeling system and object-oriented architecture are described. Examples of applications for both aircraft and industrial gas turbine performance analysis are presented.

scholarly journals Operating Experience With Type H Industrial Gas Turbines on North Sea Platforms

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
On Line ◽  
Condition Monitoring System ◽  
Typical Component ◽  
Norwegian Continental Shelf

The paper outlines the operating and maintenance experience of the TYPE H industrial gas turbines on 2 of the platforms in the Greater Ekofisk field on the Norwegian continental shelf. Traditional preventive maintenance procedures based on elapsed fired hours are discussed. Availability and reliability statistics are presented. Typical component replacement on inspections is tabulated and comments are given. Finally the author describes an on line, computer supervised, condition monitoring system which is being used and will help replace traditional preventive maintenance with predictive maintenance.

Operating Experience in Refinery Application of the 13MW-Class Heavy Duty MF-111 Gas Turbine Engine

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Masada ◽  
I. Fukue
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
Temperature Levels

A new, 13MW class, heavy duty gas turbine, the “MF-111” was developed for use as a prime mover for cogeneration, combined cycle and repowering applications. The use of such equipment in refineries presents special challenges as regards the combustion of nonstandard fuels, tolerance of industrial environments, and accomodation of site-specific design requirements. Such circumstances add substantially to the tasks of proving and adjusting the design of a new gas turbine, meeting stringent emissions requirements and introducing to the world of industrial gas turbines the benefits of F-class (1250°C burner outlet temperature) levels of thermodynamic performance. This paper describes how these challenges have successfully been met during the three calendar years and ten machine-years of MF-111 refinery-application experience accumulated to-late.

Troubleshooting of Vibration Problems in Gas Turbines With Proximity and Seismic Probes

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padmanabhan Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Pankajkumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Vibration Problems ◽  
Malfunction Diagnosis

Gas Turbines generally have heavy rotors and light casings, and some of them exhibit significant motion between bearing housing and free space. Hence, rotor forces would have higher transmissibility when measured on the bearing housing. This makes casing absolute measurement as bare sufficient for vibration monitoring and protection in Gas Turbines. Most of the Industrial Gas Turbines in field have their acceptable vibration limits defined in velocity units. Typically 1/2 inch per sec 0-pk is referred to as alert set point where as 1 inch per sec 0-pk as danger set point as per ISO-10816-1. However, such casing based measurements many a times doesn’t yield necessary information on what might be going on in the journal bearings, which are having larger clearances with rotor. This also happens when the Gas Turbine does not exhibit significant motion between bearing housing and free space as said by Maalouf [1]. Some typical situations arise in Gas Turbines which might also need shaft relative vibration measurements using proximity probes. This paper discusses some of the experiences of the author in the field of Gas Turbine vibration diagnosis using shaft relative and casing absolute methodology. It explains how shaft relative measurement adds more value to find out the actual malfunction diagnosis when casing measurement data becomes insufficient in such cases.

scholarly journals Programs to Evaluate Gas Turbine Maintenance and Operating Techniques

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. La Stella
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Maintenance Problem ◽  
Repair Techniques

During the early 1970’s, many utilities installed large numbers of gas turbines. At that time, the gas turbine industry was still in comparative infancy, with very little utility operating experience. Consequently, initial operating problems were both unpredictable and monumental. Consolidated Edison Co. installed 44 aircraft derivative and 61 heavy industrial gas turbines totaling 2800 MW of capacity during this period. It is not surprising then, that our Company has experienced almost every type of operating and maintenance problem associated with the use of gas turbines to produce electric generation. Also, since gas turbines are such a significant part of our total generating capacity (approximately 25 percent), we have had a special interest in exploring the capability of these machines to improve the overall operation of our system, beyond present utility practice. The purpose of this paper is to: (a) present our observations and conclusions regarding what we consider to be the industry’s most significant maintenance problem — turbine sulfidation, (b) outline the progress made in the repair techniques of sulfidated blades, and (c) illustrate two unique applications of gas turbines to improve system operation — load frequency control and synchronous reactor operation.

A Comparison Between ORC and Supercritical CO2 Bottoming Cycles For Energy Recovery From Industrial Gas Turbines Exhaust Gas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ancona ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
L. Branchini ◽  
A. De Pascale ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Abstract Gas turbines are often employed in the industrial field, especially for remote generation, typically required by oil and gas production and transport facilities. The huge amount of discharged heat could be profitably recovered in bottoming cycles, producing electric power to help satisfying the onerous on-site energy demand. The present work aims at systematically evaluating thermodynamic performance of ORC and supercritical CO2 energy systems as bottomer cycles of different small/medium size industrial gas turbine models, with different power rating. The Thermoflex software, providing the GT PRO gas turbine library, has been used to model the machines performance. ORC and CO2 systems specifics have been chosen in line with industrial products, experience and technological limits. In the case of pure electric production, the results highlight that the ORC configuration shows the highest plant net electric efficiency. The average increment in the overall net electric efficiency is promising for both the configurations (7 and 11 percentage points, respectively if considering supercritical CO2 or ORC as bottoming solution). Concerning the cogenerative performance, the CO2 system exhibits at the same time higher electric efficiency and thermal efficiency, if compared to ORC system, being equal the installed topper gas turbine model. The ORC scarce performance is due to the high condensing pressure, imposed by the temperature required by the thermal user. CO2 configuration presents instead very good cogenerative performance with thermal efficiency comprehended between 35 % and 46 % and the PES value range between 10 % and 22 %. Finally, analyzing the relationship between capital cost and components size, it is estimated that the ORC configuration could introduce an economical saving with respect to the CO2 configuration.

Development and Integration of the Dual Fuel Combustion System for the MGT Gas Turbine Family

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Ćosić ◽  
Frank Reiss ◽  
Marc Blümer ◽  
Christian Frekers ◽  
Franklin Genin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Supply And Distribution ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Abstract Industrial gas turbines like the MGT6000 are often operated as power supply or as mechanical drives. In these applications, liquid fuels like 'Diesel Fuel No.2' can be used either as main fuel or as backup fuel if natural gas is not reliably available. The MAN Gas Turbines (MGT) operate with the Advanced Can Combustion (ACC) system, which is capable of ultra-low NOx emissions for gaseous fuels. This system has been further developed to provide dry dual fuel capability. In the present paper, we describe the design and detailed experimental validation process of the liquid fuel injection, and its integration into the gas turbine package. A central lance with an integrated two-stage nozzle is employed as a liquid pilot stage, enabling ignition and start-up of the engine on liquid fuel only. The pilot stage is continuously operated, whereas the bulk of the liquid fuel is injected through the premixed combustor stage. The premixed stage comprises a set of four decentralized nozzles based on fluidic oscillator atomizers, wherein atomization of the liquid fuel is achieved through self-induced oscillations. We present results illustrating the spray, hydrodynamic, and emission performance of the injectors. Extensive testing of the burner at atmospheric and full load high-pressure conditions has been performed, before verification within full engine tests. We show the design of the fuel supply and distribution system. Finally, we discuss the integration of the dual fuel system into the standard gas turbine package of the MGT6000.

Pressure Gain Combustion Application to Marine and Industrial Gas Turbines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Snyder ◽  
M. Razi Nalim
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gain Combustion ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Incremental Improvement

Renewed interest in pressure gain combustion applied as a replacement of conventional combustors within gas turbine engines creates the potential for greatly increased capability engines in the marine power market segment. A limited analysis has been conducted to estimate the degree of improvements possible in engine thermal efficiency and specific work for a type of wave rotor device utilizing these principles. The analysis considers a realistic level of component losses. The features of this innovative technology are compared with those of more common incremental improvement types of technology for the purpose of assessing potentials for initial market entry within the marine gas turbine market. Both recuperation and non-recuperation cycles are analyzed. Specific fuel consumption improvements in excess of 35% over those of a Brayton cycle are indicated. The technology exhibits the greatest percentage potential in improving efficiency for engines utilizing relatively low or moderate mechanical compression pressure ratios. Specific work increases are indicated to be of an equally dramatic magnitude. The advantages of the pressure gain combustion approach are reviewed as well as its technology development status.

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