The Development Study of a Centrifuging Technique for Oilfield Production Pit Closure

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Osterman ◽  
A. K. Wojtanowicz ◽  
S. D. Field
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Force ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Cake Discharge ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Solids Removal ◽  
Differential Speed

A full-scale study was performed of a centrifuge-based process for dewatering oilfield production waste sludges in order to investigate an application of the process to an oilfield production pit closure. Full-scale experiments were performed to analyze the centrifugal sedimentation of both raw and chemically destablized production pit sludge. The two-stage process was tested: primary solids removal by centrifugal classification followed by chemical conditioning and dewatering. Also, full-scale tests were run to understand the effects of the fundamental centrifuging parameters (the bowl-scroll differential speed and the centrifugal force) on the composition and quality of the dewatering products. The concentration of metals in the production pit sludge, before and after dewatering, was analyzed in terms of the present environmental regulations. The removal of heavy metals from the centrifuge overflow was also evaluated. This study provided qualitative information on how to design an on-site, centrifuge-based system for oilfield production pits closure. The system yielded up to 60 percent volume reduction, the solids-free effluent, and the low-moisture (42 percent vol.) cake discharge. The side-product of the process was an oily, low-solids emulsion (skim layer). The study revealed a technique for minimizing the skim layer through a compromise between the centrifugal force and the differential speed.

THE RULE OF COMBINING A PRIORI AND EXPERIMENTAL INFORMATION IN THE TASKS OF MANAGING TESTS OF COMPLEX TECHNICAL PRODUCTS ACCORDING TO THE BERNOULLI SCHEME

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Buryak ◽  
A. A. Skrynnikov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Testing Complex ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Technical Products

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the procedure for testing complex technical systems to assess the probability of performing the task, taking into account a priori data obtained from the results of modeling, field tests of components and prototypes, operation of analogues, etc. The conditions for the formation of a combined sample consisting of field experiments and experiments counted on the results of modeling are justified. Data uniformity is checked using the Student's criterion. The minimum volume of full-scale tests is determined by the requirement of equality of the amount of Fischer information about the estimated parameter obtained during full-scale tests and at the expense of a priori data A strategy for conducting field experiments is proposed, in which the required quality of evaluating the probability of completing the task is achieved with the minimum possible number of field experiments. At the first stage, a series of experiments with a volume equal to half of the required sample size is performed. At the second stage, the experiments are conducted sequentially with an assessment after each experiment of the requirements for the amount of information about the evaluated parameter and for the uniformity of data. Experiments are terminated when the specified requirements are met, and then a combined sample is formed, which is used to evaluate the probability of the system performing the task. A model example is considered. The estimation of the gain in the number of experiments performed at different probability values was carried out.

Disinfection of tertiary wastewater effluent prior to river discharge using peracetic acid; treatment efficiency and results on by-products formed in full scale tests

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1852-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Overgaard Pedersen ◽  
Erling Brodersen ◽  
David Cecil
Keyword(s):  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
P Removal

This is an investigation of chemical disinfection, with peracetic acid (PAA), in a tertiary sand filter at a full scale activated sludge plant with nitrification/denitrification and P-removal. The reduction efficiency of Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci in the sand filter is reported. E. coli log reductions of between 0.4 and 2.2 were found with contact times from 6 to 37 min and with dosing from 0 to 4.8 mg L−1. The average log reduction was 1.3. The decomposition products, bromophenols, chlorophenols and formaldehyde and residual H2O2 were measured before and after the sand filter. The residual H2O2 concentration in the effluent was critical at short contact times and high dosages of PAA due to the discharge limit of 25 μg L−1. The other three products could not be detected at 0.1 μg L−1 levels. The chemical cost of PAA dosing is estimated to be 0.039 US$ m−3 treated wastewater.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE DIFFRACTION EFFICIENCY OF SPECKLE INTERFEROGRAMS BY SELECTING A METHOD OF MANIFESTATION AND DEVELOPER FOR PRACTICAL USE IN EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Nyan Min Htet Min Htet ◽  
Igor Valentinovich Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Diffraction Efficiency ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Holographic Interferometry ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Concentration Zone ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Selection Of

This article presents a qualitatively new developed technology of out-of-band registration of speckle holograms in the study of deformations in the concentration zone on samples with holes. Summary. One of the most important aspects of speckle-holographic interferometry is the quality of the resulting speckle-hologram, which largely determines its diffraction efficiency. In this case, the improvement of diffraction efficiency in solving practical problems is carried out through the selection of the developer of photographic plates, the installation of a certain exposure time and the choice of methods for processing photographic plates. However, in practice, there are often problems of obtaining the maximum diffraction efficiency of holograms. We made a choice of developer, exposure time, as well as methods of photo processing of speckle holograms in colliding beams in the process of practical experiment. Practical significance. The technology of out-of-band registration of speckle holograms described in the article can be used in the process of research of SSS of full-scale aircraft structures in areas of stress concentration, as well as their detection during industrial full-scale tests.

Two Typical Cases Analysis of Casing Connection Pullout

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 1651-1655
Author(s):  
Zhi Yong Pan ◽  
Chun Feng ◽  
Hua Jia Zhang ◽  
Dong Feng Li ◽  
Peng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Dimension Measurement ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Macroscopic Analysis ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Research on a round thread casing connection pullout case and a buttress thread casing connection pullout accident was carried out combining relative theorys with tests. Macroscopic analysis and dimension measurement and material’s physical and chemical properties were checked for casings and couplings. Thread inspection and full-scale tests were done for casing simples that are same lot with pullout casing. Comprehensive analysis was carried out on these results. Two cases history showed that casing connection dropout may take place if make-up location cann’t reach standard location or make-up torque is too little even if the quality of casing and coupling are in accordance with corresponding standards.

Enhanced coagulation for improvement of water quality in full-scale water treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
J. Yin ◽  
Z.S. Liu ◽  
T.J. Wang ◽  
K. Zhao ◽  
Y.B. Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Enhanced Coagulation ◽  
Full Scale Tests

Full-scale tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of enhanced coagulation for improving water quality by increasing dosage and adding coagulant aid. As a result, enhanced coagulation by increasing dosage of PAC or adding activated silicate can increase water supply quality of old processes. But it cannot be taken for granted that single changing dosage or adding coagulant aid is a long-term technology for improving water quality, due to cost and other multi-barrier approaches.

Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Kelurahan Setelah Pemekaran Di Tangerang Selatan

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Pitri Yandri
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Hospitality Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cartesian Diagram ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze public perception on urban services before and after the expansion of the region, (2) analyze the level of people's satisfaction with urban services, and (3) analyze the determinants of the variables that determine what level of people's satisfaction urban services. This study concluded that first, after the expansion, the quality of urban services in South Tangerang City is better than before. Secondly, however, public satisfaction with the services only reached 48.53% (poor scale). Third, by using a Cartesian Diagram, the second priority that must be addressed are: (1) clarity of service personnel, (2) the discipline of service personnel, (3) responsibility for care workers; (4) the speed of service, (5) the ability of officers services, (6) obtain justice services, and (7) the courtesy and hospitality workers.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

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