Characteristics of Digging Depth With Air-Bubble Water Jet

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
M. Ohnishi ◽  
T. Miyamoto ◽  
R. Arioka
Keyword(s):  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Air Bubble ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Content Ratio ◽  
Submarine Cables

For burying submarine cables under a seabed by a water jet cable burier, it is important to improve digging depth of water jet. This paper discusses digging properties with air-bubble water jet, and clarifies the relation between digging depth and water jet parameters such as traverse speed of nozzle Vn (m/s), air content ratio C, and jet momentum per unit time M (N). It is found from experiment results that the digging depth H* (m) is represented by H*=(1+0.26C0.65)(10.31−4.54Vn)M0.44×10−2.

Prediction of Oxygen Transfer Rates from Simple Measurements of Bubble Characteristics

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 1941-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Pöpel ◽  
M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Absorption Method ◽  
Air Bubble ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
Bubble Characteristics

The oxygen transfer rate (OTR) in tap water is generally determined by the instationary absorption method, a precise but rather time consuming and tedious method. Moreover, large quantities of sodium sulfite and water are used in practice when testing aeration equipment in larger tanks. Therefore, a model is proposed by which the oxygen transfer rate can be calculated on the basis of simple and rapid measurements of the air bubble size and its distribution and of the total air content in the water applying a recently developed technique. The accuracy of this method is checked by the absorption method and can be rated as reasonable (0 to 13 % deviation). Greater accuracy is obtained at smaller bubbles (<3 mm) and improvements in this respect are proposed. The proposed method of calculating the OTR from air bubble measurements is considered as a potential improvement of the usual absorption method. Due to its still lower accuracy it can be used at present only in conjunction with the latter method, reducing its chemical and water consumption.

Effect of Process Parameters on Depth of Penetration & Surface Roughness in Abrasive Waterjet Cutting of Copper

2019 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
Keshav Kashyap ◽  
S. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Depth Of Penetration

This study evaluates the effect of process parameters on depth of penetration and surface roughness in abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting of copper. Full factorial experiments are carried out on trapezoidal blocks for each of the three abrasive particle sizes used. Experimental parameters - abrasive mass flow rate, water jet pressure and traverse speed are varied at three levels. Main effects and contributions of process parameters to depth of penetration and surface roughness is calculated. From the data, it is observed that, high abrasive mass flow rate, high water jet pressure and low traverse speed resulted in higher depth of penetration and a high abrasive mass flow rate, high water jet pressure and low traverse speed resulted in lesser Ra value. Using experimental data a statistical model for predicting depth of penetration & surface roughness is developed. Error between experimental and statistical values are compared to validate the statistical model. The maximum DOP of 49.32mm was observed at AMFR=405.4 g/min, P=300 MPa, TS=60 mm/min, MS=60 Mesh and minimum DOP of 4.27mm was observed at AMFR=200 g/min, P=100 MPa, TS=90 mm/min, MS=80 Mesh.

A study on kerf characteristics of hybrid aluminium 7075 metal matrix composites machined using abrasive water jet machining technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
KSK Sasikumar ◽  
KP Arulshri ◽  
K Ponappa ◽  
M Uthayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet Machining ◽  
Kerf Angle ◽  
Scanning Electron

Metal matrix composites are difficult to machine in traditional machining methods. Abrasive water jet machining is a state-of-the art technology which enables machining of practically all engineering materials. This article deals with the investigation on optimization of process parameters of abrasive water jet machining of hybrid aluminium 7075 metal matrix composites with 5%, 10% and 15% of TiC and B4C (equal amount of each) reinforcement. The kerf characteristics such as kerf top width, kerf angle and surface roughness were studied against the abrasive water jet machining process parameters, namely, water jet pressure, jet traverse speed and standoff distance. Contribution of these parameters on responses was determined by analysis of variance. Regression models were obtained for kerf characteristics. Contribution of traverse speed was found to be more than other parameters in affecting top kerf width. Water jet pressure influenced more in affecting kerf angle and surface finish. The microstructures of machined surfaces were also analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The scanning electron microscopy investigations exposed the plastic deformation cutting of hybrid 7075 aluminium metal matrix composite. X-ray diffraction analysis results proved the non-entrapment of abrasive particle on the machined surface.

Adaptation des procédés stéréologiques à la mesure des bulles d'air et des fissures dans le béton

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Houde ◽  
Serge Meilleur
Keyword(s):  
Crack Density ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Air Bubble ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Projected Length ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Plastic Concrete ◽  
Image Analyser ◽  
Bubble Sizes

Mathematical morphometry is the science of classifying forms through parameters such as length, area, perimeter, and projected length. Image analysers have been built to measure these parameters rapidly. Stereological equations are used to define three-dimensional characteristics from elementary count operations made in a plane.These techniques were used to characterize the air bubble system of six different concretes. All measurements were made on polished sections with a linear traverse apparatus as well as with an image analyser. The precision of the data obtained is about equal with both measuring techniques. The image analyser was able to measure the air content and the spacing factor in one-eighth of the time necessary for a linear traverse; moreover, histograms of the bubble sizes were readily available.Measurements of cracks caused by early freezing of plastic concrete made on the linear traverse apparatus, coupled with total porosity measurements by the image analyser, were used to relate the decrease of compressive strength to the increased crack density.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS ON THE AWJ PROCESS PERFORMANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Simona-Nicoleta Mazurchevici ◽  
◽  
Ramona Iuliana Popa ◽  
Daniel Mărguță ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Abrasive Material

The present study aims to perform a comparative analysis of the technological parameters influence on the output parameters for two biodegradable polymeric materials, Arbofill Fichte and Arboblend V2 Nature. The varied input parameters during abrasive water jet cuuting (AWJ) were water jet pressure, traverse speed and abrasive material flow. The quantitative and qualitative output parameters proposed are the amount of material removed (MR) and the inclination angle - α° of the resulted surfaces. The measured MR and α° values highlighted the fact that they fall within the admissible parameters, so that the obtained parts by cutting the Arbofill Fichte and Arboblend V2 Nature samples can be used in industrial applications that require this type of processing and more. Was also achieved the optimization of the technological parameters used for processing according to the next criteria: minimum inclination angle and minimum amount of material removed.

scholarly journals Impact of Preparation of Titanium Alloys on Their Abrasive Water Jet Machining

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7768
Author(s):  
Adam Štefek ◽  
Martin Tyč
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Niti Alloy ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet Machining ◽  
Declination Angle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Awj Cutting

Several titanium alloys, i.e., grade 2 Ti, Ti6Al4V and NiTi alloy, prepared by selected deformation procedures were subjected to abrasive water jet (AWJ) cutting and subsequently analysed. The study describes samples’ preparations and respective material structures. The impact of deformation processing of the selected alloys on the declination angle during cutting, and the results of measurements of surface wall quality performed for the selected samples at the Department of Physics of Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at VŠB–Technical University of Ostrava, are presented and discussed, as are also the influences of structural features of the processed titanium alloys on surface qualities of the investigated samples. The results showed that the highest resistance to AWJ machining exhibited the Ti6Al4V alloy prepared by forward extrusion. Its declination angle (recalculated to the thickness 10 mm to compare all the studied samples) was 12.33° at the traverse speed of 100 mm/min, pumping pressure of 380 MPa, and abrasive mass flow rate of 250 g/min.

scholarly journals Investigations on Water Jet Peening of AZ31B Mg Alloy for Bio Medical Implants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mugilvalavan Mohan ◽  
Muruganandhan Radhakrishnan ◽  
Yuvaraj Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Electrochemical Test

Abstract Among different unconventional peening technique, water jet is cold working process has capable to produce surface topography on wide variety of materials. This paper deals with the effect of water jet peening on the corrosion resistance and the surface topography of AZ31B Mg alloy. Variations in water jet peening variables including standoff distance, traverse speed and multiple passes have been employed in this study. A study of the enhancement in hardening and roughening effect was made following the peening process. 29.44% Improvements in microhardness and 31.06% reduction in surface roughness were observed on the peened surfaces. Optimal peened surface was obtained through use of the multi-objective optimization technique, namely, TOPSIS, which utilizes response variables such as micro hardness and surface roughness. In this study, Surface Topography, XRD Analysis and Electrochemical test were conducted. In addition, analysis of the Microstructure of corroded region was made in the unpeened and optimized peened surfaces. Surface topography parameters including Sa, Sq, SSk, Sku results confirmed the suitability of the peened surface for ooseointegration and cell growth. FWHM value measured from XRD peaks showed the formation of grain refinement on the peened surface, and the results showed promising improvements in the corrosion resistance compared to the unpeened AZ31B Mg alloy.

MODELING AND MULTI-RESPONSE OPTIMIZATION OF ABRASIVE WATER JET MACHINING USING ANN COUPLED WITH NSGA-II

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABHIMANYU K. CHANDGUDE ◽  
SHIVPRAKASH B. BARVE
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Abrasive Water Jet Machining ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

This paper aims to develop a predictive model and optimize the performance of the abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) during machining of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) epoxy laminates composite through a unique approach of artificial neural network (ANN) linked with the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Initially, 80 AWJM experimental runs were carried out to generate the data set to train and test the ANN model. During the experimentation, the stand-off distance (SOD), water pressure, traverse speed and abrasive mass flow rate (AMFR) were selected as input AWJM variables and the average surface roughness and kerf width were considered as response variables. The established ANN model predicted the response variable with mean square error of 0.0027. Finally, the ANN coupled NSGA-II algorithm was applied to determine the optimum AWJM input parameters combinations based on multiple objectives.

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