Parameters on Fracture Strength of Sea Ice

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Urabe ◽  
A. Yoshitake ◽  
T. Iwasaki ◽  
M. Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Beam Specimen ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Brackish Ice

Compressive crushing strength on brackish ice and sea ice and fracture toughness value on sea ice were measured as parameters associated with fracture strength of ice. The compressive crushing strength depends on salinity, temperature and strain rate. At constant salinity and temperature, the strength increased with increase in strain rate and reached maximum value at about a strain rate of 10−3 s−1, then decreased with increase in strain rate. An empirical equation to estimate the compressive crushing strength was derived as a function of brine volume, temperature and strain rate. As far as fracture toughness is concerned, a simplified test procedure on notched cantilever beam specimen was developed in order to avoid complicated manipulation in field conditions. The fracture toughness value (KIC) coincided well with the value obtained from fracture toughness tests conducted in conformity with the standard test method.

Theoretical Underpinning of the Constraint Effect Between Deeply Cracked C(T)- and SEN(B) Specimens

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Reference Temperature ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Reference Solution ◽  
Constraint Effect ◽  
Local Approach ◽  
Transition Range ◽  
Weibull Stress

In the standard test method for the determination of the reference temperature T0 in the transition range, ASTM E 1921-03 [1], the remark is given that different specimen types could lead to discrepancies in the calculated T0 values. Especially C(T) and SEN(B) specimens indicate by experimental evidence that a 10 °C to 15 °C difference in T0 has been observed. In the course of the European research project VOCALIST [2] a ferritic RPV steel has been investigated by conducting numerous fracture toughness experiments as well as intensive numerical studies. A local approach model based on the Weibull stress has been developed and calibrated for this material [3]. For the calculation of the constraint effect between SEN(B) and C(T) specimens with a crack to ligament ratio of approx. 0.5 the model has been applied to predict the constraint effects on fracture toughness and the resulting theoretical difference in the reference temperature T0. For this purpose the according specimens have been calculated by several finite element models and a reference solution in the small scale yielding space allowed for the calculation of the “constraint free” reference transition temperature T0. By means of theoretical constraint functions derived from the Weibull stress model, the difference for each specimen compared to the reference solution could be calculated. From the results a theoretical difference of ΔT0 = 10°C between SEN(B) (lower value) and C(T) specimens (higher value) caused by the different crack tip constraint has been obtained. This value confirms the experimental observations.

Comparison of Master Curve and Statistical Model Approach for Prediction of Fracture Toughness of ASTM A285 Steel

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Subramanian ◽  
Andrew J. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Master Curve ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Transition Range ◽  
American Society

The master curve approach was utilized to compare fracture toughness of American Society for Testing of Materials (ASTM) A285 as developed from Charpy v-notch (CVN) data and predictive statistical models. The master curves for each of the data sets were developed in accordance with American Society for Testing Materials Specification E 1921 (ASTM E1921, “Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range”), as prescribed by American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practice 579 (API-579, “Fitness for Service”). The results indicate that predictive statistical models developed from compact tension test results express a lower fracture toughness distribution when compared to CVN data.

Current Activities for Standardization of Test Method for Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Thermal Spray Coatings in Japan

2013 ◽  
Vol 577-578 ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Masayuki Arai ◽  
Yasuhiro Yamazaki ◽  
Masato Suzuki ◽  
Yukio Miyashita ◽  
H. Waki
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Thermal Spray ◽  
Indentation Test ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Interfacial Fracture ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Interfacial Fracture Toughness ◽  
Spray Coatings

Collaborative research has been conducted by the Japan Thermal Spray Society (JTSS) to establish a standard test method for evaluating the interfacial fracture toughness of thermal sprayed coatings, including thermal barrier coatings. The test method is based upon the indentation test method utilizing a conventional Vickers hardness test machine. In this committee, round robin tests were performed to check differences in the evaluated results among collaborators. This paper reports on the progress of such activity in Japan.

Direct Use of the Fracture Toughness Master Curve in ASME Code, Section XI, Applications

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Server ◽  
Russ Cipolla
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Master Curve ◽  
Potential Problem ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Alternative Index ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Technical Basis ◽  
Direct Use

The ASME Code, Section XI, has adopted the indirect use of the fracture toughness Master Curve to define an alternative index (RTT0) rather than RTNDT for using the Code KIC and KIa curves in Appendices A and G. RTT0 is defined as T0 + 19.7°C (T0 + 35°F), where T0 is the Master Curve reference temperature as defined in ASTM Standard Test Method E 1921. This alternative approach was first approved in ASME Code Case N-629 for Section XI and Code Case N-631 for Section III. Most recently this approach has been integrated directly into the Code, Section XI, and will be published in the 2013 Edition. When this alternative indexing approach was developed, it was recognized that the direct use of the Master Curve itself also could be used as an alternative to the Code KIC curve. A Code Case for the direct use of the fracture toughness Master Curve has been developed and has been presented to Section XI for approval. This paper provides the technical basis for using the fracture toughness Master Curve as an alternative to the Section XI KIC curve. An adjustment to the Master Curve at very low temperatures is included which alleviates a potential problem for low temperature overpressure (LTOP) protection setpoints as would be determined using the existing Code KIC curve.

Smoke Release Rates: Modified Smoke Chamber versus Cone Calorimeter-Comparison of Results

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Electrical Cable ◽  
Standard Test Method ◽  
Smoke Chamber ◽  
Flooring Materials

In North America, some of the products used in building con struction (e.g., resilient floor coverings, carpets and electrical cable) are regulated using ASTM E 662 Standard Test Method for Specific Optical Den sity of Smoke Generated by Solid Materials. However, technical shortcomings, in this ASTM standard, as symbolized by its many limitations on use, cau tionary statements and caveats, often renders results of E 662 smoke density tests meaningless. In recent years, many leading fire scientists have suggested that the small-scale laboratory test most proficient in illustrating the propen sity of materials to release smoke in larger fires is ASTM E 1354 Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter (cone calorimeter), and as a result this test procedure has been suggested as an alternative to E 662. Modifica tions were made to the smoke chamber and the procedure for reporting the resulting data so that static smoke generation data produced with the smoke chamber could be related to dynamic smoke release rate data from cone calorimeter tests. The values for peak extinction area for smoke released by four flooring materials (Douglas fir plywood, oak lumber, carpet and resilient flooring) as determined using the modified smoke chamber method were ap proximately one-half the values obtained from the cone calorimeter. However, when specified time intervals were considered, the values for specific extinction area were approximately equal by these two procedures. This suggests that values for specific extinction area are independent of the irradiance to which samples were exposed.

Effect of Annealing on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Mo3Si-Mo5Si3 Eutectic

2004 ◽  
Vol 449-452 ◽  
pp. 697-700
Author(s):  
Hai Bo Yang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Ai Dang Shan ◽  
Jian Sheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Eutectic Alloy ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Beam Specimen ◽  
Single Edge ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties

The microstructures and mechanical properties of arc-melting processed Mo3Si-Mo5Si3 eutectic have been investigated. The Vickers hardness of Mo3Si-Mo5Si3 eutectic alloy at room temperature is on the order of 1350Hv. The fracture toughness value of the alloy at room temperature is 1.39MPam1/2 measured by Single edge-notched beam specimen technique and 1.61MPam1/2 measured by Indentation technique. The compressive strengths at 1300 oC and 1400 oC under a strain rate of 10-4s-1 are about 550MPa and 300MPa respectively.

scholarly journals Fracture toughness of CTBN modified PF particleboard based on equal deflection rigidity

2019 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Haiyang Zhang ◽  
Qin Qu ◽  
Yang He
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Internal Bonding ◽  
Fracture Test ◽  
Single Edge ◽  
Fracture Performance

The fracture toughness of particleboard should be evaluated when it was intended to use in the structure system. Single edge notched beam (SENB) test method was employed to measure stress intensity factor (SIF) of the internal middle layer of the PF and CTBN modified PF particleboard. Equal deflection rigidity algorithm (EDRA) was used to homogenized the sandwich bi-material beam in order to make the test procedure match ASTM E399-2017. The results shown that the optimized CTBN addition was among 8% to 12% and the improve ratio of SIF of the particleboard middle layer was 27.27 %. Owing to the different broken mechanism, the tested fracture performance show more stability compared to the traditional internal bonding (IB) test. But the fracture test strongly depend on the notched incision morphology.

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