Dust and Sand Protection for Marine Gas Turbines

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Caskey
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Electrical Generator ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion ◽  
System Designs ◽  
Generator Gas ◽  
The U.S

The newest ship class to enter the U.S. Navy (USN) fleet is the DDG-993 KIDD Class guided missile destroyer. The lead ship of the Class, delivered March 1981, incorporates the main features of the DD 963 Class hull and main propulsion system designs. Originally ordered by the Imperial Iranian Navy (IIN), the ship design also incorporates unique features for protection from dust and sand. The ventilation ducting, deck machinery, and gas turbine combustion air all required modifications to protect against damage due to the expected Persian Gulf environment. This paper will outline the hardware changes considered necessary to meet the requirements for satisfactory IIN performance for the propulsion and electrical generator gas turbines.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Fault Detection Methods for Gas Turbine Combustion Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Jinfu Liu ◽  
Zhenhua Long ◽  
Mingliang Bai ◽  
Linhai Zhu ◽  
Daren Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion

As one of the core components of gas turbines, the combustion system operates in a high-temperature and high-pressure adverse environment, which makes it extremely prone to faults and catastrophic accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the combustion system to detect in a timely way whether its performance has deteriorated, to improve the safety and economy of gas turbine operation. However, the combustor outlet temperature is so high that conventional sensors cannot work in such a harsh environment for a long time. In practical application, temperature thermocouples distributed at the turbine outlet are used to monitor the exhaust gas temperature (EGT) to indirectly monitor the performance of the combustion system, but, the EGT is not only affected by faults but also influenced by many interference factors, such as ambient conditions, operating conditions, rotation and mixing of uneven hot gas, performance degradation of compressor, etc., which will reduce the sensitivity and reliability of fault detection. For this reason, many scholars have devoted themselves to the research of combustion system fault detection and proposed many excellent methods. However, few studies have compared these methods. This paper will introduce the main methods of combustion system fault detection and select current mainstream methods for analysis. And a circumferential temperature distribution model of gas turbine is established to simulate the EGT profile when a fault is coupled with interference factors, then use the simulation data to compare the detection results of selected methods. Besides, the comparison results are verified by the actual operation data of a gas turbine. Finally, through comparative research and mechanism analysis, the study points out a more suitable method for gas turbine combustion system fault detection and proposes possible development directions.

scholarly journals Combined Gas Turbine and Diesel Generator Cooling Air Intake System

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Yee ◽  
Alan Oswald
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
The U.S

A new generation of auxiliary ships to enter the U.S. Navy (USN) fleet is the AOE-6 SUPPLY CLASS. These fast combat support ships conduct operations at sea as part of a Carrier Battle group to provide oil, aviation fuel, and ammunition to the carrier and her escorts. The SUPPLY CLASS is the first ship in the entire USN fleet to use a combined gas turbine and diesel generator cooling air intake system to cool its respective engine modules. The cooling air intake was designed this way to save on costs. As the ships in this class continued with operations and problems of insufficient supply of cooling air for the gas turbines modules started surfacing, the entire intake system required investigation and analysis. Since the gas turbines and diesel generators share a common cooling air trunk, they were competing for air. This paper will outline the tests that were performed to determine the problems, the recommended solutions, and the lessons learned from the investigations.

Validation of Advanced Computational Methods for Determining Flame Transfer Functions in Gas Turbine Combustion Systems

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kostrzewa ◽  
Berthold Noll ◽  
Manfred Aigner ◽  
Joachim Lepers ◽  
Werner Krebs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Identification ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion ◽  
Combustion Systems ◽  
Combustion Processes ◽  
Gas Turbine Burner

The operation envelope of modern gas turbines is affected by thermoacoustically induced combustion oscillations. The understanding and development of active and passive means for their suppression is crucial for the design process and field introduction of new gas turbine combustion systems. Whereas the propagation of acoustic sound waves in gas turbine combustion systems has been well understood, the flame induced acoustic source terms are still a major topic of investigation. The dynamics of combustion processes can be analyzed by means of flame transfer functions which relate heat release fluctuations to velocity fluctuations caused by a flame. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and to validate a novel computational approach to reconstruct flame transfer functions based on unsteady excited RANS simulations and system identification. Resulting time series of velocity and heat release are then used to reconstruct the flame transfer function by application of a system identification method based on Wiener-Hopf formulation. CFD/SI approach has been applied to a typical gas turbine burner. 3D unsteady simulations have been performed and the flame transfer results have been validated by comparison to experimental data. In addition the method has been benchmarked to results obtained from sinusoidal excitations.

Advanced Materials for Mercury™ 50 Gas Turbine Combustion System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Price ◽  
Josh Kimmel ◽  
Xiaoqun Chen ◽  
Arun Bhattacharya ◽  
Anthony Fahme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Ods Alloys ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion

Solar Turbines Incorporated (Solar), under cooperative agreement number DE-FC26-00CH 11049, is improving the durability of gas turbine combustion systems while reducing life cycle costs. This project is part of the Advanced Materials in Advanced Industrial Gas Turbines program in DOE’s Office of Distributed Energy. The targeted engine is the Mercury™ 50 gas turbine, which was developed by Solar under the DOE Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) program (DOE contract number DE-FC21-95MC31173). The ultimate goal of the program is to demonstrate a fully integrated Mercury 50 combustion system, modified with advanced materials technologies, at a host site for 4,000 hours. The program has focused on a dual path development route to define an optimum mix of technologies for the Mercury 50 turbine and future Solar products. For liner and injector development, multiple concepts including high thermal resistance thermal barrier coatings (TBC), oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys, continuous fiber ceramic composites (CFCC), and monolithic ceramics were evaluated. An advanced TBC system for the combustor was down-selected for field evaluation. ODS alloys were down-selected for the fuel injector tip application. Preliminary component and sub-scale testing was conducted to determine material properties and demonstrate proof-of-concept. Full-scale rig and engine testing were used to validate engine performance prior to field evaluation. Field evaluation of ceramic matrix composite liners in the Centaur® 50 gas turbine engine [1–3] which was previously conducted under the DOE sponsored Ceramic Stationary Gas Turbine program (DE-AC02-92CE40960), is continuing under this program. This paper is a status review of the program, detailing the current progress of the development and field evaluations.

Syngas Capable Combustion Systems Development for Advanced Gas Turbines

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Gadde ◽  
Jianfan Wu ◽  
Anil Gulati ◽  
Gerry McQuiggan ◽  
Berthold Koestlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
The U.S

In the age of volatile and ever increasing natural gas fuel prices, strict new emission regulations and technological advancements, modern IGCC plants are the answer to growing market demands for efficient and environmentally friendly power generation. IGCC technology allows the use of low cost opportunity fuels, such as coal, of which there is a more than a 200-year supply in the U.S., and refinery residues, such as petroleum coke and residual oil. Future IGCC plants are expected to be more efficient and have a potential to be a lower cost solution to future CO2 and mercury regulations compared to the direct coal fired steam plants. Siemens has more than 300,000 hours of successful IGCC plant operational experience on a variety of heavy duty gas turbine models in Europe and the U.S. The gas turbines involved range from SGT5-2000E to SGT6-3000E (former designations are shown on Table 1). Future IGCC applications will extend this experience to the SGT5-4000F and SGT6-4000F/5000F/6000G gas turbines. In the currently operating Siemens’ 60 Hz fleet, the SGT6-5000F gas turbine has the most operating engines and the most cumulative operating hours. Over the years, advancements have increased its performance and decreased its emissions and life cycle costs without impacting reliability. Development has been initiated to verify its readiness for future IGCC application including syngas combustion system testing. Similar efforts are planned for the SGT6-6000G and SGT5-4000F/SGT6-4000F models. This paper discusses the extensive development programs that have been carried out to demonstrate that target emissions and engine operability can be achieved on syngas operation in advanced F-class 50 Hz and 60 Hz gas turbine based IGCC applications.

scholarly journals Combustion of LCV Coal Derived Fuel Gas for High Temperature, Low Emissions Gas Turbines in the British Coal Topping Cycle

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Kelsall ◽  
M. A. Smith ◽  
H. Todd ◽  
M. J. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion ◽  
Topping Cycle

Advanced coal based power generation systems such as the British Coal Topping Cycle offer the potential for high efficiency electricity generation with minimum environmental impact. An important component of the Topping Cycle programme is the development of a gas turbine combustion system to burn low calorific value (3.5–4.0 MJ/m3 wet gross) coal derived fuel gas, at a turbine inlet temperature of 1260°C, with minimum pollutant emissions. The paper gives an overview of the British Coal approach to the provision of a gas turbine combustion system for the British Coal Topping Cycle, which includes both experimental and modelling aspects. The first phase of this programme is described, including the design and operation of a low-NOx turbine combustor, operating at an outlet temperature of 1360°C and burning a synthetic low calorific value (LCV) fuel gas, containing 0 to 1000 ppmv of ammonia. Test results up to a pressure of 8 bar are presented and the requirements for further combustor development outlined.

A Novel COGAG Propulsion System for Marine Ships

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhong Xu ◽  
Xueyou Wen ◽  
Ningbo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Cross Connection

Considering the increasing development of naval destroyers and the obvious advantages of marine gas turbine, this paper designs a novel COGAG (Combined Gas-turbine And Gas-turbine) propulsion system which mainly consists of four GT25 marine gas turbines and one CCG (Cross Connection Gears) for the large destroyer. Firstly, the overall configuration and key devices of COGAG propulsion system are introduced briefly. Then, the typical operating patterns of COGAG propulsion system under different condition are discussed in detail. Finally, many experimental information are further presented. All the results show that the developed COGAG propulsion system not only has higher flexibility and reliability, but also can effectively improve the fuel economy of marine ships.

The Treatment of Marine Heavy Fuels for Gas Turbine Combustion

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Cullen ◽  
T. A. Urbas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Fuel Treatment ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion ◽  
Heavy Fuels ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine

The resurgence of interest in the heavy duty gas turbine for marine use is due in a large part to its ability to burn residual and crude fuels. Generalities involving fuel treatment requirements have been bandied about for years and often the wrong information is used by unknowledgeable individuals when making quotations or bid evaluations. The purpose of this paper is to present firm information on the treatment of marine fuels for heavy duty gas turbines.

Staged Combustion System for Improved Emissions Operability and Flexibility for 7HA Class Heavy Duty Gas Turbine Engine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Karim ◽  
Jayaprakash Natarajan ◽  
Venkat Narra ◽  
Jun Cai ◽  
Shreekrishna Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Engine Test ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Operational Flexibility ◽  
Staged Combustion ◽  
Combustion Dynamics ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustion

Driven by global warming, a relentless march towards increased fuel efficiency has resulted in increased firing temperature for HA-class engines without an increase in baseload emissions. Moreover, emissions compliance for CO, NOx, and unburned hydrocarbons are desired over increased range in gas turbine load. In addition, exceptional gas turbine operational flexibility is desired to address potential intermittency due to the penetration of renewables in the electrical grid. Staged/sequential combustion is a state of the technology to provide operational flexibility and reduced emissions in power generation gas turbines. GE Power’s 7HA-class gas turbine combustion system combines GE’s proven DLN-2.6+ combustion technology, that has run reliably for over 1.3 million fired hours across more than eighty 9FA.03, 9F.05 & 7FA gas turbine engines, with an axially fuel staged system (AFS). Axially staging combustion to two zones allows for increased firing temperature at baseload (while maintaining the same NOx level) by operating the later/second stage hotter than the first/primary stage. During low load operation as the gas turbine firing temperature is reduced, percentage fuel split in the staged fuel system can either be reduced significantly or turned off and thereby keeping the overall combustion system into emissions compliance over a wider range of firing temperatures. This paper presents both the development testing of the staged combustion in the FA and HA class gas turbine combustion system rigs at GE Power’s Gas Turbine Technology Laboratory and the validation testing of staged combustion system for the 7HA.01 engine completed during Spring 2016 at GE Power’s engine test facility in Greenville, SC. The paper also discusses the significant simplification of operational principle and flexibility of startup, loading and baseload operation of the 7HA combustion system. Discussion of engine test results will show how axial fuel staging was utilized to demonstrate emissions compliance ( NOx (15% O2) < 25 ppm; CO < 9 ppm), operation from 14% load to 100% load with low combustion dynamics and also to enable wide wobbe capability, which is a normalized measure of fuel flexibility.

Development and Testing of the Hybrid Electric Drive Program for the Navy’s DDG 51 Class Ships

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Buonamici ◽  
Michael Schauble
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hybrid Electric

This paper will discuss the development and testing of an electric drive option designed for the propulsion system of the US Navy’s DDG 51 Class ships. It will briefly explain the history of the Hybrid Electric Drive (HED) program, including that of its predecessor, Proof of Concept (PoC), and the HED’s planned shipboard installation schedule. Operating at lower ship speeds, in a range where the currently installed propulsion gas turbines are less fuel efficient, the HED is expected to increase the ship’s fuel economy, allowing the ship to remain on station accomplishing its mission for a longer period of time. This paper will discuss how the gas turbine propulsion system, in concert with the HED, will be used to provide the most fuel efficient drive combination for various operating scenarios. Also covered will be a description of the major stakeholders involved in the HED’s development and implementation along with some of the constraints and challenges that were encountered in the testing phase of the program, both at the OEM facilities and at the US Navy’s Land Based Engineering Site (LBES) in Philadelphia PA. Planned fuel economy testing results obtained at the LBES facility will also be presented, intended to determine an estimate of the fuel savings that can be expected when the system is first placed in service on USS TRUXTUN (DDG 103) July 2018.

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