Slow Strain Rate Fracture Characteristics of Steel and Aluminum Alloys Tested in Mercury Environments

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Krupowicz
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Slow Strain Rate ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Mercury Species ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Aluminum Alloy 5083 ◽  
Type 304

Slow strain rate tensile tests performed on Type 304 stainless steel, A516 Grade 70 C-Mn steel, and aluminum alloy 5083 revealed that all three materials were susceptible to varying degrees of mercury liquid metal embrittlement (LME) at ambient conditions. Both Type 304 stainless and A516 Grade 70 C-Mn steels exhibited significant strain rate sensitivity to LME, while aluminum alloy 5083 embrittlement was independent of strain rate over the range tested (8.3 × 10−3 to 5.0 × 10−7 s−1). Ductility (reduction in area) and toughness losses for tests in mercury compared to respective tests in air indicated that aluminum alloy 5083 embrittlement was more acute than either steel. Crack arrest (secondary cracking) characteristics and reactions to different mercury species also suggested that Type 304 stainless and A516 Grade 70 C-Mn steels were less susceptible to mercury LME than aluminum alloy 5083.

scholarly journals Formability of the 5754-Aluminum Alloy Deformed by a Modified Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening Process

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ezequiel ◽  
Sergio Elizalde ◽  
José-María Cabrera ◽  
Josep Picas ◽  
Ignacio A. Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Sensitivity Coefficient ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Forming Limit

Sheets of 5754-aluminum alloy processed by a modified repetitive corrugation and straightening (RCS) process were tested in order to measure their formability. For this purpose, forming limit curves were derived. They showed that the material forming capacity decreased after being processed by RCS. However, they kept good formability in the initial stages of the RCS process. The formability study was complemented with microstructural analysis (derivation of texture) and mechanical tests to obtain the strain-rate sensitivity. The texture analysis was done by employing X-ray diffraction, obtaining pole figures, and the orientation distribution function. It was noticed that the initial texture was conserved after successive RCS passes, but the intensity dropped. RCS process did not induce β-fiber, contrary to common deformation process. The strain-rate sensitivity coefficient was measured through tensile tests at different temperatures and strain rates; the coefficient of the samples processed after one and two passes were still relatively high, indicating the capacity to delay necking, in agreement with the good formability observed in the initial passes of the RCS process.

An Inelastic Constitutive Model for Monotonic, Cyclic, and Creep Deformation: Part II—Application to Type 304 Stainless Steel

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Creep Fatigue ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

For the deformation model developed in Part I, material constants are calculated from standard test data on type 304 stainless steel. With them, simulations are made of various types of tests, including tensile tests, strain-rate sensitivity, creep tests with stress drops, strain-controlled cycling, and creep-fatigue interaction. The simulations show general agreement with the corresponding experimental data for type 304, but in a few respects, quantitative improvements are required. Implications of the strengths and weaknesses of the new model are discussed.

Stress Corrosion Cracking of Sensitized Type 304 Stainless Steel in High Temperature Chloride Solutions

CORROSION ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 616-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Lin ◽  
G. Cragnolino ◽  
Z. Szklarska-Smialowska ◽  
D. D. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Slow Strain Rate ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Pitting Potential ◽  
Critical Potential ◽  
A Value ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract The SCC susceptibility of sensitized Type 304 stainless steel was studied using slow strain rate tests in 0.01 M NaCl as a function of applied potential at temperatures ranging from 100 to 250 C. Potential-temperature domains in which purely IGSCC, simultaneous IGSCC and TGSCC, and IGSCC accompanied by pitting corrosion have been determined. A critical potential for IGSCC and its dependence upon temperature was measured. This critical potential is equal to the pitting potential at temperatures lower than 150 C, but at higher temperatures, it lies within the passive range of the alloy. Above 150 C, the potential for breakdown of passivity becomes independent of temperature and corresponds to the potential at which TGSCC occurs on sensitized and on quench-annealed material. Interrupted slow strain rate tests were conducted to determine the time at which intergranular cracks start to propagate. On the basis of these data, average intergranular crack propagation rates were calculated. An apparent activation energy of 29 ± 12 KJ/mol was determined in the temperature range 200 to 275 C. It was also found that propagating intergranular cracks can be arrested by changing the potential to a value which is lower than the critical potential.

Rate Sensitivity and Short-Term Relaxation Behavior of AISI Type 304 Stainless Steel at Room Temperature and at 650°C; Influence of Prior Aging

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Ruggles ◽  
E. Krempl
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Relaxation Behavior ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
History Effect ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

The strain rate sensitivity and short-term relaxation behavior of Type 304 stainless steel were investigated in the uniaxial strain rate jump tests with intermittent periods of relaxation at room temperature and at 650°C. At room temperature material exhibited conventional strain rate sensitivity and no strain rate history effect. The high-temperature experimental results revealed a complex and dramatically different material behavior. At 650°C the pattern of strain rate sensitivity was not set as soon as the plastic flow was fully established, but continued to evolve with the further straining in the plastic range. Test results indicate that at 650°C the material may exhibit a strain rate history effect. Both at room temperature and at 650° C the relaxation behavior was independent of the stress and/or strain level at the beginning of the relaxation, but depended nonlinearly on the strain rate preceding the relaxation test. Prior aging had no significant influence on the rate-dependent material response. The irregular material behavior at 650° C is attributed to dynamic strain aging as indicated by serrated stress-strain curves (the Portevin-LeChatelier effect).

Tensile Properties of Thermally Exposed Type 304 Stainless Steel

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Steichen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

The influence of thermal exposure at 800, 1000, and 1200°F (427, 538 and 649°C) on the tensile properties of type 304 stainless steel has been experimentally determined. Specimens were exposed in static sodium for durations of 1000, 3500 and 10,000 hr. Tests were performed at room temperature and the respective exposure temperatures at nominal strain rates from 3 × 10−5 to 10 s−1. Exposure at temperatures to 1000°F (538°C) did not greatly alter the elevated temperature strength, ductility, or strain rate sensitivity of the subject material. At 1200°F (649°C) strength properties were unchanged by exposure at this temperature while ductility was increased at the lowest strain rate and slightly reduced at the higher rates. The room temperature strength was unchanged and ductility slightly reduced after exposure for 10,000 hr at each temperature.

The Formability and Elongation of Aluminum Alloys AA5083 and AA3003 for Micro-Truss Sandwiches Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1396-1405
Author(s):  
Arwa F. Tawfeeq ◽  
Matthew R. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Truss Structures ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Clad Layer ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Different Shapes

The development in the manufacturing of micro-truss structures has demonstrated the effectiveness of brazing for assembling these sandwiches, which opens new opportunities for cost-effective and high-quality truss manufacturing. An evolving idea in micro-truss manufacturing is the possibility of forming these structures in different shapes with the aid of elevated temperature. This work investigates the formability and elongation of aluminum alloy sheets typically used for micro-truss manufacturing, namely AA5083 and AA3003. Tensile tests were performed at a temperature in the range of 25-500 ○C and strain rate in the range of 2x10-4 -10-2 s-1. The results showed that the clad layer in AA3003 exhibited an insignificant effect on the formability and elongation of AA3003. The formability of the two alloys was improved significantly with values of m as high as 0.4 and 0.13 for AA5083 and AA3003 at 500 °C. While the elongation of both AA5083 and AA3003 was improved at a higher temperature, the elongation of AA5083 was inversely related to strain rate. It was concluded that the higher the temperature is the better the formability and elongation of the two alloys but at the expense of work hardening. This suggests a trade-off situation between formability and strength. 

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