A Constitutive Model of Creep Describing Creep Recovery and Material Softening Caused by Stress Reversals

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ohno ◽  
S. Murakami ◽  
T. Ueno
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Creep Strain ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Constant Tension ◽  
Stress Reversals ◽  
Strain Space ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

The constitutive model of creep proposed by the present authors on the basis of a creep-hardening surface in creep strain space (CHS model) is first modified to incorporate creep recovery. It is assumed that total creep strain can be divided into two parts; i.e., a part which recovers anelastically after stress removal and an irrecoverable part. These two parts are described by McVetty’s equation and the CHS model, respectively. Then, the validities of the modified and the original CHS model are discussed by performing creep tests of type 304 stainless steel under cyclic reversed torsion combined with constant tension at 600°C.

Experimental Study of Biaxial Creep Damage for Type 304 Stainless Steel

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Sakane ◽  
Hiroto Tokura
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Biaxial Tension ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Biaxial Creep ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

This paper studies the biaxial creep damage of type 304 stainless steel at 923 K. Biaxial tension creep tests were carried out using cruciform specimens and the effect of stress biaxiality on rupture lifetime and creep voiding was discussed. Mises equivalent stress and the equivalent stress based on crack opening displacement were a suitable parameter to assess the biaxial creep damage. The equivalent stress proposed by Huddleston overestimated the biaxial creep damage by more than a factor of two. Stress biaxiality had almost no influence on the orientation of voided grain boundaries and the critical value ofparameter A. Tests of alternative loading direction significantly dispersed the biaxial creep damage resulting in larger creep lifetime.

Experimental Evaluation of Creep Constitutive Equations for Type 304 Stainless Steel Under Non-Steady Multiaxial States of Stress

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Murakami ◽  
N. Ohno ◽  
H. Tagami
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Stress Change ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Multiaxial Loadings

In order to evaluate the validity and limitations of the creep-hardening surface model proposed by the present authors, a series of creep tests for type 304 stainless steel were performed at 600°C under various non-steady multiaxial loadings. The test time and the interval of stress change were 960 hr and 48 or 96 hr, respectively, and five kinds of stress histories consisting of randomly varying stress magnitude, stress direction and interval of stress change were employed. It was found that the creep-hardening surface model describes sufficiently well the creep behavior observed in this work.

Application of the Hybrid Constitutive Model for Cyclic Plasticity to Sinusoidal Loading

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ishikawa ◽  
K. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Yield Surface ◽  
Strain Path ◽  
Good Description ◽  
Yield Function ◽  
Cyclic Plasticity ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Subsequent Yield Surface ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

In order to study the applicability of the proposed hybrid constitutive model for cyclic plasticity to nonproportional loading, type 304 stainless-steel specimens subjected to sinusoidal loading that could change the degree of nonproportionality of the strain path were examined in detail. The subsequent yield surface during the loading was discussed in advance because the plastic deformation induced anisotropy coefficient tensor in the yield function had to be determined from the yield surface obtained by the experiment. From the experimental results, the subsequent yield surfaces during the loading could be assumed to be of the quadratic form of stress. The simulations based on the model gave a good description of the sinusoidal loading, irrespective of the degree of nonproportionality of the strain path.

An Inelastic Constitutive Model for Monotonic, Cyclic, and Creep Deformation: Part II—Application to Type 304 Stainless Steel

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Creep Fatigue ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

For the deformation model developed in Part I, material constants are calculated from standard test data on type 304 stainless steel. With them, simulations are made of various types of tests, including tensile tests, strain-rate sensitivity, creep tests with stress drops, strain-controlled cycling, and creep-fatigue interaction. The simulations show general agreement with the corresponding experimental data for type 304, but in a few respects, quantitative improvements are required. Implications of the strengths and weaknesses of the new model are discussed.

Biaxial ratcheting deformation of type 304 stainless steel: Effect of memorization of back stress

2004 ◽  
Vol 218 (9) ◽  
pp. 901-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Mayama ◽  
K Sasaki ◽  
H Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strain Rate ◽  
Cyclic Shear ◽  
Ratcheting Strain ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

This paper treats both experiments and simulations of biaxial ratcheting. The experiments are conducted using a tubular specimen of type 304 stainless steel at room temperature. The specimen was subjected to cyclic shear straining under the axial superposed stress. The experiments show that the biaxial ratcheting strain was affected by the cyclic shear strain amplitude, the shear strain rate and the superposed stress level. Larger biaxial ratcheting strain occurred in the case of tensile superposed stress compared with that in the case of the compressive superposed stress. Moreover, even under the zero superposed stress, biaxial ratcheting strain occurred in the axial direction due to the cyclic shearing straining. Finally, the biaxial ratcheting behaviours were simulated by the unified constitutive model proposed by the authors. The characteristic features of the biaxial ratcheting behaviour, especially the axial strain due to the cyclic shear straining superposed on the zero axial stress, are well simulated by the constitutive model.

Creep and Plastic Strains Under Stress Reversal in Torsion With and Without Simultaneous Tension for 304 Stainless Steel at 593°C

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. W. Cho ◽  
W. N. Findley
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Single Step ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Plastic Strains ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Constant Tension ◽  
Stress Reversals

Results of creep experiments under stress reversals in torsion with and without constant tension are reported. Constitutive equations based on data for single step creep and creep recovery tests previously reported are used to describe the test results. A viscous-viscoelastic model with aging effects and modifications for step-down stress changes and stress reversals predicted the creep behavior reasonably well. The prediction of time-independent plastic strains is also described.

OUTOKUMPU TYPE 630

Alloy Digest ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract Outokumpu Type 630 is a martensitic age hardenable alloy of composition 17Cr-4Ni. The alloy has high strength and corrosion resistance similar to that of Type 304 stainless steel. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1238. Producer or source: Outokumpu High Performance Stainless.

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