Performance Enhancement of Alkaline Direct Methanol Fuel Cells by Ni/Al Layered Double Hydroxides

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. Ganley ◽  
Nana K. Karikari ◽  
Dharmaraj Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

This paper reports the results of fuel cell performance tests detailing the effects of Ni/Al layered double hydroxide (Ni-LDH) on the performance of alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). It is desirable to enhance the maximum rate of methanol consumption at a fuel cell’s anode so that expensive bimetallic catalysts (such as Pt-Ru) would not be as essential to remedy the well-known sluggish kinetics and Pt catalyst deactivation tendencies of DMFCs. The test cells were constructed using partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol film membranes impregnated with a 10 M potassium hydroxide electrolyte. The cells were tested at a constant temperature of 40°C, and the effect of the addition of Ni-LDH to the membrane surface was studied by comparison of fuel cell polarization and power production curves of cells with Pt or Pt-Ru anodes paired with Pt cathodes. The benefits of Ni-LDH addition to DMFCs are clearly shown vis-à-vis the extended operating current densities and associated increases in power density for each catalyst type. The enhancement effect of Ni-LDH appears largely as enhancement of cell mass transport. Cells constructed with Pt anodes and membrane surfaces modified by Ni-LDH perform very nearly as well as Ni-LDH-free cells using bimetallic Pt-Ru anodes.

Preparation and Characterization of Highly Ordered Graphitic Mesoporous Carbon as a Pt Catalyst Support for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 3960-3967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabing Su ◽  
Jianhuang Zeng ◽  
Xiaoying Bao ◽  
Yaoshan Yu ◽  
Jim Yang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Low-cost polyaniline coated carbonized materials as support for Pt-based electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1892-1899
Author(s):  
Naziermu Dongmulati ◽  
Xieraili Maimaitiyiming
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Toilet Paper ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) technology has achieved commercial pre-feasibility, but its high cost and insufficient durability are the main obstacles to its full utilization. It has been determined that the problem of durability and high-cost has hindered the development of the carbon carrier used for Pt catalyst. Therefore, there is a great need to find low-cost and robust alternative support. In this paper, different carbonized materials were studied as supports for Pt-based electrocatalysts. Low-cost materials (lab-gown, toilet paper and filter paper) are carbonized with high temperature and modified by polyaniline to provide sufficient surface modification to improve Pt deposition on these supports. After comparison, it was found that carbonized lab-gown has better electrocatalytic performance than single-walled carbon nanotubes, carbonized toilet paper, and filter paper. The results provides an effective basis for replacing high cost and preparation of cumbersome carbon nanotubes with low cost and durable support materials.

Polysulfone-based Ionomers for Fuel Cell Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Iojoiu ◽  
Jean-Yves Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
The Impact

This paper is a review that is focused on ionomers based on aromatic polysulfone backbone and intended to be used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells or in direct methanol fuel cells. Emphasis is placed on the different chemical routes to prepare the ionomers. Special attention is given to the impact of the ionomer structure on the conductivity performance and on the dimensional stability of the membranes at high temperatures.

Facile preparation of mesoporous graphenes by the sacrificial template approach for direct methanol fuel cell application

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (46) ◽  
pp. 19914-19919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyu Cao ◽  
Hui Zhuang ◽  
Mengwei Guo ◽  
Hongning Wang ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Diffusion Layer ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell Application ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Facile Preparation ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

Mesoporous graphenes were synthesized via a template-assisted pyrolysis approach and used as a material for a porous diffusion layer in direct methanol fuel cells.

scholarly journals Nanoporous PdCo Catalyst for Microfuel Cells: Electrodeposition and Dealloying

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Tominaka ◽  
Tetsuya Osaka
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Microfuel Cells ◽  
Novel Design

PdCo alloy is a promising catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction of direct methanol fuel cells because of its high activity and the tolerance to methanol. We have applied this catalyst in order to realize on-chip fuel cell which is a membraneless design. The novel design made the fuel cells to be flexible and integratable with other microdevices. Here, we summarize our recent research on the synthesis of nanostructured PdCo catalyst by electrochemical methods, which enable us to deposit the alloy onto microelectrodes of the on-chip fuel cells. First, the electrodeposition of PdCo is discussed in detail, and then, dealloying for introducing nanopores into the electrodeposits is described. Finally, electrochemical response and activities are fully discussed.

Biopolymer-based electrolyte membranes from chitosan incorporated with montmorillonite-crosslinked GPTMS for direct methanol fuel cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 2314-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochammad Purwanto ◽  
Lukman Atmaja ◽  
Mohamad Azuwa Mohamed ◽  
M. T. Salleh ◽  
Juhana Jaafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

A composite membrane was fabricated from biopolymer chitosan and montmorillonite (MMT) filler as an alternative membrane electrolyte for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) application.

scholarly journals One-Step Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of PtNiCo/rGO Electrocatalysts with High Electrochemical Performance for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2206
Author(s):  
Kun-Yauh Shih ◽  
Jia-Jun Wei ◽  
Ming-Chi Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Narrow Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Platinum (Pt) is widely used as an activator in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). However, the development of Pt catalyst is hindered due to its high cost and CO poisoning. A multi-metallic catalyst is a promising catalyst for fuel cells. We develop a simple and rapid method to synthesize PtNiCo/rGO nanocomposites (NCs). The PtNiCo/rGO NCs catalyst was obtained by microwave-assisted synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) with Pt, Ni, and Co precursors in ethylene glycol (EG) solution after heating for 20 min. The Pt-Ni-Co nanoparticles showed a narrow particle size distribution and were uniformly dispersed on the reduced graphene oxide without agglomeration. Compared with PtNiCo catalyst, PtNiCo/rGO NCs have superior electrocatalytic properties, including a large electrochemical active surface area (ECSA), the high catalytic activity of methanol, excellent anti-toxic properties, and high electrochemical stability. The ECSA can be up to 87.41 m2/g at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. They also have the lowest oxidation potential of CO. These excellent electrochemical performances are attributed to the uniform dispersion of PtNiCo nanoparticles, good conductivity, stability, and large specific surface area of the rGO carrier. The synthesized PtNiCo/rGO nanoparticles have an average size of 17.03 ± 1.93 nm. We also investigated the effect of catalyst material size on electrocatalytic performance, and the results indicate that PtNiCo/rGO NC catalysts can replace anode catalyst materials in fuel cell applications in the future.

Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorns Supporting Pt Catalyst in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (20) ◽  
pp. 8660-8667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Kosaka ◽  
Sadanori Kuroshima ◽  
Kenji Kobayashi ◽  
Shoji Sekino ◽  
Toshinari Ichihashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Single Wall Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanohorns ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanohorns

scholarly journals Thermal Layout Analysis and Design of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells on PCB Based on Novel Particle Swarm Optimization

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Yuan ◽  
Wenhui Chuai ◽  
Zhongming Guo ◽  
Zhaoyin Tu ◽  
Fanbo Kong
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

As a new energy technology, the fuel cell has developed rapidly, and its performance has been continuously improved. Fuel cell stacks composed of multiple single cells are gradually being used in portable electronic products. Since the performance of fuel cells cannot be optimal at room temperature, it is critical to research cell temperature characteristics and heat distributions in applications. In this paper, the effects of temperature and charge transfer coefficient and the relationship between exchange current density and output voltage were analyzed by the mathematical model of direct methanol fuel cells. Moreover, to optimize the thermal layout of the fuel cell stack in the printed circuit board (PCB) substrate, the idea of a fuel cell as a device was proposed innovatively, and the corresponding thermal optimization strategy was analyzed. A novel particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to detect the optimal layout of fuel cells of different specifications on the same substrate. The three-dimensional thermal simulation model was used to obtain the temperature data and verify the optimization results.

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