The Tests of 1 kWe Diesel Reformer and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inyong Kang ◽  
Sangho Yoon ◽  
Gyujong Bae ◽  
Junghyun Kim ◽  
Seungwhan Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Deposit Formation ◽  
Cell Potential ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Internal Reforming ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diesel Reformer

The high temperatures required to operate solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) allow for internal reforming of hydrocarbon fuels over a Ni-based anode. With their capability of being fuel flexible, SOFCs have operated under a wide range of fuels including diesel as examined in this study. But in order to reduce high possibilities of deposit formation in diesel internal reforming, additional external reforming technology was used for our system. The final goal of this research is to develop 1 kWe diesel-powered SOFC systems for residential power generation. Before constructing a complete 1 kWe SOFC system, a series of durability experiments were conducted on individual components of the system including the fuel reformer and stack. After testing the full-scale 1 kWe diesel reformer, deposit formation was visible within the catalyst and on the surface of the reactor head, which seriously degraded the performance. With several individual components tested, the construction of one-box type 1 kWe SOFC system is in progress. In a preliminary six-cell stack test using sulfur-free synthetic diesel, the system initially showed an output power of ∼110 kWe at a 0.8 V average cell potential. However, there was a significant drop off in output power after a few hours of operation, which was likely caused by severe deposit formation on the SOFC stack. Light hydrocarbons such as ethylene and/or “less reformed” heavier hydrocarbons caused by gas reactions under the incomplete fuel mixing upstream of the catalyst were likely responsible for the deposit formation.

Numerical Simulations of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Operating on Coal Syngas: A Parametric Study

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Elizalde-Blancas ◽  
S. Raju Pakalapati ◽  
F. Nihan Cayan ◽  
Ismail B. Celik
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Coal Syngas ◽  
Internal Reforming ◽  
Wide Range

Fuel cells are considered to be one of the main sources of future power supply around the world because of their many desirable features; technology virtually free of pollution, the ability to use alternative fuels other than fossil fuels, and higher efficiencies than combustion engines. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) can operate on a wide range of fuels, particularly with coal syngas. However, several issues have to be solved before SOFC’s operating on coal syngas can be introduced into the market as a reliable and cost viable technology. Numerical simulations can be used in conjunction with experiments to assist in resolution of such barriers. In the present work, a three-dimensional model is used to study the performance of a SOFC running on coal syngas operating at various conditions. The code is capable of simulating several species in the fuel stream, such as methane, steam, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide. Due to the presence of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, simultaneous electrochemical oxidation of both fuels is considered. Internal reforming and water gas shift reaction are other processes that are taken into account. Simulations of typical anode-supported button cells are performed to assess the effects of cell operating temperature, fuel composition and CO electrochemistry on the performance of the button SOFCs.

Flexible Coproduction of Hydrogen and Power Using Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cells System

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kas Hemmes ◽  
Anish Patil ◽  
Nico Woudstra
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Internal Reforming ◽  
Wide Range

Within the framework of the Greening of Gas project, in which the feasibility of mixing hydrogen into the natural gas network in the Netherlands is studied, we are exploring alternative hydrogen production methods. Fuel cells are usually seen as the devices that convert hydrogen into power and heat. It is less well known that these electrochemical energy converters can produce hydrogen, or form an essential component in the systems for coproduction of hydrogen and power. In this paper, the coproduction of hydrogen-rich syngas (that can be converted into hydrogen) and power from natural gas in an internal reforming fuel cell is worked out by flow sheet calculations on an internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell system. The goal of this paper is to study the technical feasibility of such a system and explore its possibilities and limitations for a flexible coproduction. It is shown that the system can operate in a wide range of fuel utilization values at least down to 60% representing highest hydrogen production mode up to 95% corresponding to standard FC operation mode.

On the technical challenges affecting the performance of direct internal reforming biogas solid oxide fuel cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem ◽  
Waqas Hassan Tanveer ◽  
Enas Taha Sayed ◽  
M. El Haj Assad ◽  
Anis Allagui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Internal Reforming ◽  
Technical Challenges ◽  
Direct Internal Reforming

Application of an Anode Model to Investigate Physical Parameters in an Internal Reforming Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S. Greene ◽  
Maria G. Medeiros ◽  
Wilson K. S. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Internal Reforming ◽  
Porous Anode

A one-dimensional model of chemical and mass transport phenomena in the porous anode of a solid-oxide fuel cell, in which there is internal reforming of methane, is presented. Macroscopically averaged porous electrode theory is used to model the mass transfer that occurs in the anode. Linear kinetics at a constant temperature are used to model the reforming and shift reactions. Correlations based on the Damkohler number are created to relate anode structural parameters and thickness to a nondimensional electrochemical conversion rate and cell voltage. It is shown how these can be applied in order to assist the design of an anode.

A numerical analysis of unsteady transport phenomena in a Direct Internal Reforming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 1032-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Chalusiak ◽  
Michal Wrobel ◽  
Marcin Mozdzierz ◽  
Katarzyna Berent ◽  
Janusz S. Szmyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Internal Reforming ◽  
Direct Internal Reforming

Direct-methane solid oxide fuel cells with Cu1.3Mn1.7O4 spinel internal reforming layer

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Jin ◽  
Chenghao Yang ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Adam Coffin ◽  
Fanglin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Internal Reforming
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document