Influence of Sulfonationity of Epoxy-Based Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Sulfonated Polyimides as Proton Exchange Membranes on the Performance of Fuel Cell Application

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Zen Wang ◽  
Ko-Shan Ho ◽  
Shinn-Dar Wu ◽  
Kuo-Huang Hsieh ◽  
Chi-Hung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Sulfonated Polyimide ◽  
Sulfonated Polyimides

A novel epoxy-based semi-interpenetrating polymer networks membrane (SPIX-EP40) as the proton exchange membrane was prepared by a flexible epoxy network with sulfonated polyimide. A series of sulfonated polyamic acid (SPAA) were prepared from 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2-benzidinedisulfonic acid (BDSA) and nonsulfonated diamines, such as 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone. Solid-state C13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to verify the synchronization of the imidization of SPAA and the crosslinking reactions of epoxy. The sulfonationity of the copolymers was regulated through a variation in the molar ratio of BDSA to diamine. These membranes owned a good thermal stability and exhibited high proton conductivity that was measured as a function of temperature. The resulting SPI0.7-EP40 and SPI0.8-EP40, at 100% relative humidity, displayed proton conductivities higher than those of Nafion® 117. The membranes displayed higher conductivities than Nafion® membranes because of owning higher activational energies and higher ion exchange capacities. An isotropic swelling phenomenon in water was found for the membrane. From the results of water uptake and the microstructure analyses using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on different sulfonated levels, it was found that the number of water clusters in SPIX-EP40 membranes increased as the increasing water uptake and the size of water cluster were changed with the sulfonation levels. TEM confirmed the widespread and well-connected hydrophilic domains, demonstrating the presence of the favorable proton-transporting performances of the SPIX-EP40 membrane.

Synthesis and properties of new sulfonated naphthalenic polyimides as proton exchange membrane for fuel cell applications

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zhao ◽  
Y.D. Huang ◽  
Y.M. Piao
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Polyimide Membrane ◽  
Sulfonated Polyimide ◽  
Sulfonated Polyimides

AbstractThe diamine monomer, 5-amino-2-(p-aminophenyl)benzoxazole(ABO), was successfully synthesized and a series of new naphthalenic sulfonated polyimides (SPIs) were prepared from 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA), 2,2’-benzidinedisulfonic acid (BDSA), ABO and 1,10- diaminedecane (DADE) using one-step high temperature polymerization method. Their structures were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and TG-DSC. The sulfonated degree of the SPI copolymers was controlled through varying the molar ratio of BDSA to the non-sulfonated diamines. Tough and transparent membranes with the typical polyimide brown colour were prepared by casting from the polymer solution. They showed clear anisotropic membrane swelling in water with larger dimensional changes in the thickness direction of membrane. The sulfonated polyimide membrane containing 20mol% benzoxazole moieties (SPI-20) showed desirable thermal stability with the decomposition temperature of 272°C and mechanical stability with the maximum stress of 42 MPa. The proton conductivity (6.2×10-3S/cm) of SPI-20 membrane was comparable to that of Nafion®117 membrane measured under the same condition (9.8×10-3 S/cm). The effects of temperature on the proton conductivity, and highly anisotropic proton conductivity in the thickness and plane direction were also investigated.

Proton Exchange Membranes Based on POSS

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 985-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Chen ◽  
Fang Ke Shao
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
Link Structure ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Sulfonated Polyimides

Two kinds of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) containing POSS are designed and prepared, one is sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)/bisphenol S diglycidyl ether (DEBS)/POSS hybrids with the semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) structure and the other is sulfonated polyimides (SPI)/POSS hybrids with cross-link structure. IPNs should be more contributed to improve the proton conductivities of PEMs than cross-link structure.

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Sulfonated Aromatic Polyamides for Proton Exchange Membranes

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 971-976
Author(s):  
Ya Ping Hu ◽  
Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Proper Values ◽  
Cell Series ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Sulfonated polymer membranes play an important role in PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell). Series of sulfonated polyamides were prepared by polycondensation of a CF3-containing diamine with various ratios of terephthalic acid and 5-Sodiosulfoisophthalic acid. Sulfonated polyamides were characterized by 1H-NMR, FTIR and intrinsic viscosity. The resulting polyamides exhibited outstanding thermal stability. Membranes were prepared by solution casting, then characterized by determining ion-exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, swelling ratio, proton conductivity and mechanical properties. With the gradual growth of sulfonic acid groups from 70% to 100% (molar ratio), IEC increased to 1.0223meq/g, and proton conducticity reached up to 3.82×10-2S/cm, while water uptake and swelling ratio remained in proper values. And the tensile strength of membranes was beyond 46.63MPa, which showed very good perspectives in PEMFC applications.

A Study of the Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles on Copolyimide Properties for Proton Exchange Membranes

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Han Li ◽  
Wei Jian Wang ◽  
Yu Fei Chen ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Main Chain ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Sulfonated Polyimide

Containing pyrimidine and pyridine monomers were incorporated respectively into the main chain of a sulfonated polyimide in order to investigate the effect of nitrogen-containing heterocycles on membrane properties such as water uptake and proton conductivity. With increasing content of the nitrogen-containing heterocycles, water uptake of membranes and dimensional changes remarkable decrease. The copolymer showed higher thermal stability (desulfonation temperature up to 330 °C) and reasonable good mechanical properties. These membranes also showed higher proton conductivity, which was comparable or even higher than Nafion 117.

scholarly journals Preparation and Study of Sulfonated Co-Polynaphthoyleneimide Proton-Exchange Membrane for a H2/Air Fuel Cell

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5297
Author(s):  
Ulyana M. Zavorotnaya ◽  
Igor I. Ponomarev ◽  
Yulia A. Volkova ◽  
Alexander D. Modestov ◽  
Vladimir N. Andreev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Practical Applications

The sulfonated polynaphthoyleneimide polymer (co-PNIS70/30) was prepared by copolymerization of 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether-2,2′-disulfonic acid (ODAS) and 4,4’-methylenebisanthranilic acid (MDAC) with ODAS/MDAC molar ratio 0.7/0.3. High molecular weight co-PNIS70/30 polymers were synthesized either in phenol or in DMSO by catalytic polyheterocyclization in the presence of benzoic acid and triethylamine. The titration reveals the ion-exchange capacity of the polymer equal to 2.13 meq/g. The membrane films were prepared by casting polymer solution. Conductivities of the polymer films were determined using both in- and through-plane geometries and reached ~96 and ~60 mS/cm, respectively. The anisotropy of the conductivity is ascribed to high hydration of the surface layer compared to the bulk. SFG NMR diffusometry shows that, in the temperature range from 213 to 353 K, the 1H self-diffusion coefficient of the co-PNIS70/30 membrane is about one third of the diffusion coefficient of Nafion® at the same humidity. However, temperature dependences of proton conductivities of Nafion® and of co-PNIS70/30 membranes are nearly identical. Membrane–electrode assemblies (MEAs) based on co-PNIS70/30 were fabricated by different procedures. The optimal MEAs with co-PNIS70/30 membranes are characterized by maximum output power of ~370 mW/cm2 at 80 °C. It allows considering sulfonated co-PNIS70/30 polynaphthoyleneimides membrane attractive for practical applications.

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