A Redundancy Management Procedure for Fault Detection and Isolation

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asok Ray ◽  
Mukund Desai
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Redundancy Management ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
Strategic Processes ◽  
Nuclear Plants ◽  
On Line ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
Noise Statistics

This paper presents the theoretical basis of a novel redundancy management procedure developed for fault detection and isolation (FDI) in strategic processes such as spacecraft, aircraft, and nuclear plants where multiply-redundant measurements are available for individual variables. The set of redundant measurements may comprise both direct sensor outputs and analytically derived measurements. The redundancy management procedure presented in this paper is essentially independent of the fault detection strategy and measurement noise statistics, and builds upon the concept of partitioning the set of measurements into “consistent” and “inconsistent” subsets for purposes of estimation and fault isolation, respectively. The proposed procedure is suitable for real-time applications using commercially available microcomputers and its efficacy has been verified on-line in operating nuclear reactors.

Sequential Testing for Fault Detection in Multiply-Redundant Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asok Ray
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Sequential Test ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Redundancy Management ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
Sequential Probability ◽  
Noise Statistics

The paper presents the theory and application of a sequential test procedure for fault detection and isolation (FDI), The test procedure is suited for development of intelligent instrumentation in strategic processes like aircraft and nuclear plants where redundant measurements are usually available for individual critical variables. The algorithm of the test procedure is formulated by use of (1) a generic redundancy management procedure which is essentially independent of the fault detection strategy and measurement noise statistics, and (2) a modified version of sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) algorithm for fault detection and isolation, which functions within the framework of the aforesaid redundancy management procedure. The sequential test procedure is suitable for real-time applications using commercially available microcomputers and its efficacy has been verified by on-line fault detection in an operating nuclear reactor.

scholarly journals Robust Mpc for Actuator–Fault Tolerance Using Set–Based Passive Fault Detection and Active Fault Isolation

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Vicenç Puig ◽  
Carlos Ocampo-Martinez ◽  
Sorin Olaru ◽  
Silviu-Iulian Niculescu
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Invariant Sets ◽  
Actuator Faults ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
On Line

Abstract In this paper, a fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme is proposed for actuator faults, which is built upon tube-based model predictive control (MPC) as well as set-based fault detection and isolation (FDI). In the class of MPC techniques, tubebased MPC can effectively deal with system constraints and uncertainties with relatively low computational complexity compared with other robust MPC techniques such as min-max MPC. Set-based FDI, generally considering the worst case of uncertainties, can robustly detect and isolate actuator faults. In the proposed FTC scheme, fault detection (FD) is passive by using invariant sets, while fault isolation (FI) is active by means of MPC and tubes. The active FI method proposed in this paper is implemented by making use of the constraint-handling ability of MPC to manipulate the bounds of inputs. After the system has been detected to become faulty, the input-constraint set of the MPC controller is adjusted to actively excite the system for achieving FI guarantees on-line, where an active FI-oriented input set is designed off-line. In this way, the system can be excited in order to obtain more extra system-operating information for FI than passive FI approaches. Overall, the objective of this paper is to propose an actuator MPC scheme with as little as possible of FI conservatism and computational complexity by combining tube-based MPC and set theory within the framework of MPC, respectively. Finally, a case study is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed FTC scheme.

Sensor Fault Isolation Using Qualitative Quantized Modeling With Application to a 3-DOF Nonlinear Vehicle

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D’Silva ◽  
P. Pisu ◽  
A. Serrani ◽  
G. Rizzoni
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Sensor Fault ◽  
Sensor Fault Detection ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nonlinear Vehicle Model

Fault detection and isolation has become one of the most important aspects in vehicle control system design. In this paper, we present a technique for single sensor fault detection and isolation in automotive on-board applications. It combines model-based diagnostics and a qualitative modeling approach. The proposed method is appealing as it shifts the computational effort from on-line to off-line, making the algorithm suitable for low-cost real-time applications. The methodology can be cast in the framework of discrete-event fault diagnosis. A depth one transition relation algorithm for qualitative identification which guarantees completeness is developed and applied to a 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) nonlinear vehicle model. The paper concludes with preliminary simulation results showing the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Multiple faults detection and isolation approach applied to a kraft recovery boiler

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
YVON THARRAULT ◽  
MOULOUD AMAZOUZ
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
False Alarm Rate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Multiple Faults ◽  
Recovery Boiler

Recovery boilers play a key role in chemical pulp mills. Early detection of defects, such as water leaks, in a recovery boiler is critical to the prevention of explosions, which can occur when water reaches the molten smelt bed of the boiler. Early detection is difficult to achieve because of the complexity and the multitude of recovery boiler operating parameters. Multiple faults can occur in multiple components of the boiler simultaneously, and an efficient and robust fault isolation method is needed. In this paper, we present a new fault detection and isolation scheme for multiple faults. The proposed approach is based on principal component analysis (PCA), a popular fault detection technique. For fault detection, the Mahalanobis distance with an exponentially weighted moving average filter to reduce the false alarm rate is used. This filter is used to adapt the sensitivity of the fault detection scheme versus false alarm rate. For fault isolation, the reconstruction-based contribution is used. To avoid a combinatorial excess of faulty scenarios related to multiple faults, an iterative approach is used. This new method was validated using real data from a pulp and paper mill in Canada. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively detect sensor faults and water leakage.

Image-Based Versus Signal-Based Sensors for Machine Fault Detection and Isolation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heshan Fernando ◽  
Vedang Chauhan ◽  
Brian Surgenor
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Single Camera ◽  
Multiple Faults ◽  
Multiple Sensors ◽  
Machine Fault ◽  
And Performance

This paper presents the results of a comparative study that investigated the use of image-based and signal-based sensors for fault detection and fault isolation of visually-cued faults on an automated assembly machine. The machine assembles 8 mm circular parts, from a bulk-supply, onto continuously moving carriers at a rate of over 100 assemblies per minute. Common faults on the machine include part jams and ejected parts that occur at different locations on the machine. Two sensor systems are installed on the machine for detecting and isolating these faults: an image-based system consisting of a single camera and a signal-based sensor system consisting of multiple greyscale sensors and limit switches. The requirements and performance of both systems are compared for detecting six faults on the assembly machine. It is found that both methods are able to effectively detect the faults but they differ greatly in terms of cost, ease of implementation, detection time and fault isolation capability. The conventional signal-based sensors are low in cost, simple to implement and require little computing power, but the installation is intrusive to the machine and readings from multiple sensors are required for faster fault detection and isolation. The more sophisticated image-based system requires an expensive, high-resolution, high-speed camera and significantly more processing power to detect the same faults; however, the system is not intrusive to the machine, fault isolation becomes a simpler problem with video data, and the single camera is able to detect multiple faults in its field of view.

scholarly journals Estimation and Fault Diagnosis of Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Fractional-Order System Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulan Kong ◽  
Mehrdad Saif ◽  
Guozeng Cui
Keyword(s):  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Sliding Mode Observer ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Order System

This study investigates estimation and fault diagnosis of fractional-order Lithium-ion battery system. Two simple and common types of observers are designed to address the design of fault diagnosis and estimation for the fractional-order systems. Fractional-order Luenberger observers are employed to generate residuals which are then used to investigate the feasibility of model based fault detection and isolation. Once a fault is detected and isolated, a fractional-order sliding mode observer is constructed to provide an estimate of the isolated fault. The paper presents some theoretical results for designing stable observers and fault estimators. In particular, the notion of stability in the sense of Mittag-Leffler is first introduced to discuss the state estimation error dynamics. Overall, the design of the Luenberger observer as well as the sliding mode observer can accomplish fault detection, fault isolation, and estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy on a three-cell battery string system is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Aircraft Engine On-Line Diagnostics Through Dual-Channel Sensor Measurements: Development of a Baseline System

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahisa Kobayashi ◽  
Donald L. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Channel Measurements ◽  
Sensor Fault ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Dual Channel ◽  
Sensor Fault Detection ◽  
Baseline System ◽  
On Line

In this paper, a baseline system which utilizes dual-channel sensor measurements for aircraft engine on-line diagnostics is developed. This system is composed of a linear on-board engine model (LOBEM) and fault detection and isolation (FDI) logic. The LOBEM provides the analytical third channel against which the dual-channel measurements are compared. When the discrepancy among the triplex channels exceeds a tolerance level, the FDI logic determines the cause of the discrepancy. Through this approach, the baseline system achieves the following objectives: 1) anomaly detection, 2) component fault detection, and 3) sensor fault detection and isolation. The performance of the baseline system is evaluated in a simulation environment using faults in sensors and components.

scholarly journals Aircraft Engine On-Line Diagnostics Through Dual-Channel Sensor Measurements: Development of an Enhanced System

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahisa Kobayashi ◽  
Donald L. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Channel Measurements ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Dual Channel ◽  
Sensor Fault Detection ◽  
Baseline System ◽  
On Line

In this paper, an enhanced on-line diagnostic system which utilizes dual-channel sensor measurements is developed for the aircraft engine application. The enhanced system is composed of a nonlinear on-board engine model (NOBEM), the hybrid Kalman filter (HKF) algorithm, and fault detection and isolation (FDI) logic. The NOBEM provides the analytical third channel against which the dual-channel measurements are compared. The NOBEM is further utilized as part of the HKF algorithm which estimates measured engine parameters. Engine parameters obtained from the dual-channel measurements, the NOBEM, and the HKF are compared against each other. When the discrepancy among the signals exceeds a tolerance level, the FDI logic determines the cause of discrepancy. Through this approach, the enhanced system achieves the following objectives: 1) anomaly detection, 2) component fault detection, and 3) sensor fault detection and isolation. The performance of the enhanced system is evaluated in a simulation environment using faults in sensors and components, and it is compared to an existing baseline system.

scholarly journals Active versus passive fault-tolerant control of a redundant multirotor UAV

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (1273) ◽  
pp. 385-408
Author(s):  
M. Saied ◽  
B. Lussier ◽  
I. Fantoni ◽  
H. Shraim ◽  
C. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Fault Tolerant Control ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Redundancy Management ◽  
Model Free

ABSTRACTThis paper considers actuator redundancy management for a redundant multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) under actuators failures. Different approaches are proposed: using robust control (passive fault tolerance), and reconfigurable control (active fault tolerance). The robust controller is designed using high-order super-twisting sliding mode techniques, and handles the failures without requiring information from a Fault Detection scheme. The Active Fault-Tolerant Control (AFTC) is achieved through redistributing the control signals among the healthy actuators using reconfigurable multiplexing and pseudo-inverse control allocation. The Fault Detection and Isolation problem is also considered by proposing model-based and model-free modules. The proposed techniques are all implemented on a coaxial octorotor UAV. Different experiments with different scenarios were conducted for the validation of the proposed strategies. Finally, advantages, disadvantages, application considerations and limitations of each method are examined through quantitative and qualitative studies.

Fault Detection and Isolation for Lithium-Ion Battery System Using Structural Analysis and Sequential Residual Generation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhentong Liu ◽  
Qadeer Ahmed ◽  
Giorgio Rizzoni ◽  
Hongwen He
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Test Construction ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Battery Systems

This paper presents a systematic methodology based on structural analysis and sequential residual generators to design a Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) scheme for nonlinear battery systems. The faults to be diagnosed are highlighted using a detailed hazard analysis conducted for battery systems. The developed methodology includes four steps: candidate residual generators generation, residual generators selection, diagnostic test construction and fault isolation. State transformation is employed to make the residuals realizable. The simulation results show that the proposed FDI scheme successfully detects and isolates the faults injected in the battery cell with cooling system at different times. In addition, there are no false or missed detections of the faults.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document