Wet Gas Separation in Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Separator

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robiro Molina ◽  
Shoubo Wang ◽  
Luis E. Gomez ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Operational Envelope ◽  
Annular Film

A novel gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC©, ©The University of Tulsa, 1994), equipped with an annular film extractor (AFE), for wet gas applications has been developed and studied experimentally and theoretically. Detailed experimental investigation of the modified GLCC has been carried out for low and high pressure conditions. The results show expansion of the operational envelope for liquid carry-over and improved performance of the modified GLCC. For low pressures, the modified GLCC can remove all the liquid from the gas stream, resulting in zero liquid carry-over (separation efficiency=100%). For high pressure conditions, the GLCC with a single AFE has separation efficiency >80% for gas velocity ratio, vsg/vann≤3. A mechanistic model and an aspect ratio design model for the modified GLCC have been developed, including the analysis of the AFE. The model predictions agree with the experimental data within ±15% for low pressure and ±25% for high pressure conditions.

Wet Gas Separation in Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) Separator

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robiro Molina ◽  
Shoubo Wang ◽  
Luis E. Gomez ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Operational Envelope ◽  
Annular Film

A novel Gas Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©), equipped with an Annular Film Extractor (AFE), for wet gas applications has been developed and studied experimentally and theoretically. Detailed experimental investigation of the modified GLCC has been carried out for low and high pressure conditions. The results show expansion of the operational envelope for liquid carry-over, and improved performance of the modified GLCC. For low pressures, the modified GLCC can remove all the liquid from the gas stream, resulting in zero liquid carry-over. For high pressure conditions, the GLCC with a single AFE has separation efficiency > 80% for gas velocity ratio of < 3. A mechanistic model and an aspect ratio design model for the modified GLCC has been developed, including the analysis of the AFE. The model predictions agree with the experimental data within ± 15% for low pressure and ± 25% for high pressure conditions.

Tangential Wall Jet Flow and Gas Entrainment in Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Compact Separator

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Swaroop Kolla ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Film ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Wall Jet ◽  
Velocity Change ◽  
Gas Entrainment ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Wall Jet Flow ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Operational Envelope

Abstract Gas Carry-Under (GCU) is one of the undesirable phenomena that exist in the Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) separators even within the liquid carry-over Operational Envelope (OE). In order to quantify the GCU, it is important to understand the cause of gas entrainment that occurs in the GLCC other than the incoming entrained gas within the liquid medium. The tangential inclined inlet of 27° with reduced area allows the stratified liquid flow to exit the inlet nozzle tangentially along the wall into the vertical lower part of the GLCC, whereby the liquid film spreads along the wall in an asymmetrical shape. The gas moves to the center of the GLCC and escapes through the gas leg. The liquid film flow is complex and turbulent exhibiting unevenness of the film thickness and asymmetrical velocity distribution. Experimental investigations show that the magnitude of liquid wall jet film tangential and axial velocity change as a function of length along the GLCC below the inlet of the GLCC. This wall jet film flowing down along the wall is the cause for gas entrainment and GCU. The experimental results show that the gas entrainment mechanism is not like the conventional jet entrainment as expected to be occurring in GLCC. The change in velocities of the wall jet film at various liquid heights maintained below the inlet results in varying gas entrainment at various inlet liquid levels and for fluid properties. The wall jet phenomena that takes places at the inlet has been discussed in detail and a mechanistic model capable of predicting the wall jet parameters has been presented in this paper. Further, a novel mechanistic model that is developed for the first time is also presented which can predict the gas entrainment at various liquid levels and flow conditions using the wall jet parameters as an input condition.

Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©) Compact Separators for Wet Gas Applications

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoubo Wang ◽  
Luis E. Gomez ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham ◽  
Gene E. Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Operational Envelope

Abstract Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©1) separators are becoming increasingly popular as attractive alternatives to conventional separators as they are simple, less expensive, have low-weight, and require little maintenance. However, present studies focus on GLCC designs and applications at relatively lower gas velocities (below the minimum velocity for onset of liquid carry-over in the form of mist flow). With appropriate modifications GLCCs can be used for wet gas and high gas oil ratio (GOR) applications, characterized by higher gas velocities, to knock out the liquid droplets from the gas core. The objectives of this study are to design a novel GLCC capable of separating liquid from a wet gas stream; conduct experimental investigations to evaluate the GLCC performance improvement in terms of operational envelope for liquid carryover; and, measure the liquid extraction from the gas stream. Specific design guidelines for wet gas GLCC are also formulated based on the experimental studies. This investigation provides new capabilities for compact separators for wet gas and high GOR (exceeding 90%) applications.

Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©) Compact Separators For Wet Gas Applications

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoubo Wang ◽  
Luis E. Gomez ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham ◽  
Gene E. Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Operational Envelope ◽  
Gas Volume

Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©1) separators are becoming increasingly popular as attractive alternatives to conventional separators as they are simple, compact, less expensive, have low-weight, and require little maintenance. However, present studies focus on GLCC designs and applications at relatively lower gas velocities (below the minimum velocity for onset of liquid carry-over in the form of annular/mist flow). With appropriate modifications, GLCCs can be used for wet gas (high gas liquid ratio, GLR) applications, characterized by higher gas velocities, to knock out the liquid droplets from the gas core. The objectives of this study are to design a novel GLCC capable of separating liquid from a wet gas stream; conduct experimental investigations to evaluate the GLCC performance improvement in terms of operational envelope for liquid carry-over; and, quantify the liquid extraction from the gas stream. GLCC design considerations/guidelines for wet gas application are also provided based on the experimental studies at low pressures. This investigation extends the capabilities of compact separators for wet gas applications for insitu gas volume fraction (GVF) greater than 95%.

A Study on the Effect of Fluid Properties and Watercut on Liquid Carry-Over in Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Compact Separators

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Swaroop Kolla ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Light Oil ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Superficial Gas Velocity ◽  
Operational Envelope

Prediction of the operational envelope (OE-limited range of gas and liquid velocities) for liquid carry-over is essential for the optimized performance of gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC©) compact separators. This study presents for the first time the operational envelop for three-phase gas-oil-water flow incorporating pressure and level control configurations. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of a 3 in. diameter GLCC in terms of OE for liquid carry-over. Experiments were carried out at different watercuts ranging from 0% to 100% utilizing water and two different types of mineral oils namely: light oil and heavy oil with specific gravities of 0.859 and 0.937, respectively. The liquid level was controlled at 6 in. below the GLCC inlet for all the experimental flow conditions. The experimental results indicate that OE for liquid carry-over for three-phase flow is very sensitive to watercut. As the watercut reduces, the OE for liquid carry-over reduces monotonically. Also, the OE for heavy oil (indicated by higher viscosity) reduces as compared to light oil. The superficial gas velocity required to create an annular mist flow in the upper part of the GLCC increases with the increase of watercut and viscosity.

Performance Improvement of Gas Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Separators Using Integrated Level and Pressure Control Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoubo Wang ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham ◽  
Jack D. Marrelli ◽  
Gene E. Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Rate Region ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Pressure Control System ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Operational Envelope ◽  
Integrated Control System

The performance of gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC©) separators for two-phase flow metering loop can be improved by eliminating liquid overflow into the gas leg or gas blow-out through the liquid leg, utilizing suitable integrated control systems. In this study, a new integrated control system has been developed for the GLCC, in which the control is achieved by a liquid control valve in the liquid discharge line and a gas control valve in the gas discharge line. Simulation studies demonstrate that the integrated level and pressure control system is highly desirable for slugging conditions. This strategy will enable the GLCC to operate at constant pressure so as not to restrict well flow and simultaneously prevent liquid carry-over and gas carry-under. Detailed experimental studies have been conducted to evaluate the improvement in the GLCC operational envelope for liquid carry-over with the integrated level and pressure control system. The results demonstrate that the GLCC equipped with integrated control system is capable of controlling the liquid level and GLCC pressure for a wide range of flow conditions. The experimental results also show that the operational envelope for liquid carry-over is improved twofold at higher liquid flow rate region and higher gas flow rate region. GLCC performance is also evaluated by measuring the operational envelope for onset of gas carry-under. [S0195-0738(00)00804-9]

The Effect of the Different Inlet's Structures of the Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) Separator

2019 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Minh Kha Ho ◽  
Thanh Nam Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Vo Tuyen
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Symmetric Square ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Two Phases Flow

The inlet’s geometry is always the core factor that directly affects hydrodynamics and separation efficiency of the cyclone separation types. The Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC) separators have been developed in recent years to separate into single phases of multiphase mixtures in the oil and gas industry. It is used to substitute for the traditional separator that is used over 100 years. However, the action of phases in the instrument is very fast, complicated and unsteady which may cause the difficulty to enhance the performance of the separation phases. Besides, the effect of inlet’s structures over its hydrodynamics and performance is not fully understood. The target of this study is to use experimental modeling for two phases flow (gas-water) to evaluate the effect of inlet geometrical modifications in the reduction of liquid carry-over (LCO). Four different inlet configurations are constructed, namely: One circular inlet, two symmetric circular inlets, one square inlet and two symmetric square inlets with the gradually reduced nozzle. From the results presented in this work, we propose the use of two symmetric inlets to enhance the separator efficiency because of their effects.

Gas Carry-Under in Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone Separator: A Mechanistic Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Swaroop Kolla ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham
Keyword(s):  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Wall Jet ◽  
Gas Entrainment ◽  
Cylindrical Cyclone ◽  
Tangential Wall ◽  
Control Configuration ◽  
Extensive Experimental Data ◽  
Operational Envelope ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract Gas Carry-Under (GCU) is one of the two undesirable phenomena that occur in the GLCC©,1 (Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone) separators when it operates even within the Operational Envelope (OPEN). Earlier studies have shown that maintaining a liquid level below the inlet of the GLCC under control configuration affects the GCU in GLCC. It has been identified that the tangential wall jet is the cause of gas entrainment within the GLCC and has been understood to change with liquid level maintained at the inlet. Also, it has been theorized that effective formation of the vortex formed in the lower part of the GLCC, or a stable gas core enhances the separation of gas entrained in the liquid. At present, there is no mechanistic model which captures these complex physical phenomena in the GLCC. This paper presents a newly developed mechanistic model which can predict the GCU for different flow conditions, fluid properties, and various liquid levels. The proposed model captures the various physical phenomena namely: saturated flow at the inlet, tangential wall jet phenomena, gas entrainment and vortex flow that results in separation of gas. The developed model has been compared with the extensive experimental data and is said to be in good agreement.

Mechanistic Modeling of Liquid Carry-Over for 3-Phase Flow in GLCC© Compact Separators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Swaroop Kolla ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham
Keyword(s):  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Mechanistic Modeling ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Control Configuration ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Operational Envelope ◽  
Proper Operation

Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©) Separators have been in use in petroleum and other related industries for over two decades. Prediction of Liquid Carry-Over Operational Envelope (LCO-OE) is essential for designing and proper operation of GLCC©. Earlier mechanistic models for predicting LCO-OE were based on gas-liquid phase flow. A new mechanistic model has been developed for the prediction of the LCO-OE incorporating the effect of watercut and fluid properties for a GLCC© under liquid level and pressure control configuration. The new model captures the effect of viscosity and surface tension on the LCO-OE and the effect of water cut on the onset of annular mist velocity. Comparison between the developed mechanistic model predictions for LCO-OE with the experimental data show a good agreement.

Miscible blend polyethersulfone/polyimide asymmetric membrane crosslinked with 1,3-diaminopropane for hydrogen separation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur’ Adilah Abdul Nasir ◽  
Ameen Gabr Ahmed Alshaghdari ◽  
Mohd Usman Mohd Junaidi ◽  
Nur Awanis Hashim ◽  
Mohamad Fairus Rabuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Gas Permeation ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Asymmetric Membrane ◽  
Wet Phase Inversion ◽  
Pair Performance ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract Efficient purification technology is crucial to fully utilize hydrogen (H2) as the next generation fuel source. Polyimide (PI) membranes have been intensively applied for H2 purification but its current separation performance of neat PI membranes is insufficient to fulfill industrial demand. This study employs blending and crosslinking modification simultaneously to enhance the separation efficiency of a membrane. Polyethersulfone (PES) and Co-PI (P84) blend asymmetric membranes have been prepared via dry–wet phase inversion with three different ratios. Pure H2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas permeation are conducted on the polymer blends to find the best formulation for membrane composition for effective H2 purification. Next, the membrane with the best blending ratio is chemically modified using 1,3-diaminopropane (PDA) with variable reaction time. Physical and chemical characterization of all membranes was evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Upon 15 min modification, the polymer membrane achieved an improvement on H2/CO2 selectivity by 88.9%. Moreover, similar membrane has demonstrated the best performance as it has surpassed Robeson’s upper bound curve for H2/CO2 gas pair performance. Therefore, this finding is significant towards the development of H2-selective membranes with improved performance.

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