Multiphase Finite Element Modeling of Machining Unidirectional Composites: Prediction of Debonding and Fiber Damage

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinmaya R. Dandekar ◽  
Yung C. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Interfacial Layer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced

A multiphase finite element model using the commercial finite element package ABAQUS/EXPLICIT is developed for simulating the orthogonal machining of unidirectional fiber reinforced composite materials. The composite materials considered for this study are a glass fiber reinforced epoxy and a tube formed carbon fiber reinforced epoxy. The effects of varying the fiber orientation angle and tool rake angle on the cutting force and damage during machining are considered for the glass fiber reinforced epoxy. In the case of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy, only the effect of fiber orientation on the measured cutting force and damage during machining is considered. Two major damage phenomena are predicted: debonding at the fiber-matrix interface and fiber pullout. In the multiphase approach, the fiber and matrix are modeled as continuum elements with isotropic properties separated by an interfacial layer, while the tool is modeled as a rigid body. The cohesive zone modeling approach is used for the interfacial layer to simulate the extent of debonding below the work surface. Bulk deformation and shear failure are considered in the matrix for both the models and the glass fiber. A brittle failure criterion is used for the carbon fiber specimen and is coded in FORTRAN as a user defined material (VUMAT). The brittle failure of the carbon fibers is modeled using the Marigo model for brittle failure. For validation purposes, simulation results of the multiphase approach are compared with experimental measurements of the cutting force and damage. The model is successful in predicting cutting forces and damage at the front and rear faces with respect to the fiber orientation. A successful prediction of fiber pullout is also demonstrated in this paper.

Detection of Delamination in GFRP and CFRP by Microwaves with Focusing Mirror Sensor

2013 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
pp. 142-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Hosoi ◽  
Yuhei Yamaguchi ◽  
Yang Ju ◽  
Yasumoto Sato ◽  
Tsunaji Kitayama
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Plastic

A technique to detect delamination in composite materials by noncontact, rapid and high sensitive microwave reflectometry with a focusing mirror sensor was proposed. The focusing mirror sensor, which has high sensitivity and resolution, is expected to detect delamination sensitively. In this paper, the ability of microwave inspection to detect delamination in glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) was verified. As the results, the existences of 100 μm thick delamination in 3 mm thick GFRP laminate and 2 mm thick CFRP laminate were detected.

Effect of Fiber Orientation on the Flexural Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced, Epoxy- Matrix Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 502-507
Author(s):  
K. Chandra Shekar ◽  
Balasubramaniyan Singaravel ◽  
S. Deva Prasad ◽  
N. Venkateshwarlu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Epoxy Matrix Composite

Advanced continuous polymer matrix composite materials provide considerable increase in flexural property values as compared with their bulk and monolithic counter parts. In this research work the effect of fiber orientation on the flexural strength of epoxy matrix composite materials reinforced with glass fiber was studied. Filament winding technique was employed for fabrication of composite with various fiber orientations. The flexural strength value of the glass fiber reinforced composite was comprehensively studied by means of three point bending flexural test and analysed by scanning electron microscopy. Experiments were conducted as per ASTM standards and it was concluded that reinforcement with 0o orientation of glass fibers shown improved flexural strength as compared to 45o and 90o orientation of fibers.

Compression Molding of Thermoset/Fiber Composites

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Dae Han
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Molding Compound ◽  
Molding Compounds ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
End Use

Glass-fiber-reinforced thermoset composites have long been used by the plastics industry. Two primary reasons for using glass fibers as reinforcement of thermosets are: (1) to improve the mechanical/physical properties (e.g., tensile modulus, dimensional stability, fatigue endurance, deformation under load, hardness, or abrasion resistance) of the thermosets, and (2) to reduce the cost of production by replacing expensive resins with inexpensive glass fibers. In place of metals, the automotive industry uses glassfiber- reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. One reason for this substitution is that the weight per unit volume of composite materials is quite low compared with that of metals. This has allowed for considerable reductions in the fuel consumption of automobiles. Another reason is that composite materials are less expensive than metals. The unsaturated polyester premix molding compounds in commercial use are supplied as sheet molding compound (SMC), bulk molding compound (BMC), or thick molding compound (TMC) (Bruins 1976; Parkyn et al. 1967). These molding compounds can be molded in standard compression or transfer molds. The basic challenge in molding unsaturated polyester premix compounds is to get a uniform layer of glass reinforcement in place in the die cavity while the resin fills the cavity and reaches its gel stage during cure. Temperature, mold closing speed, pressure, and cure time are all functions of the design of the part being produced. The flow of the mixture through the gate(s) can result in variations in strength across the part due to fiber orientation during the flow. The precise end-use properties depend on the fiber orientation, fiber distribution, and fiber content in the premix compounds, which are greatly influenced by the processing conditions. Since the mechanical properties of the molded articles depend strongly upon the orientation of the glass fibers, it is important to understand how to control fiber orientation during molding. Unsaturated polyester accounts for the greater part of all thermosets used in glass-fiber-reinforced plastics. Glass-fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyesters offer the advantages of a balance of good mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties. Depending upon the application, a number of additives are employed to provide specific products or end-use properties.

Investigation of optimum cutting parameters and tool radius in turning glass-fiber-reinforced composite material

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Yardimeden
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced

AbstractGlass-fiber-reinforced composite materials (GFRPs) are used widely in various fields of engineering. Turning is the principal process conducted on these materials for obtaining minimum surface roughness. Machining of GFRP materials is different from traditional style due to their inhomogeneous and anisotropic structures. Optimum machining parameters for specific GFRP materials need to be ascertained for perfect machining. In this study, the influence of cutting parameters and insert radius on the cutting force and surface roughness of GFRP material during machining was investigated. For measuring main cutting force, a three-component piezoelectric crystal type of dynamometer was used. Cutting force and surface roughness were experimentally measured through longitudinal axes of the GFRP material. Through this study, it was observed that high cutting speeds and low feed rates provide the best surface quality in the turning process of GFRP composite materials.

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