Densification, Microstructure, and Behavior of Hydroxyapatite Ceramics Sintered by Using Spark Plasma Sintering

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufeng Li ◽  
Hiroshi Izui ◽  
Michiharu Okano
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

This paper discusses the dependence of the mechanical properties and microstructure of sintered hydroxyapatite (HA) on the sintering temperature and pressure. A set of specimens was prepared from as-received HA powder and sintered by using a spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The sintering pressures were set at 22.3MPa, 44.6MPa, and 66.9MPa, and sintering was performed in the temperature range from 800°Cto1000°C at each pressure. Mechanisms underlying the interrelated temperature-mechanical and pressure-mechanical properties of dense HA were investigated. The effects of temperature and pressure on the flexural strength, Young’s modulus, fracture toughness, relative density, activation energy, phase stability, and microstructure were assessed. The relative density and grain size increased with an increase in the temperature. The flexural strength and Young’s modulus increased with an increase in the temperature, giving maximum values of 131.5MPa and 75.6GPa, respectively, at a critical temperature of 950°C and 44.6MPa, and the fracture toughness was 1.4MPam1∕2 at 1000°C at 44.6MPa. Increasing the sintering pressure led to acceleration of the densification of HA.

Preparation and Properties of β-SiAlON-cBN Composites Using Y2O3, B2O3 and Al as Additives

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 380-383
Author(s):  
Chao He ◽  
Xiao Fei Shi ◽  
Xin Yan Yue ◽  
Jiang Jun Wang ◽  
Hong Qiang Ru
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Crack Deflection ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties

SiAlON-cBN composites with different contents of cBN were consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1450°C using Y2O3, B2O3 and Al as additives. The effect of cBN content on the density, phase compositions, microstructures and mechanical properties of β-SiAlON-cBN composites was investigated. With increasing the cBN content, the density and hardness of β-SiAlON-cBN composites decreased. Fracture toughness could increase thanks to the crack deflection resulted from the cBN particles. For β-SiAlON-10 wt% cBN composites, the optimum hardness and highest relative density were 13 GPa and 96.4 %, respectively. For β-SiAlON-40 wt% cBN composites, the highest fracture toughness was KIC = 5.3 MPa∙m1/2.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZrB2-SiC-ZrSi2 Composites Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

2017 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Chang Chun Lv ◽  
Cheng Biao Wang ◽  
Zhi Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

In this work, we fabricated ZrB2-SiC-ZrSi2 composites containing different fractions (0.5-5 vol.%) of ZrSi2 by spark plasma sintering at 1600 °C under a uniaxial pressure of 30 MPa. The addition effect of ZrSi2 on the composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that the densification of ZrB2-SiC-ZrSi2 composites could be enhanced along with the increase of the added fraction of ZrSi2, with its relative density reaching the maximum of about 85.6% when 3 vol.% of ZrSi2 was added. The hardness of the composites would decrease after the addition of ZrSi2 in the range of 960-1200 HV5. The flexural strength initially increased and then decreased with the addition of ZrSi2, reaching a maximum of about 330 MPa when 3 vol.% of ZrSi2 was added.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of phase-pure bulk Ta4AlC3 prepared by spark plasma sintering and subsequent heat treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Guobing Ying ◽  
Cong Hu ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Cheng Sun ◽  
Dong Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Subsequent Heat Treatment ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

High-purity and bulk Ta4AlC3 ceramics were successfully fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and subsequent heat treatment, using the raw materials including TaC and Ta2AlC powders. These raw materials were first synthesized by self-propagation high temperature synthesis from elements tantalum, aluminium and carbon black powders, followed by pressure-less sintering. The as-fabricated bulk Ta4AlC3 was relatively stable when subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperature of 1500?C. Moreover, prolonging the heat treatment time resulted in bigger grain sizes and higher densities of the Ta4AlC3. The flexural strength and the fracture toughness of the Ta4AlC3 fabricated by SPS were found to be 411MPa and 7.11MPa?m1/2, respectively. After the heat treatment at 1500?C for 8 h, the flexural strength and the fracture toughness of the Ta4AlC3 could reach 709MPa and 9.23MPa?m1/2, respectively. The special structural characteristics of the ternary ceramics and the increase of density after the heat treatment are the main reasons for the variation in mechanical properties of ternary ceramics.

Effect of Sintering Pressure on Mechanical Properties of BN-Si3N4 Ceramic Composites Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Jia Xin An ◽  
Wen Dong Xue ◽  
Feng Rui Zhai ◽  
Ruo Meng Xu ◽  
Jia Lin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Composite Ceramics ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

BN-Si3N4 composite ceramic wave-transparent materials with excellent mechanical properties were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) using h-BN and α-Si3N4 powders as raw materials, Al2O3 and Y2O3 as sintering aids. The influence of sintering pressure on density and mechanical properties of BN-Si3N4 composite ceramics were studied. The phases were observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the microstructures were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that with the sintering pressure increases, the relative density, bending strength and fracture toughness of the composite ceramics were significantly increased, and the porosity decreased rapidly. The effects of pressure on the properties of the composite ceramics was not significant at >40MPa, so 40MPa is optimal for the composite ceramics to gain good overall performance, i.e. the relative density was 89.1%, the porosity was 2.3%, the bending strength reached 215.4 MPa, and the fracture toughness was 3.1/MPa·m1/2.

Synthesis, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZrB2 Ceramic Prepared by Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering

2010 ◽  
Vol 434-435 ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Feng Hu ◽  
Yoshio Sakka ◽  
Tetsuo Uchikoshi ◽  
Tohru Suzuki ◽  
Byung Koog Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Dense bulk ZrB2 ceramic was synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) and followed spark plasma sintering (SPS) using zirconium and boron as initial materials. It was found that MA process was effective to fragment the coarse metal zirconium particles from 45 m to less than 1 m within 20 hours. In comparison with the commercial ZrB2 powder, the as-obtained zirconium and boron mixture powders showed higher sinterability. When the sintering was carried out at 1800oC, the relative density of synthesized ZrB2 samples using mixture powder was above 95%, higher than that of ZrB2 sample prepared using commercial powder (73%). Vickers hardness of those ZrB2 samples was at the same level of 15 GPa. However, the fracture toughness of ZrB2 samples seemed to depend on the heating rate of the SPS process. Corresponding to the heating rates of 10, 50, and 100oC/min, the fracture toughness of as-prepared ZrB2 samples were 3.83, 3.19, and 2.74 MPa•m1/2, respectively.

Mechanical Properties of ZrO2 (Y2O3)-Al2O3 Nanocomposites with Addition of Hydroxyapatite Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

2009 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Feng Li ◽  
Hiroshi Izui ◽  
Michiharu Okano ◽  
Wei Hua Zhang ◽  
Taku Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Hardness Values

TZP-3Y20A/HA composites with addition of different volume fraction of hydroxyapatite (HA) were fabricated successfully using spark plasma sintering (SPS). The densification behavior and mechanical properties of composites are investigated as a function of sintering temperature and HA content respectively. The density of TZP-3Y20A composite increases steadily with temperature and a maximum value of 97.8% is obtained after sintering at 1400°C. Sintering the TZP-3Y20A/HA composites at 1400°C led to the decomposition of HA in the samples. Flexural strength, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness values increase with increasing sintering temperature, show decrease trend with increasing of HA content at the same temperature. They compared well with densities obtained at different sintering temperature. The maximum flexural strength, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness of 967.1 MPa, 5.27 MPam1/2 and 13.26 GPa were achieved for TZP-3Y20A composite respectively. Flexural strength, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness values of TZP-3Y20A/HA composite fell within the value range of dense HA and of TZP-3Y20A composite.

Fabrication of Titanium / Biodegradable-Polymer FGM for Medical Application

2009 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Watanabe ◽  
Yoshimi Iwasa ◽  
Hisashi Sato ◽  
Akira Teramoto ◽  
Koji Abe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Porous Ti ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Spark Plasma

Ti and Ti alloys are widely used as metallic implants, because of their good mechanical properties and nontoxic behavior. However, they have problems as the implant-materials, namely, high Young’s modulus comparing that of bone and low bonding ability with bone. There is a need to develop the Ti and Ti alloys with lower Young’s modulus and good bonding ability. In previous study, Ti composite containing biodegradable poly-L-lactic-acid (PLLA) fiber has been fabricated to improve these problems. However, this composite has low strength because of the imperfect sintering of Ti matrix. To improve its strength, sintering of Ti matrix should be completed. In this study, Ti-NaCl composite material was fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) method using powder mixture of Ti and NaCl to complete the sintering of Ti matrix. To obtain porous Ti samples, Ti-NaCl composite were put into hot water of 100 oC. The porous Ti was dipped into PLLA melt in order to introduce PLLA into the pores of porous Ti. Finally, Ti-PLLA composite was obtained, and PLLA plays a role as reinforcement of Ti matrix. It was found that the Ti-PLLA composite has gradient structure and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Effects of CNT Addition on Mechanical Properties, Electric Conductivity and Oxidation Resistance of Al2O3-TiC Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Hideaki Sano ◽  
Junichi Morisaki ◽  
Guo Bin Zheng ◽  
Yasuo Uchiyama
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Tic Particle

Effects of carbon nanotubes (CNT) addition on mechanical properties, electric conductivity and oxidation resistance of CNT/Al2O3-TiC composite were investigated. It was found that flexural strength, Young’s modulus and fracture toughness of the composites were improved by addition of more than 2 vol%-CNT. In the composites with more than 3 vol%-CNT, the oxidation resistance of the composite was degraded. In comparison with Al2O3-26vol%TiC sample as TiC particle-percolated sample, the Al2O3-12vol%TiC-3vol%CNT sample, which is not TiC particle-percolated sample, shows almost the same mechanical properties and electric conductivity, and also shows thinner oxidized region after oxidation at 1200°C due to less TiC in the composite.

Sintering Performance and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Compacts Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Izui ◽  
Genki Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Tensile Property ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Blended Elemental ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Stabilizing Element

Titanium alloys were produced by blended elemental powder metallurgy (P/M) method. We focused on the effect of alloying elements (Fe, Mo, and Al) on the consolidation and mechanical properties of Ti compacts prepared by spark plasma sintering. The effects of amount of alloying elements and sintering temperature on the relative density and tensile properties of Ti compacts were investigated. The addition of β-stabilizing elements (Fe and Mo) significantly improved the densification of Ti compacts, where the relative density ratio of Ti-5 wt% Mo specimen became higher than 99.9 %, and Ti-5 wt% Fe specimen higher than 99.0 %. On the other hand, the addition of Al as α-stabilizing element led to improve the relative density of Ti-5 wt% Al compact with higher than 99.9 %. The tensile property for sintered Ti-5 wt% Mo compact had the highest elongation of 16 %. It will be discussed the microstructures and tensile property of the compacts.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spark-Plasma-Sintered SiC-TiC Composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong Sik Cho ◽  
Kwang Soon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
Full Density ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Rapid densification of the SiC-10, 20, 30, 40wt% TiC powder with Al, B and C additives was carried out by spark plasma sintering (SPS). In the present SPS process, the heating rate and applied pressure were kept at 100°C/min and at 40 MPa, while the sintering temperature varied from 1600-1800°C in an argon atmosphere. The full density of SiC-TiC composites was achieved at a temperature above 1800°C by spark plasma sintering. The 3C phase of SiC in the composites was transformed to 6H and 4H by increasing the process temperature and the TiC content. By tailoring the microstructure of the spark-plasma-sintered SiC-TiC composites, their toughness could be maintained without a notable reduction in strength. The strength of 720 MPa and the fracture toughness of 6.3 MPa·m1/2 were obtained in the SiC-40wt% TiC composite prepared at 1800°C for 20 min.

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