Microscale Heat and Mass Transfer of Vascular and Intracellular Freezing in the Liver

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Bischof ◽  
B. Rubinsky
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Cell Compartment ◽  
Transfer Equations ◽  
Intracellular Ice Formation ◽  
Intracellular Ice ◽  
Probability Integral ◽  
Cellular Compartments

A set of heat and mass transfer equations is developed to predict vascular as well as intracellular ice formation during freezing in liver tissue. A modified Krogh unit with vascular and cellular compartments is used. In the model intracellular ice formation is predicted by a probability integral with functional dependence on cell compartment volume, temperature, and time. Finite difference computer simulations qualitatively predict the amount and location of vascular and intracellular ice, the temperature distribution in the tissue, and the position of the partial and total freezing interfaces at any time.

Bioheat Transfer With Ken Diller: A Perspective on Intracellular Ice Formation During Freezing of Cells

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Toner ◽  
Ram Devireddy
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Bioheat Transfer ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Intracellular Ice Formation ◽  
Intracellular Ice

Dr. Diller is undoubtedly one of most important researcher in the field of bioheat and mass transfer as it applies to low temperature biology over the last 40 odd years. This talk will highlight his seminal contributions to the field.

KrioBlastTM: A Hyper-Fast Cooling and Thawing Scalable Device for Vitrification of Stem and Other Cells in Large Volumes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir F. Bolyukh ◽  
Igor I. Katkov ◽  
Vsevolod Katkov ◽  
Ilya Yakhnenko
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Intracellular Ice Formation ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Leidenfrost Effect ◽  
Intracellular Ice ◽  
Fast Cooling ◽  
New System

Kinetic (very rapid) vitrification (KVF) is a very promising approach in cryopreservation (CP) of biological materials as it is simple, avoids lethal intracellular ice formation (IIF) and minimizes damaging dehydration effects of extracellular crystallization. Moreover, achieving the ultra-high rates, which would prevent IIF during cooling and devitrification during resuscitation, and achieve KVF for practically any type of cells with one protocol of cooling and re-warming would be the “Holy Grail” of cell cryobiology [3]. However such hyperrapid rates currently require very small sample size which, however, is insufficient for many applications such as stem cells, blood or sperm. As the result, even smallest droplets of 0.25 microliters cannot be vitrified sufficiently fast to avoid the use of potentially toxic external vitrification agents such as DMSO or EG due to the Leidenfrost effect (LFE). In this presentation, we describe an entirely new system for hyperfast cooling of one-two order of magnitude larger samples that we call “KrioBlastTM”, which completely eliminates LFE. We have successfully vitrified up to 4,000 microliters of 15% glycerol solutions, which theoretically corresponds to the critical cooling rate of hundreds of thousands °C/min. We believe that such a system can revolutionize the future cryobiological paradigm.

scholarly journals Innocuous Intracellular Ice Improves Survival of Frozen Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Acker ◽  
Locksley E. Mcgann
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Mdck Cells ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Intracellular Ice Formation ◽  
Intracellular Ice ◽  
Term Storage

Extensive efforts to avoid intracellular ice formation (IIF) during freezing have been central to current methods used for the preservation and long-term storage of cells and tissues. In this study, we examined the effect of intracellular ice formation on the postthaw survival of V-79W fibroblast and MDCK epithelial cells using convection cryomicroscopy and controlled-rate freezing. V-79W and MDCK cells were cultured as single attached cells or as confluent cell monolayers. Postthaw cell survival was assessed using three different indices: the presence of an intact plasma membrane, the ability to reduce alamarBlue, and the capacity to form colonies in culture. Regulating the isothermal nucleation temperature was used to control the incidence of IIF in the model systems. We report that the presence of intracellular ice in confluent monolayers at high subzero temperatures does not adversely affect postthaw cell survival. Further, we show that in the absence of chemical cryoprotectants, the formation of intracellular ice alone improves the postthaw survival of cultured V-79W fibroblast and MDCK epithelial cells. Improved long-term storage of cells and tissues will result by incorporating innocuous intracellular ice formation into current strategies for cryopreservation.

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