The Effect of Ambient Gas Temperature and Density on the Development and Wall Impingement of High-Injection-Pressure Diesel Fuel Sprays

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Yunyi ◽  
Liang Xuanming
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
High Injection ◽  
High Injection Pressure ◽  
Wall Impingement ◽  
Ambient Gas

An investigation of the effect of ambient gas temperature and density on diesel fuel spray penetration, spray angle, and wall impingement at an injection pressure of 75–134 MPa was conducted in a constant-volume bomb with a reconstructed Cummins PT fuel system by using a high-speed photographic technique. The results show that penetration does not increase monotonically with injection pressure, and ambient temperature has more effect on a high-pressure spray than on those with conventional pressures. With the high temperature, the penetration of a high injection pressure spray is reduced a bit, while the spray angle increases obviously. When the high-pressure spray impinges on a wall at ordinary temperature, the rebounding droplets can hardly be seen, but at higher wall temperature, a cloud of dense spray will be observed near the wall, and sometimes a vapor layer will be formed between the spray and the wall. Based on experimental results, an empirical formula considering the effects of both the ambient temperature and injection pressure is presented.

Effect of ultra-high injection pressure up to 50 MPa on macroscopic spray characteristics of a multi-hole gasoline direct injection injector fueled with ethanol

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (8) ◽  
pp. 1092-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yi-qiang Pei ◽  
Jing Qin ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
High Injection ◽  
High Injection Pressure ◽  
Wall Impingement

This research systematically studied the effect of injection pressure on macroscopic spray characteristics of a five-hole gasoline direct injection (GDI) injector fueled with ethanol, especially under ultra-high injection pressure up to 50 MPa. The front and side views of sprays were photographed by the schlieren method using a high-speed camera. Various parameters, including spray development stages, cone angle, penetration, area and irregular ratio, were fully analyzed to evaluate macroscopic characteristics of the whole spray and spray core with varying injection pressure. The results demonstrated that the effect of ultra-high injection pressure on macroscopic spray characteristics was significant. As injection pressure increased from 10 MPa to 50 MPa, the occurrence time of branch-like structure decreased; the cone angle increased little; the area increased significantly; the area ratio dropped by 6.4 and 5.8 percentage points on average for the front view and side view spray, respectively. There was a significant increase in the trend for penetration as the injection pressure rose from 10 MPa to 30 MPa. However, this trend became weak when the injection pressure further increased. The penetration ratio under ultra-high injection pressure was slightly higher than it was under 10 or 20 MPa. Ultra-high injection pressure would not obviously raise the possibility of spray/wall impingement, but led to the impingement quantity increasing to some extent. Increasing injection pressure could enhance the vortex scale, finally resulting in better air/fuel mixing quality. Ultra-high injection pressure was a potential way to improve air/fuel mixture homogeneity for a GDI injector fueled with ethanol.

scholarly journals Spray Structure in Diesel Fuel Spray with High Injection Pressure.

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (597) ◽  
pp. 2079-2085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohisa DAN ◽  
Sayo TAKAGISHI ◽  
Naoki OHISHI ◽  
Jiro SENDA ◽  
Hajime FUJIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Spray Structure ◽  
High Injection ◽  
High Injection Pressure

scholarly journals Image Measurement of Diesel Fuel Spray at High Injection Pressure

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (Supplement1) ◽  
pp. 229-232
Author(s):  
Zhao Min CAO ◽  
Shigehiro MIZUNO ◽  
Koichi NISHINO ◽  
Kahoru TORII
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Image Measurement ◽  
High Injection ◽  
High Injection Pressure

scholarly journals How to Seal Hydraulic Fracturing Boreholes in the Large-Size HDR Rocks under HTHP Conditions

Lithosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (Special 5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Hongwei ◽  
Wan Zhijun ◽  
Yixin Zhao ◽  
Zhou Changbing ◽  
Zhu Chuanqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Large Size ◽  
High Injection ◽  
High Injection Pressure ◽  
Sealing Failure

Abstract The hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a key technique to enhance the permeability and heat production of hot-dry-rock (HDR) geothermal reservoirs. Normally, laboratory HF tests should be preconducted to understand the HF characteristics of HDR samples. However, in the laboratory test, sealing failure between boreholes and injection pipes always limits the experimental efficiency and data accuracy, especially for the HF tests under high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) conditions. Traditional sealing methods, such as rubber and cement sealing, are easy to be failed because of their poor load and/or thermal bear performance under HTHP conditions. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a novel HTHP seal by using wedge-buckled copper components and steel rings. The sealing efficiency was verified by successfully conducting the HF tests of HDR rocks with a dimension of φ200×400 mm under various high temperatures ranging from 100°C to 400°C. As expected, the unfavorable factors such as HTHP and high injection pressure could be turned into favorable ones during the introduced seal method. By this investigation, we expect to provide some sealing solutions for researchers when conducting HF tests under HTHP environments.

Influence of High Injection Pressure on Diesel Fuel Stability: A Study of Resultant Deposits

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 877-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Barker ◽  
Paul Richards ◽  
Mark Goodwin ◽  
Jonathan Wooler
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
High Injection ◽  
High Injection Pressure

Deformation of nozzle, needle, and control plunger of solenoid fuel injector under high injection pressure

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (7) ◽  
pp. 1767-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-wei Wu ◽  
Bai-gang Sun ◽  
Dan Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Longitudinal Deformation ◽  
High Injection ◽  
High Injection Pressure ◽  
And Control

Future diesel engines require the use of solenoid fuel injection system with the ultra-high pressure of more than 2000 bars. The nozzle, needle, and control plunger of the solenoid injector deform under high pressure. This deformation affects the movement characteristics of the needle, thereby influencing the precise control of fuel injection. A test rig is set up to investigate the structural deformation and influencing factors of the solenoid injector under high pressure. The structural deformation of nozzle, needle, and control plunger under different pressures can be obtained by measuring the displacement of the upper end of the control plunger in the axial direction. The experimental longitudinal deformation of nozzle, needle, and control plunger of the solenoid injector, which was selected for the study, reaches 0.109 mm under the pressure of 1600 bars. This value is close to 40% of the maximum needle lift, which is 0.3 mm. Thus, the deformation can no longer be ignored. In view of the solenoid injector deformation under high injection pressure, a three-dimensional calculation model is established. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data. The calculation total longitudinal deformation of nozzle, needle, control plunger, and contact surface reaches 0.238 mm under the pressure of 2500 bars. The structure deformation of solenoid injector with different materials or geometric parameters is calculated under the pressure of 100–2500 bars. The deformation with new materials is 0.198 mm and the deformation with new geometric parameters is 0.0333 mm under the pressure of 2500 bar. These calculations show that the use of shorter control plungers, shorter needles, and larger wall thickness nozzles can effectively reduce injector deformation under high pressure. The results of the study can provide guidance on injector design, which can work with high injection pressure and much accurate injection.

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