Closure to “Discussion of ‘Integration of a New Process Into an Existing Site: A Case Study in the Application of Pinch Technology’” (1991, ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 113, pp. 168–169)

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
B. Linhoff ◽  
F. J. Alanis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
New Process ◽  
Pinch Technology

Evaluations for New Healthcare Environment Commissioning and Operational Decision Making Using Simulation and Human Factors: A Case Study of an Interventional Trauma Operating Room

2021 ◽  
pp. 193758672199966
Author(s):  
Mirette Dubé ◽  
Jason Laberge ◽  
Elaine Sigalet ◽  
Jonas Shultz ◽  
Christine Vis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
New Process ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Operational Decision Making

Purpose: The aim of this article is to provide a case study example of the preopening phase of an interventional trauma operating room (ITOR) using systems-focused simulation and human factor evaluations for healthcare environment commissioning. Background: Systems-focused simulation, underpinned by human factors science, is increasingly being used as a quality improvement tool to test and evaluate healthcare spaces with the stakeholders that use them. Purposeful real-to-life simulated events are rehearsed to allow healthcare teams opportunity to identify what is working well and what needs improvement within the work system such as tasks, environments, and processes that support the delivery of healthcare services. This project highlights salient evaluation objectives and methods used within the clinical commissioning phase of one of the first ITORs in Canada. Methods: A multistaged evaluation project to support clinical commissioning was facilitated engaging 24 stakeholder groups. Key evaluation objectives highlighted include the evaluation of two transport routes, switching of operating room (OR) tabletops, the use of the C-arm, and timely access to lead in the OR. Multiple evaluation methods were used including observation, debriefing, time-based metrics, distance wheel metrics, equipment adjustment counts, and other transport route considerations. Results: The evaluation resulted in several types of data that allowed for informed decision making for the most effective, efficient, and safest transport route for an exsanguinating trauma patient and healthcare team; improved efficiencies in use of the C-arm, significantly reduced the time to access lead; and uncovered a new process for switching OR tabletop due to safety threats identified.

Applications of an Interactive Balancing Procedure for Gas Turbines and Other Turbomachinery

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Allison ◽  
Harold R. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Interactive Approach ◽  
Interactive Method ◽  
Balance Weight ◽  
The Cost

Least squares balancing methods have been applied for many years to reduce vibration levels of turbomachinery. This approach yields an optimal configuration of balancing weights to reduce a given cost function. However, in many situations, the cost function is not well-defined by the problem, and a more interactive method of determining the effects of balance weight placement is desirable. An interactive balancing procedure is outlined and implemented in an Excel spreadsheet. The usefulness of this interactive approach is highlighted in balancing case studies of a GE LM5000 gas turbine and an industrial fan. In each case study, attention is given to practical aspects of balancing such as sensor placement and balancing limitations.

The Implementation of Lean in Emergency Hospital Screening During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Inês Veiga Pereira ◽  
Patricia Oliveira Faria ◽  
Amélia Maria Pinto da Cunha Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Lean Implementation ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Process Implementation ◽  
New Process ◽  
Hospital Culture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Flow Charts ◽  
The City

Healthcare services, in particular, are one of the areas in which Lean can be applied and benefits can be reached through it. In order to analyze the suitability of Lean implementation in healthcare units, this research focused on a case study, namely in Hospital of Santo António emergency area, in the city of Porto, Portugal. The study was conducted in the year 2020, during the pandemic of COVID-19, which forced the change of screening processes. This research analyses and compares the new and previous sorting model and discusses if Lean methodology was applied. It was concluded, through data collected in the interview to the leading nurse, that despite de fact she is not familiar with the Lean concept and methodology, as process simplification and time reduction were taken into account, the new process can be considered Lean. The flow charts that reflect both the sorting structure used in the urgencies before and after were developed. Hospital culture, lack of communication before the new process implementation, and the facilities were some of the identified barriers.

Energetic Study of Gasification System for Bio-Waste as Renewable Energy Resource: Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 44-60
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Mirzaei ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi ◽  
Mahyar Ghazvini ◽  
Ehsan Sobhani ◽  
Giulio Lorenzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Renewable Energy Resource ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Air Content

The expenses, which caused by pollution and limited fossil resources, have convinced scientists to concentrate on renewable resources such as biological waste. Conversion of bio-waste to syntheses gas produces higher heating values in comparison to conventional bioenergy production methods. To produce energy from bio waste, it is important to study on existing technology and using CHP and gas turbines. In this paper a plan for producing electricity and heat at the same time by using bio waste has been proposed. This plan provides a method to produce hybrid gas (combined gas) by using solid bio-waste of Tehran in two forms of wet and dry as a renewable energy resource and steam in a fixed bed gas reactor. This gas is a combination of Hydrogen, Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide Water and some amount of Methane. Selected temperature and pressure for the reactor respectively is1900 [˚F] and 390 [Psi]. As indicated in the results, the best air and steam combination entering fixed bed reactor among 60 different combinations for dry waste is 0.2% of entering fuel volume for steam 0.25% of entering fuel volume for air heating value for this combination is 6471 [BTU/lb]. Furthermore, for the steam volumes of 1.5% to 0.9%, the percentage of H2 in the syngas increases by enhancing the volume of air content.

Is More Less? Benefits and Costs of High-Variety Production in Nonassembled Manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianne E. Laureijs ◽  
Erica R. H. Fuchs ◽  
Kate S. Whitefoot
Keyword(s):  
Product Variety ◽  
Cost Modeling ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
New Process ◽  
Lot Sizes ◽  
Design Attribute ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Assembly Production

While many studies have characterized the costs of product variety in assembly production, there is little research detailing the sources and costs of increased product variety on a nonassembled (fabrication) production line, despite nonassembled products accounting for over 50% of U.S. manufacturing. Our research examines the production-level costs, benefits, and margins associated with producing a variety of nonassembled products, and how design attributes affect these outcomes. We propose a theoretical framework of nonassembled product variety, identifying five general design attributes of nonassembled products that influence product-variety outcomes, and identify potential sources of variety costs and benefits. We then conduct a case study of a plant that produces a large variety of unique products in a single year. We develop a new process-based cost modeling (PBCM) technique to capture the impacts of product variety. Leveraging design of experiments (DOE), we model fourteen representative products, altering the mix of products to focus on each design attribute. In our case study, which has relatively large lot sizes, less customized designs, and less flexible equipment, we find that cost increases related to changeovers between product designs are small relative to cost benefits derived from sharing equipment and labor. We provide a framework illustrating how these results generalize to other contexts, which shows that changeover costs will dominate sharing benefits in environments with more customized designs, produced in smaller lot sizes, and processed on flexible equipment.

Case Study of a Gas Turbine Chronic Failure at Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah N. AlKhudhayr ◽  
Abdulrahman M. AlAdel
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Machine Design ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Major Overhaul ◽  
Gas Industry

Abstract A gas turbine is a reliable type of rotating equipment, utilized in various applications. It is well known in power generation and aviation. In the oil and gas industry, gas turbines are utilized in locations with limited electrical power or a high power driven load requirement, such as offshore or a high-rated power 20MW compressor. Five gas turbines are used as mechanical drive equipment. After a few years of operation, the gas turbines were experiencing high operating temperatures in bearings, turbine compartments, high spread temperature, and the presence of smoke in the exhaust. During a major overhaul of the turbines, oil was found to have accumulated internally in the wrapper casing, along with damage to several internal combustion components. In one case, the exhaust casing experienced severe damage with deformation. This paper presents a case study of a gas turbine failure and its contributors. The paper explains the mitigated solution to overcome the challenges related to the gas turbine operation, maintenance, and machine design.

Applying Combined Pinch and Exergy Analysis to Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine System Design

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Dhole ◽  
J. P. Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Pinch Technology

Pinch technology has developed into a powerful tool for thermodynamic analysis of chemical processes and associated utilities, resulting in significant energy savings. Conventional pinch analysis identifies the most economical energy consumption in terms of heat loads and provides practical design guidelines to achieve this. However, in analyzing systems involving heat and power, for example, steam and gas turbines, etc., pure heat load analysis is insufficient. Exergy analysis, on the other hand, provides a tool for heat and power analysis, although at times it does not provide clear practical design guidelines. An appropriate combination of pinch and exergy analysis can provide practical methodology for the analysis of heat and power systems. The methodology has been successfully applied to refrigeration systems. This paper introduces the application of a combined pinch and exergy approach to commercial power plants with a demonstration example of a closed-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) system. Efficiency improvement of about 0.82 percent (50.2 to 51.02 percent) can be obtained by application of the new approach. More importantly, the approach can be used as an analysis and screening tool for the various design improvements and is generally applicable to any commercial power generation facility.

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