Combustion of Coal-Water Slurry in a Two-Cycle Diesel Engine: Effects of Fuel Amount and Timing

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Uzkan ◽  
C. E. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Energy Of Combustion ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Coal Water Slurry ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Pilot Fuel

Coal-water slurry having micronized coal particles with approximately 50 percent coal loading is successfully ignited and combusted in one cylinder of a two-cylinder 645 EMD engine by using diesel fuel pilot ignition aid. The effects of three different parameters, namely, (a) pilot timing, (b) pilot amount, and (c) CWS fuel amount, are investigated in detail. The physical trends of combustion under single parametric variations are presented in terms of the cylinder pressure, temperature, heat release rates, and cumulative heat release curves. CWS combustion with less than 5 percent of the energy of combustion coming from pilot fuel is achieved.

Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Dual Fuel Engine for Different Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Zhu ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Yufeng Xie ◽  
Xin Geng
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Fuel Delivery ◽  
Soot Emissions

The effects of compression ratio and fuel delivery advance angle on the combustion and emission characteristics of premixed methanol charge induced ignition by Fischer Tropsch diesel engine were investigated using a CY25TQ diesel engine. In the process of reducing the compression ratio from 16.9 to 15.4, the starting point of combustion is fluctuating, the peak of in-cylinder pressure and the maximum pressure increase rate decrease by 44.5% and 37.7% respectively. The peak instantaneous heat release rate increases by 54.4%. HC and CO emissions are on a rising trend. NOx and soot emissions were greatly decreased. The soot emission has the biggest drop of 50%. Reducing the fuel delivery advance angle will make the peak of in-cylinder pressure and the peak of pressure rise rate increase while the peak of heat release rate decreases. The soot emission is negatively correlated with the fuel delivery advance angle. When the fuel delivery advance angle is 16° CA, the soot emissions increased the most by 130%.

Coal-Water-Slurry Autoignition in a High-Speed Detroit Diesel Engine

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Schwalb ◽  
Thomas W. Ryan ◽  
Ramesh M. Kakwani ◽  
Richard E. Winsor
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Coal Water Slurry

Progress on the Investigation of Coal-Water Slurry Fuel Combustion in a Medium-Speed Diesel Engine: Part 5—Combustion Studies

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Hsu ◽  
G. L. Confer ◽  
Z. J. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Engine Part ◽  
Coal Water Slurry

In the GE 7FDL single-cylinder research diesel engine, coal-water slurry (CWS) fuel combustion optimization studies were conducted using electronically controlled CWS and pilot accumulator injectors. The most important performance parameters of peak firing pressure, combustion efficiency (coal burnout), and specific fuel comsumption were evaluated in relationship to CWS and pilot injection timing, CWS injector hole size, shape, and number, CWS fuel injection spray angles and injection pressure. Heat release diagrams, as well as exhaust samples (gaseous and particulate), were analyzed for each case. Interesting effects of fuel spray impingement and CWS fuel “Delayed Ignition” were observed. With the engine operating at 2.0 MPa IMEP and 1050 rpm, it was able to obtain over 99.5 percent combustion efficiency while holding the cylinder firing pressure below 17 MPa and thermal efficiency equivalent to diesel fuel operation.

Combustion Characteristics of Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Fueled with Blends of Thumba Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 451-460
Author(s):  
Manpreet Singh ◽  
Mohd Yunus Sheikh ◽  
Dharmendra Singh ◽  
P. Nageswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Edible Vegetable Oil

The rapid rise in energy requirement and problem regarding atmosphere pollutions, renewable biofuels are the better alternative choice for the internal combustion engine to partially or totally replace the pollutant petroleum fuel. In the present work, thumba (Citrullus colocynthis) non-edible vegetable oil is used for the production of biodiesel and examine its possibility as diesel engine fuel. Transesterification process is used to produce biodiesel from thumba non-edible vegetable oil. Thumba biodiesel (TBD) is used to prepare five different volume concentration (blends) with neat diesel (D100), such as TBD5, TBD15, TBD25, TBD35 and TBD45 to run a single cylinder diesel engine. The diesel engine's combustion parameter such as in-cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, net heat release rate, cumulative heat release, mean gas temperature, and mass fraction burnt analyzed through graphs and compared all thumba biodiesel blends result with neat diesel fuel. The mass fraction burnt start earlier for thumba biodiesel blends compared to diesel fuel because of less ignition delay while peak in-cylinder pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise, maximum net heat release rate, maximum cumulative heat release, and maximum mean gas temperature has found decreased results up to 1.93%, 5.53%, 4.11%, 4.65%, and 1.73% respectively for thumba biodiesel.

scholarly journals Oxygen-Enriched Diesel Engine Performance: A Comparison of Analytical and Experimental Results

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Sekar ◽  
W. W. Marr ◽  
D. N. Assanis ◽  
R. L. Cole ◽  
T. J. Marciniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Oxygen Enrichment ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Release Rates

Use of oxygen-enriched combustion air in diesel engines can lead to significant improvements in power density, as well as reductions in particulate emissions, but at the expense of higher NOx emissions. Oxygen enrichment would also lead to lower ignition delays and the opportunity to burn lower grade fuels. Analytical and experimental studies are being conducted in parallel to establish the optimal combination of oxygen level and diesel fuel properties. In this paper, cylinder pressure data acquired on a single-cylinder engine are used to generate heat release rates for operation under various oxygen contents. These derived heat release rates are in turn used to improve the combustion correlation—and thus the prediction capability—of the simulation code. It is shown that simulated and measured cylinder pressures and other performance parameters are in good agreement. The improved simulation can provide sufficiently accurate predictions of trends and magnitudes to be useful in parametric studies assessing the effects of oxygen enrichment and water injection on diesel engine performance. Measured ignition delays, NOx emissions, and particulate emissions are also compared with previously published data. The measured ignition delays are slightly lower than previously reported. Particulate emissions measured in this series of tests are significantly lower than previously reported.

Progress on the Investigation of Coal-Water-Slurry Fuel Combustion in a Medium-Speed Diesel Engine: Part 3—Accumulator Injector Performance

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Hsu ◽  
G. L. Leonard ◽  
R. N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Engine Part ◽  
Coal Water Slurry

Coal-water-slurry (CWS) engine tests designed to evaluate a new accumulator-based injection system are described in this paper. The new injection system was found to improve CWS burnout considerably at both full and part engine loads. The peak cylinder firing pressure when operating with CWS was no higher than when operating with diesel oil. These data demonstrate the improved engine performance that can be achieved with the accumulator-based injection system.

scholarly journals Characterization of stovetop cooking oil fires

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Hamins ◽  
Sung Chan Kim ◽  
Daniel Madrzykowski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Temperature Heat

A series of cooking fire experiments were conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to examine the hazard associated with cooking oil fires. First, a series of 12 experiments were conducted on a free-standing stove situated in the open. The experiments were based on scenarios outlined in the draft UL 300A standard for fire suppression apparatus. Both the gas and electric ranges were tested. The amount of oil and types of cooking pans were varied in the experiments. Oil was heated on a cooktop burner until autoignition took place. Measurements of oil and pan temperatures, heat release rates, and heat fluxes were made to characterize the hazard of the ensuing fires. Next, two experiments were conducted using a full-scale residential kitchen arrangement to examine the hazard associated with the free-burning oil fires situated within a compartment equipped with commercial furnishings, fiberboard cabinets, and countertops. The dimensions of the test room were 3.6 m × 3.4 m × 2.4 m. Corn oil was heated on a cooktop burner until autoignition took place. Measurements of room temperature, heat fluxes, and heat release rates showed that even small cooktop fires spread and grew ultra-fast within the kitchen compartment.

Impact of Intake Induced Swirl on Combustion and Emissions on a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Barrientos ◽  
Ivan Bortel ◽  
Michal Takats ◽  
Jiri Vavra
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Swirl Ratio ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Optimal Values

Engine induced swirl improves mixing of fuel and air and at optimal values accelerates burn, improves the combustion stability and can decrease particulate matter (PM). However, swirl increases convective heat loss and cylinder charge loss and could increase nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. High intensity of swirl could impede flame development and increases emissions of total hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO). Therefore, careful and smart selection of optimal swirl values is paramount in order to obtain beneficial impact on combustion and emissions performance. This study is conducted on a 0.5L single cylinder research engine with common rail (CR) diesel injection system, with parameters corresponding to modern engines of passenger cars. The engine has three separate ports in the cylinder head. The change of swirl ratio is defined by closing appropriate ports. There are three levels of swirl ratio under study — 1.7, 2.9 and 4.5, corresponding to low, medium and high swirl levels respectively. This study highlights the influence of intake induced swirl on combustion parameters and emissions. Assessed combustion parameters are, among others, heat release rate, cylinder pressure rise and indicated mean effective pressure. Assessed emissions are standard gaseous emissions and smoke, with emphasis on PM emissions. An engine speed of 1500 rpm was selected, which well represents common driving conditions of this engine size. Various common rail pressures are used at ambient inlet manifold pressure (without boost pressure) and at 1 bar boosted pressure mode. It is found that when the swirl level is increased, the faster heat release during the premixed combustion and during early diffusion-controlled combustion causes a quick increase in both in-cylinder pressure and temperature, thus promoting the formation of NOx. However, since swirl enhances mixing and potentially produces a leaning effect, PM formation is reduced in general. However, maximum peak temperature is lower for high swirl ratio and boosted modes due to the increase of heat transfer into cylinder walls. Furthermore, it is necessary to find optimal values of common rail pressures and swirl ratio. Too much mixing allows increase on PM, THC and CO emissions without decrease on NOx emissions in general. Common rail injection system provides enough energy to achieve good mixing during all the injection time in the cases of supercharged modes and high common rail pressure modes. Positive influence of swirl ratio is found at lower boost pressures, lower revolution levels and at lower engine loads. The results obtained here help providing a better understanding on the swirl effects on diesel engine combustion and exhaust emissions over a range of engine operating conditions, with the ultimate goal of finding optimal values of swirl operation.

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