Combustion Engine Performance Diagnostics by Kinetic Energy Measurement

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Mauer ◽  
R. J. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Digital Circuit ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Drive Train ◽  
Front End

The diagnostic technique described in this paper is based on measuring the instantaneous angular speed of both the front end and the flywheel on internal-combustion engines, recording more than 400 speed measurements per engine cycle. Two noncontacting transducers are added to an existing drive train without requiring drive train modifications. A digital circuit, which includes a microprocessor, samples and processes the raw speed data. The numerical analysis includes data noise filtering, and the numerical determination of front end and flywheel speed waveforms. When operating without external load, the engine accelerates only the inertial load. When neglecting friction and the small amount of torsional energy in the crankshaft, it is shown that the engine energy can be modeled as a lumped parameter system consisting of inertia on both engine front and flywheel ends, coupled by a torsional spring. The results from measurements on an eight-cylinder diesel engine with various cylinder faults show that reduced cylinder performance produces a drop of kinetic energy for the faulty cylinder. An engine performance criterion evaluates the performance of each cylinder, based on its contribution to total engine kinetic energy. The results demonstrate that fault conditions are detected with high reliability.

Computationally Efficient Simulation of Multi-Component Fuel Combustion Using a Sparse Analytical Jacobian Chemistry Solver and High-Dimensional Clustering

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Perini ◽  
Anand Krishnasamy ◽  
Youngchul Ra ◽  
Rolf D. Reitz
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Fuel Surrogates

The need for more efficient and environmentally sustainable internal combustion engines is driving research towards the need to consider more realistic models for both fuel physics and chemistry. As far as compression ignition engines are concerned, phenomenological or lumped fuel models are unreliable to capture spray and combustion strategies outside of their validation domains — typically, high-pressure injection and high-temperature combustion. Furthermore, the development of variable-reactivity combustion strategies also creates the need to model comprehensively different hydrocarbon families even in single fuel surrogates. From the computational point of view, challenges to achieving practical simulation times arise from the dimensions of the reaction mechanism, that can be of hundreds species even if hydrocarbon families are lumped into representative compounds, and thus modeled with non-elementary, skeletal reaction pathways. In this case, it is also impossible to pursue further mechanism reductions to lower dimensions. CPU times for integrating chemical kinetics in internal combustion engine simulations ultimately scale with the number of cells in the grid, and with the cube number of species in the reaction mechanism. In the present work, two approaches to reduce the demands of engine simulations with detailed chemistry are presented. The first one addresses the demands due to the solution of the chemistry ODE system, and features the adoption of SpeedCHEM, a newly developed chemistry package that solves chemical kinetics using sparse analytical Jacobians. The second one aims to reduce the number of chemistry calculations by binning the CFD cells of the engine grid into a subset of clusters, where chemistry is solved and then mapped back to the original domain. In particular, a high-dimensional representation of the chemical state space is adopted for keeping track of the different fuel components, and a newly developed bounding-box-constrained k-means algorithm is used to subdivide the cells into reactively homogeneous clusters. The approaches have been tested on a number of simulations featuring multi-component diesel fuel surrogates, and different engine grids. The results show that significant CPU time reductions, of about one order of magnitude, can be achieved without loss of accuracy in both engine performance and emissions predictions, prompting for their applicability to more refined or full-sized engine grids.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic modeling of combustion process of the internal combustion engines – an overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys STEPANENKO ◽  
Zbigniew KNEBA
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
The Moment

The mathematical description of combustion process in the internal combustion engines is a very difficult task, due to the variety of phenomena that occurring in the engine from the moment when the fuel-air mixture ignites up to the moment when intake and exhaust valves beginning open. Modeling of the combustion process plays an important role in the engine simulation, which allows to predict in-cylinder pressure during the combustion, engine performance and environmental impact with high accuracy. The toxic emissions, which appears as a result of fuels combustion, are one of the main environmental problem and as a result the air pollutant regulations are increasingly stringent, what makes the investigation of the combustion process to be a relevant task.

scholarly journals Improving performance parameters of combustion engine for racing purposes

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
T. Polonec ◽  
I. Janoško
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Drive Train ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Race Conditions ◽  
Engine Components ◽  
A Performance

Mechanical parts of stock engine have a performance reserve which could be utilized when the engine is used under the race conditions. Especially normal turbocharged engines have their performance parameters designed to drive in traffic, where a good flexibility, reliability, fuel consumption and a long service life is required. It is possible to utilize the whole power of the engine, when changing or modifying some of its external parts and achieve better performance parameters without modifying or changing internal engine components. Performed changes must be realized thoughtfully and on the admittable level, so the engine and other drive train components would not be damaged. In our study we design several changes of external parts of engine which have a significant impact on the improvement of engine performance parameters. Their contribution has been verified in practice by an engine dynamometer.

Determination of mechanical losses in internal combustion engines

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
I.K. Aleksandrov ◽  
V.A. Rakov ◽  
N.E. Dyimov
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

A method for determining of mechanical losses in an internal combustion engine is proposed, the principal difference of which is the rotation of the engine shaft with compressed air. This method provides high reliability results on reduction of fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances. Keywords ICE, mechanical losses, tests, compressed air [email protected]

Different Approaches for Determination of Internal Combustion Engines Performances

2016 ◽  
Vol 822 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Alexandru Mihai Dima ◽  
Dragos Tutunea ◽  
Marin Bica
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Continue Development ◽  
The World

The automotive industry represents one of the most important segments of the world economy that has to be in a continue development. The latest procedures for determination of an internal combustion engine performance have a big acquisition cost and demand special conditions even if the tested engine has smaller dimensions. The present paper presents other accessible solutions for this matter.

scholarly journals Diagnosing of misfire events in compression-ignition engines with the help of vibroacoustic methods in the aspect of OBD system application in diesel locomotives

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
Jerzy MERKISZ ◽  
Marek WALIGÓRSKI
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Railway Traction

The article concerns the possibilities of use of the method being able to assess of the combustion process and its lack in internal combustion engines of railway traction vehicles, that bases on the use of vibration signal parameters. The paper includes the results of research conducted on the engine test bench with a single cylinder research and compression-ignition engine with direct injection, and tests for the engine of a diesel locomotive in the exploitation condition. Possibility of the vibration signal estimators application to the assessment of a combustion process lack in an internal combustion engine and a high reliability of combustion process diagnostics basing on the above method have been proved.

Study of Combustion Anomalies of H2-ICE With External Mixture Formation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Ciatti ◽  
Thomas Wallner ◽  
Henry Ng ◽  
William F. Stockhausen ◽  
Brad Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Hydrogen Combustion ◽  
Mixture Formation

Although hydrogen is considered one of the most promising future energy carriers, there are several challenges to achieving a “hydrogen economy,” including finding a practical, efficient, cost-effective end-use device. Using hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines is seen as a bridging technology toward a large-scale hydrogen infrastructure. To facilitate high-efficiency, high-power-density use of hydrogen with near-zero emissions in an internal combustion engine, detailed analysis of the hydrogen combustion process is necessary. This paper presents thermodynamic results regarding engine performance and emissions behavior during investigations performed on a single-cylinder research engine fueled by pressurized gaseous hydrogen. Avoiding combustion anomalies is one of the necessary steps to further improve the hydrogen engine power output at high-load operation while, at the same time, reducing fuel consumption and emissions during part-load operation. The overall target of the investigations is an improved combustion concept especially designed for hydrogen-engine-powered vehicles. Future activities include performing optical imaging of hydrogen combustion by using an endoscope. We will also investigate supercharged external mixture formation, as well as hydrogen direct-injection operation.

An Investigation of the Airbox Method of Measuring the Air Consumption of Internal Combustion Engines

1947 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 387-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Kastner
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Constant Flow ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Convenient Means ◽  
Development Engineer

The mass of air taken in per unit time by an internal combustion engine is a quantity of considerable importance in any analysis of engine performance, and a convenient means of measuring this quantity will often be required by the research worker or development engineer. Where reciprocating engines are concerned, the problem of measurement is not easy, since the flow is of a pulsating nature, for which “constant flow” types of measuring apparatus will, in general, be unreliable. A few suitable methods for measuring pulsating flows have, however, been devised, and what is generally known as the “airbox method”—consisting of the use of a measuring orifice in conjunction with a smoothing capacity—has often been employed, mainly because of its simplicity and the ease with which the necessary apparatus can be constructed. The work of Watson and Schofield (Proc. I.Mech.E., 1912, p. 517) has been of great value to users of the airbox method, but, though it has to some extent been supplemented by later investigations, several important questions still remain unanswered. The experiments described in the present paper represent an attempt to furnish additional information, in particular as regards the amplitude of the pressure fluctuations occurring in boxes of inadequate size and the errors in measurement produced thereby, a simple theory being given to account for these latter. The various factors governing the design of a reliable airbox meter are discussed, and it is shown that they can be related to the value of a dimensionless criterion which may be determined for any given engine.

scholarly journals A design concept of a device for measuring air flow resistance in vehicle filters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Misztuk
Keyword(s):  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Air Intake

Internal combustion engines have to be supplied with adequate amounts of fuel and air. The required amount of fuel and air is determined by the engine controller to guarantee that the fuel reaching the cylinder is burned effectively and that the composition of exhaust gas meets standard requirements. The air supplied to an internal combustion engine has to be adequately filtered because impurities reaching the engine can accelerate the wear of engine components. The air intake system features a filtering partition which captures impurities and prevents them from reaching the engine. However, the filtering process decreases the rate at which cylinders are filled with fresh air, which can compromise engine performance. Therefore, effective solutions are needed to ensure that the flow of filtered air does not significantly decrease the volumetric efficiency of cylinders.  This study presents a design concept of a device for measuring pressure in the air intake system in front of and behind the filtering partition. The proposed device can be useful for measuring filter wear. A prototype of the proposed device was built and tested on several air filters. To eliminate throttle valve impacts, the device was tested in a compression ignition engine. The results of the conducted tests demonstrated that the device correctly measured air flow. The conducted measurements also revealed that the presence of impurities in the air filter induced differences in pressure in the air intake system in front of and behind the filtering partition. The maximum air flow resistance in a clogged filter could be even 100% higher than in a brand new filter. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono koncepcję stanowiska umożliwiającego prowadzenie pomiarów ciśnienia panującego w kanale dolotowym silnika przed i za przegrodą filtracyjną powietrza, które mogą być przydatne przy określaniu stopnia jej zużycia. Dodatkowo zbudowano prototyp urządzenia i w celu weryfikacji poprawności jego działania przeprowadzono za jego pomocą badania przykładowych filtrów. Badania wykonano z użyciem silnika spalinowego o zapłonie samoczynnym. Wyniki pomiarów potwierdzają działanie urządzenia oraz obrazują zależności pomiędzy filtrami o różnym stopniu zużycia. Okazuje się, że maksymalny opór przepływu zużytego wkładu filtracyjnego może być nawet o ok. 100% większy niż w przypadku nowego wkładu filtracyjnego.

scholarly journals Unambiguous Identification of Key Molecular Species in Deposits Responsible for Increased Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max K. Edney ◽  
Joseph S. Lamb ◽  
Matteo Spanu ◽  
Emily F. Smith ◽  
Elisabeth Steer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Engine Fuel

<p>Clean and efficient internal combustion engine performance will play a significant role in the move to a decarbonized energy system. Currently, fuel deposit formation on engine components negatively impacts CO2 and pollutant emissions, where previous attempts at deposit characterization afforded non-diagnostic chemical assignments. Here, we uncover the identity and 3D spatial distribution of molecular species from gasoline, diesel injector and filter deposits with the 3D OrbiSIMS technique. Alkylbenzyl sulfonates, derived from lubricant oil contamination in the engine fuel cycle, were common to samples, we evidence transformation of the native sulfonate to longer chain species by reaction with fuel fragments in the gasoline deposit. Inorganic salts, identified in both diesel deposits, were prevalent throughout the injector deposits depth. We identified common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons up to C66H20, these were prevalent in the gasoline deposits lower depths. This work will enable deposit mitigation by unravelling their chemical composition, spatial distribution, and origins.</p>

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