A Study of Impact Response of Composite Pipe

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Pang ◽  
A. A. Kailasam
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Composite Pipe ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of the low-velocity impact phenomena of composite pipe. The focus was on test method development, and material and damage characterization. A drop weight tower tester was designed in this investigation. The dynamic tests were conducted using three different impactor geometries, velocities, and masses. It was found that the damage was localized and on the outer surface of the pipe in the case of the conical and wedge tip impactors. On the other hand, the damage zone was larger than the impact zone for the hemispherical impactor, and cracks were first seen within the inner surface of the pipe. This implies that the hemispherical tip impactor caused more damage to the pipe than the conical or wedge tips. The energy absorbed slightly increased with an increase in velocity or in mass. The contact period for the conical impactor was the longest. The velocity and mass of the impactor had only a slight effect on that period. The wedge impactor generated the largest peak force. The energy absorbed by the two composite pipes under low-velocity impact was studied. The specimen-1, Derakane 411-45 resin with less glass fiber, seemed to absorb more energy compared to the specimen-2, Derakane 470-36 resin with more glass fiber. In addition, the specimen-2 exhibited a slightly higher maximum impact force. Therefore, impact response is sensitive to fiber content.

Low-velocity impact response of pre-stressed glass fiber/nanotube filled epoxy composite tubes

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832096155
Author(s):  
Mustafa Taşyürek ◽  
Memduh Kara
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Force Time ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to investigate the low velocity impact behavior of pre-stressed glass fiber/epoxy (GRP) nanocomposite tubes. During the production of filament wound tubes with a winding angle of ±55°, carbon nanotubes (CNT) were introduced to the epoxy resin at 0.5%wt and 1.0%wt by ultrasonic method. The nanocomposite tubes were pre-stressed to 32 bars internal pressure, one of the specified operating pressures according to ANSI/AWWA C950 standards. Low velocity impact tests were performed on the pure and CNT added pre-stressed GRP tubes at 5, 10 and 15 Joule energy levels. As a result of the experiments, the contact force-time, force-displacement graphs and absorbed energy values by the samples were obtained. In addition, the damage zones on the specimens were investigated. The effects of CNT reinforcements on the impact response and damage mechanisms of the specimens were evaluated. By adding CNT, it was observed that the damage areas of the samples decreased and was found to affect the impact response of nanocomposite tubes.

Influence of patch lay-up configuration and hybridization on low velocity impact and post-impact tensile response of repaired glass fiber reinforced plastic composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Jefferson Andrew ◽  
Sivakumar M Srinivasan ◽  
A Arockiarajan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to investigate the effect of homogenous and hybrid external patches based on plain weave woven glass and Kevlar fabric on low velocity impact and quasi-static tensile after impact response of adhesively bonded external patch repairs in damaged glass/epoxy composite laminates. In all hybrid patches, the proportion of Kevlar and glass fibers were equal (i.e. 50% of Kevlar and 50% of glass by volume fraction), while lay-up configuration was different. This further enables to study the associated effect of hybridization and lay-up configuration on impact response of the repaired laminates. The intent of using hybrid external patches is to combine the excellent high displacement-to-failure property of Kevlar fiber as a ductile reinforcement with the superior mechanical property of glass fiber as a brittle reinforcement. The effect of glass/Kevlar content on impact response and tensile after impact response was investigated for various incident impact energy levels, such as 2, 4, 6, and 8 J. Results showed that hybridization and lay-up configurations of the external patches played a significant role on low velocity impact and quasi-static tensile after impact response of the repaired glass/epoxy specimens. Specimens repaired using intra-ply hybrid patches showed better impact properties and damage tolerance capability than that of the virgin and other repaired specimens. In specific, the use of intra-ply hybrid patches reduced the impact energy absorption by 10.17% in comparison to the virgin specimens at impact energy of 8 J.

Response and failure modes of biaxial warp-knitted flexible composite subject to low-velocity impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110154
Author(s):  
Ziyu Zhao ◽  
Tianming Liu ◽  
Pibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Flexible Composites ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, biaxial warp-knitted fabrics were produced with different high tenacity polyester linear density and inserted yarns density. The low-velocity impact property of flexible composites made of polyurethane as matrix and biaxial warp-knitted fabric as reinforcement has been investigated. The effect of impactor shape and initial impact energy on the impact response of flexible composite is tested. The results show that the initial impact energy have minor effect on the impact response of the biaxial warp-knitted flexible composites. The impact resistance of flexible composite specimen increases with the increase of high tenacity polyester linear density and inserted yarns density. The damage morphology of flexible composite materials is completely different under different impactor shapes. The findings have theoretical and practical significance for the applications of biaxial warp-knitted flexible composite.

Repeated low-velocity impact response and damage mechanism of glass fiber aluminium laminates

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 995-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Li ◽  
Lingyu Sun ◽  
Taikun Wang ◽  
Ning Kang ◽  
Wan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact

Dynamic response of a size-dependent nanobeam to low velocity impact by a nanoparticle with considering atomic interaction forces

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (18) ◽  
pp. 6640-6655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Noroozi ◽  
Majid Ghadiri ◽  
Asghar Zajkani
Keyword(s):  
Nonlocal Parameter ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Strain Gradient Theory ◽  
Atomic Interaction ◽  
Gradient Theory ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
The Impact

In the present paper, low velocity impact response of a size-dependent nanobeam in a thermal field with uniform temperature distribution has been investigated. The van-der Waals interaction force based on description of Lennard–Jonses is considered as the impact force between nanoparticle and nanobeam. According to third-order shear deformation beam theory, the governing equations are obtained using Hamilton's principle based on nonlocal strain-gradient theory. The Galerkin's method was adopted to solve the differential equations of nanobeam with simply supported and clamped boundary conditions. Afterward, the system of time-dependent equations by applying the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is solved. The parametric study is presented to examine the effect of particle radius, initial velocity, temperature environment, the nonlocal parameter, and the length-scale parameter on the impact response of nanobeam.

Effect of Foam Core Density and Facesheet Thickness on the Low Velocity Impact Response of Foam Core Sandwich Composites

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Motuku ◽  
R. M. Rodgers ◽  
S. Jeelani ◽  
U. K. Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Foam Core ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Core Density ◽  
Failure Characteristics ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The effect of foam core density and facesheet thickness on the low velocity impact response and damage evolution in homogeneous foam core sandwich composites was studied. The failure characteristics, initiation and evolution of damage as well as the effect of impact energy were investigated. A Dynatup 8210 Impact Test Machine was utilized to conduct the low-velocity impact tests. Characterization of the impact response was performed by comparing the impact load histories, impact plots and failure characteristics. Fractography analysis was conducted through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. Three types of foam cores with different densities, namely Airlite B12.5, Rohacell IG-71R63 and Airex R63.5 foam cores, were used to study the effect of core density. Considering four groups of facesheets made of different layers of cross-ply carbon prepregs performed the effect of facesheet thickness. For all the facesheet thicknesses (0.011-0.894-cm thick) and impact energy (11-40 J) range considered in this study, the maximum load (Pm), deflection-at-maximum load (δm) and time-to-maximum load (tm) exhibited strong influence or dependence on the type of foam core as opposed to the facesheet thickness. The energy-to-maximum load (Em), total energy absorbed (Et) and total energy-to-impact energy (Et/Eimp) ratio became less sensitive on the foam core density (or type) with increasing facesheet thickness. A transition point from foam core to facesheet controlled impact behavior as a function of impact energy level was observed. The impact parameters varied either linearly or parabolically with impact energy depending on the impact energy level, type of foam core and facesheet thickness. Excellent repeatability of impact data was generally obtained with increase in foam core density.

Acoustic Emission Analysis of Composite Laminates under Low Velocity Impact

2010 ◽  
Vol 118-120 ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Xiao Yan Tong ◽  
Xiang Zheng ◽  
Lei Jiang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Impact

One of the problems preventing the industrial application of composites is the lack of an efficient method to detect and discriminate among types of damage occurring during service. To solve this problem, low velocity impact experiments are carried out on T300/QY8911 composite laminates. And synchronously, the acoustic emission (AE) technique and impact monitoring systems were used to record the AE signals and the impact force. The damage evolution, damage modes and acoustic emission (AE) activity were easily detected and evaluated by the analysis of both AE waveform and impact load. In this way, the damage development process containing matrix cracking, delamination and fibers breakage is investigated. The energy release of damage are theoretically approximated and correlated with the AE energy. By the theory, the “high energy damage zone” is defined in the scatter diagrams of amplitude-frequency. It is easily to prove that the primary damage mode of “high energy damage zone” is delamination.

The Effect of Hybridization of the Glass Fiber-Flexible Modified Epoxy and Rigid Epoxy Composite Properties under Low-Velocity Impact

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Liyana Mamauod ◽  
Mohd Hanafiah Abidin ◽  
Ahmad Zafir Romli
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Rigid Polymer ◽  
Brittle Phase ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modified Epoxy

In the present study, experiment was carried out to investigate the impact properties of flexible and rigid polymer reinforced with E-glass fiber, under low velocity impact. The experimental work includes preparing the cured glassflexible modified epoxy and placed it onto the uncured glass-epoxy composite samples. The experimental results prove that the hybridization improves the impact strength of laminates. The flexibility segments that were introduced into the epoxy system increased the penetration impact resistance value. Hence more impact energy is required to perforate the samples compared to epoxy composite system which is brittle phase.

Low-Velocity Impact Response Characterization of a Hybrid Titanium Composite Laminate

Materials ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bernhardt ◽  
M. Ramulu ◽  
A. S. Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Graphite Fibers ◽  
The Impact

The low-velocity impact response of a hybrid titanium composite laminate (HTCL), known as TiGr, was compared to that of graphite/epoxy composite. The TiGr material comprised of two outer plies of titanium foil surrounding a composite core. The composite core was PIXA-M (a high temperature thermoplastic) reinforced by IM-6 graphite fibers and consolidated by an induction heating process. The impact response of TiGr was characterized by two modes of failure which differed by failure or non-failure in tension of the bottom titanium ply. The ductility of titanium caused buckling by yielding whereas the brittle adjacent composite ply lead to fracture. The maximum failure force of the material correlated well with the previously reported static flexural data, and the material outperformed the commonly used graphite/epoxy.

The Low-Velocity Impact Response of Sandwich Panels

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 1149-1152
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiong Zha ◽  
Hong Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Impact Force ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
The Impact

The low velocity impact response of sandwich panels at different energy levels has been investigated by conducting drop-weight impact tests using an instrumented falling-weight impact tower. Impact parameters like maximum impact force and the extent of the damage were evaluated and compared for different types of sandwich panels. Finite elements simulations have been undertaken using the LS-DYNA software; the results of FE simulations have a good agreement with the experiments. It shows that, the impact force increased with thickness of face-sheets and foam core, the extent of the damage increased with the impact energy, sandwich panels with steel face sheet has a good impact resistance in comparison with sandwich panel with aluminum face sheets.

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