Data Management for the Evaluation of Residual Stresses by the Incremental Hole-Drilling Method

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Vangi
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Incremental Hole Drilling ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Thickness Variations ◽  
Stress Variations

The semidestructive incremental hole-drilling method commonly used to evaluate residual stresses is exceedingly sensitive to experimental errors, with sensitivity increasing as hole depth increases. To determine stress variations through the engine thickness, it is necessary to use accurate drilling methods, as well as suitable mathematical models and procedures to minimize the errors associated with residual stress measurement. This work examines the effects of measurement errors on the evaluation of residual stresses with the integral method. An enhanced procedure for managing the experimental data is proposed that allows evaluation of the residual stresses with thickness variations.

scholarly journals The Effect of Specimen Size on Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welded Aluminum Components

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulf Pfeiffer ◽  
Eduard Reisacher ◽  
Michael Windisch ◽  
Markus Kahnert
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Specimen Size ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Metal Parts ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Incremental Hole Drilling ◽  
Drilling Method

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a well-known technique which allows joining of metal parts without severe distortion. Because FSW involves less heat input relative to conventional welding, it may be assumed that cutting specimens from larger friction stir welded components results in a negligible redistribution of residual stresses. The aim of the investigations was to verify these assumptions for a welded aluminum plate and a circumferentially-welded aluminum cylinder. Strain gage measurements, X-ray diffraction and the incremental hole drilling method were used.

Potentialities of Ultrasonics for Evaluating Residual Stresses: Influence of Microstructure

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Walaszek ◽  
H. P. Lieurade ◽  
C. Peyrac ◽  
J. Hoblos ◽  
J. Rivenez
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Thermal Relaxation ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Incremental Hole Drilling ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements

The good control of residual stress level in mechanical components is an important factor, particularly for a good fatigue strength of these components. This paper presents advances obtained at the technical center for mechanical engineering industries (CETIM) in the field of development of an ultrasonic method for stress measurements. This method is potentially advantageous because it is nondestructive, has good portability, and is easy to use. In the paper are discussed the results obtained with ultrasonics on steel welded plate, and a comparison is made with stress measurement obtained by incremental hole-drilling method, and X-ray diffraction. These results are also validated by thermal relaxation of the plates. The paper discusses also the microstructure influence on ultrasonic measurements and methods for adjusting the ultrasonic measurements to improve the agreement with results obtained from other techniques. In conclusion is emphasized the interest for studying the ability of the ultrasonic residual stress measurement method in different industrial cases.

scholarly journals Influence of Hydrothermal Ageing on the Residual Stresses and Mechanical Behavior of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Laminates

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 958-963
Author(s):  
Zhong Meng Wen ◽  
Xiao Lu Gong
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Hydrothermal Condition ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Incremental Hole Drilling ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
The Relationship

In this work, the residual stresses for composite laminates [02/θ2]S determined by means of the incremental hole-drilling method with a formula to express the relationship between the residual stresses and the relaxed strains around the drilled hole. Then the ageing tests related to hydrothermal condition are carried out to analyze the influence on the residual stress redistributions and also on the mechanical behaviors of the carbon/epoxy laminates.

Inverse Hole-Drilling Method for Residual Stress Investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Vaclavik ◽  
Stanislav Holy ◽  
Jiří Jankovec ◽  
Petr Jaros ◽  
Otakar Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Stress Evaluation ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Strain Gauge Rosette

The method for residual stress measurement using through the hole drilling and investigation of the residual stresses relief with the help of incremental layers removing is presented. Drilling the rosette-hole from the opposite side – the inverse layers removing – have to be used for evaluation of residual stress near the back side of the object wall in cases when this surface is inaccessible for any hole-drilling instrument. The strain gauge rosette is installed on the opposite side of the drilled wall and a new mechanical task of incremental layers removal must be solved. The calibration constants for residual stress evaluation of HBM RY21 type rosette for this case were derived using numerical modeling by FEA and its experimental verification.

Thermal Stress Measurement in Continuous Welded Rails Using the Hole-Drilling Method

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhu ◽  
Francesco Lanza di Scalea ◽  
Mahmood Fateh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Continuous Welded Rail (CWR) has been widely used in modern railway system for it provides smooth ride, higher freight speed, and less maintenance. A major safety concern with this type of structure is the absence of the expansion joints and the potential of buckling in hot weather. According to the FRA safety statistics, the track alignment irregularity is one of the leading factors responsible for the accidents and the most economic/environmental damages, among all the railway accident causes. However, the thermal stress measurement in the CWR for buckling prevention has been an unresolved problem in railroad maintenance. In this study, a method is introduced to determine the in-situ thermal stress of the in-service CWR by using the Hole-Drilling method. The ASTM Hole-Drilling test procedure, as one type of stress relaxation methods, was originally developed to measure the in-plane residual stresses close to the specimen surfaces. The residual stresses are typically computed based on the relieved strains with the calibration coefficients. Inspired by the stress relaxation philosophy, an investigation on the thermal stress measurement of the CWR using the Hole-Drilling test procedure is conducted in this paper. First, the feasibility of using the Hole-Drilling method of the thermal stress measurement is examined via a 3-D finite element model. The stress relaxation computed from the Hole-Drilling test is compared with the applied uniaxial thermal stress. To facilitate the implementation on the CWR, a new set of calibration coefficients with finer depth increment is computed with a novel three-dimensional finite element model for more realistic simulation. The updated coefficients are experimentally validated with an aluminum column specimen under uniaxial load. For the experimental studies, a roadside prototype is developed and two sets of tests are carried out on free-to-expand rail tracks and on rails subjected to controlled thermal loads at UCSD Powell Laboratories. The relieved stresses are computed using the updated calibration coefficients, and a linear relationship between the axial and vertical residual stresses at the neutral axis is observed for both 136RE and 141RE rails. Furthermore, the in-situ thermal stresses are estimated with the residual stress compensation and the neutral temperatures are predicted according to linear thermal expansion theory. These tests illustrate that the determination of the thermal stresses by the Hole-Drilling method is in principle possible, once ways are developed to compensate for the residual stress relaxation. One such compensation is proposed in this paper. A statistical interpretation on the proposed method is also given to provide a reference for railroad applications.

Measurement of Residual Stresses Near the Surface Using the Crack Compliance Method

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Cheng ◽  
I. Finnie ◽  
O¨. Vardar
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Strain Measurement ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Residual Stress Measurement ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method

The use of thin cuts for residual stress measurement is referred to as the crack compliance method. A computational model is presented for the determination of normal and shear residual stresses near the surface by introducing shallow cuts. The optimum regions for strain measurement are obtained. This method is shown to be considerably more sensitive than the conventional hole drilling method and is capable of measuring residual stresses which vary with depth below the surface.

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