Method and Detailed Analysis of Individual Hydrocarbon Species From Diesel Combustion Modes and Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manbae Han ◽  
Dennis N. Assanis ◽  
Timothy J. Jacobs ◽  
Stanislav V. Bohac
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Combustion Processes

An undiluted exhaust hydrocarbon (HC) speciation method, using flame ionization detector gas chromatographs, is developed to investigate HC species from conventional and low-temperature premixed charge compression ignition (PCI) combustion pre- and postdiesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) exhaust. This paper expands on previously reported work by describing in detail the method and effectiveness of undiluted diesel exhaust speciation and providing a more detailed analysis of individual HC species for conventional and PCI diesel combustion processes. The details provided regarding the effectiveness of the undiluted diesel exhaust speciation method include the use of a fuel response factor for HC species quantification and demonstration of its linearity, detection limit, accuracy, and precision. The listing of individual HC species provides not only the information needed to design surrogate exhaust mixtures used in reactor tests and modeling studies but also sheds light on PCI combustion and DOC characteristics. Significantly increased engine-out concentrations of acetylene, benzene, and toluene support the theory that net soot reduction associated with PCI combustion occurs due to the reduction of soot formation (as opposed to increased soot oxidation). DOC oxidation behavior differs depending on the combustion characteristics, which change exhaust species and temperature.

Method and Detailed Analysis of Individual Hydrocarbon Species From Diesel Combustion Modes and Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manbae Han ◽  
Stanislav V. Bohac ◽  
Timothy J. Jacobs ◽  
Dennis N. Assanis
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Soot Precursors ◽  
Diesel Oxidation ◽  
Combustion Processes

An undiluted exhaust hydrocarbon (HC) speciation method, using flame ionization detector (FID) gas chromatographs (GC), is developed to investigate HC species from conventional and low-temperature premixed charge compression ignition (PCI) combustion, from pre- and post-diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) exhaust. This paper expands on previously reported work by describing in detail the method and effectiveness of undiluted diesel exhaust speciation and providing a more detailed analysis of individual HC species for conventional and PCI diesel combustion processes. The details provided regarding the effectiveness of the undiluted diesel exhaust speciation method include the use of a fuel response factor (RF) for HC species quantification and demonstration of its linearity, detection limit, accuracy and precision. The listing of individual HC species provides not only the information needed to design surrogate exhaust mixtures used in reactor tests and modeling studies, but also sheds light on PCI combustion and DOC characteristics. Significantly increased engine-out concentrations of acetylene, benzene and toluene support the theory that net soot reduction associated with PCI combustion occurs due to the reduction of soot formation from soot precursors. DOC oxidation behavior differs depending on the combustion characteristics, which change exhaust species and temperature.

Applicable Diesel Oxidation Catalyst for Multi-Diesel Exhaust System

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 496-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Goto ◽  
Naohiro Kato ◽  
Shota Kawashima ◽  
Yoshiyuki Hayashi ◽  
Hideki Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Diesel Oxidation

Thermally stable metal ruthenate based soot oxidation catalyst for diesel exhaust emission control

2007 ◽  
Vol 42-43 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin K. Labhsetwar ◽  
M. Dhakad ◽  
S. S. Rayalu ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
J. Subrt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Thermally Stable ◽  
Diesel Exhaust Emission Control

Feasibility study towards a Cu/K/Mo/(Cl) soot oxidation catalyst for application in diesel exhaust gases

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 365-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P.A. Neeft ◽  
Wiebe Schipper ◽  
Guido Mul ◽  
Michiel Makkee ◽  
Jacob A. Moulijn
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Exhaust Gases

scholarly journals Development of trace analysis for alkyl methanesulfonates in the delgocitinib drug substance using GC-FID and liquid–liquid extraction with ionic liquid

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1020-1029
Author(s):  
Shinkichi Nomura ◽  
Yoshiharu Ito ◽  
Shigehiko Takegami ◽  
Tatsuya Kitade
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Drug Substance ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Chloride Water

AbstractAlkyl methanesulfonates are genotoxic impurities that should be limited to an intake of not more than 1.5 µg/day, as regulated by the International Council for Harmonization guideline M7. We herein report a trace analysis of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), and isopropyl methanesulfonate (IPMS) in the delgocitinib drug substance using liquid–liquid extraction, with an ionic liquid as the sample-solving medium, and direct injection gas chromatography detected with a flame-ionization detector. The proposed method takes advantage of the fine solubility of ionic liquids toward the drug substance, the good extraction efficiency of alkyl methanesulfonates in liquid–liquid extraction using the Chem Elut cartridge with low-polar organic solvents, and the ability of alkyl methanesulfonates to concentrate in minimum amounts of organic solvent, resulting in excellent sensitivity and selectivity. Specifically, for the preparation of the sample solution, a mixture of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, water, and acetonitrile was used as the sample-solving media, extracted with diethyl ether, and the eluent was concentrated to 1 mL. The method showed good linearity, accuracy, and precision from 1 to 5 ppm, and the limits of detection of MMS, EMS, and IPMS were 0.1, 0.05, and 0.05 ppm, respectively.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pressure and Hydrocarbons on NOx Abatement over Cu- and Fe-Zeolites at Pre-Turbocharger Position

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Deniz Zengel ◽  
Simon Barth ◽  
Maria Casapu ◽  
Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Oxidation Of Hydrocarbons ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Positioning the catalysts in front of the turbocharger has gained interest over recent years due to the earlier onset temperature and positive effect of elevated pressure. However, several challenges must be overcome, like presence of higher pollutant concentrations due to the absence or insufficient diesel oxidation catalyst volume at this location. In this context, our study reports a systematic investigation on the effect of pressure and various hydrocarbons during selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 over the zeolite-based catalysts Fe-ZSM-5 and Cu-SSZ-13. Using a high-pressure catalyst test bench, the catalytic activity of both zeolite catalysts was measured in the presence and absence of a variety of hydrocarbons under pressures and temperatures resembling the conditions upstream of the turbocharger. The results obtained showed that the hydrocarbons are incompletely converted over both catalysts, resulting in numerous byproducts. The emission of hydrogen cyanide seems to be particularly problematic. Although the increase in pressure was able to improve the oxidation of hydrocarbons and significantly reduce the formation of HCN, sufficiently low emissions could only be achieved at high temperatures. Regarding the NOx conversion, a boost in activity was obtained by increasing the pressure compared to atmospheric reaction conditions, which compensated the negative effect of hydrocarbons on the SCR activity.

scholarly journals Molecular dynamics simulation of soot formation during diesel combustion with oxygenated fuel addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (36) ◽  
pp. 20829-20836
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Xi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Oxygenated Additives ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel

The morphology of nascent soot and the effect of oxygenated additives on sooting mitigation at a constant temperature of 3000 K.

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