Three Dimensional Printing: Rapid Tooling and Prototypes Directly from a CAD Model

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sachs ◽  
M. Cima ◽  
P. Williams ◽  
D. Brancazio ◽  
J. Cornie
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ink Jet Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Three Dimensional Printing is a process for the manufacture of tooling and functional prototype parts directly from computer models. Three Dimensional Printing functions by the deposition of powdered material in layers and the selective binding of the powder by “ink-jet” printing of a binder material. Following the sequential application of layers, the unbound power is removed, resulting in a complex three-dimensional part. The process may be applied to the production of metal, ceramic, and metal-ceramic composite parts. An experiment employing continuous-jet ink-jet printing technology has produced a three-dimensional ceramic part constructed of 50 layers, each 0.005 in. thick. The powder is alumina and the binder is colloidal silica. The minimum feature size is 0.017 in., and features intended to be 0.5000 in. apart average 0.4997 in. apart in the green state and 0.5012 in. apart in the cured state, with standard deviations of 0.0005 in. and 0.0018 in., respectively. Future research will be directed toward the direct fabrication of cores and shells for metal casting, and toward the fabrication of porous ceramic preforms for metal-ceramic composite parts.

New Process and Materials Developments in 3-Dimensional Printing, 3DP™

1998 ◽  
Vol 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Uhland ◽  
R. K. Holman ◽  
M. J. Cima ◽  
E. Sachs ◽  
Y. Enokido
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rf Filters ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
System A ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Dimensional Printing

AbstractThe Three-Dimensional Printing (3DP™) process has been modified to incorporate colloidal science for the fabrication of fine ceramic parts. Complex shaped alumina and silicon nitride components have been formed directly from 3-dimensional CAD files using submicron powders. Parts were built using a sequential layering process of the ceramic slurry followed by ink jet printing of a binder system. A well dispersed slurry and optimized printing parameters are required to form a uniform powder bed with a high green density. Liquid-powder bed interactions affect the geometry and internal structure of the component. The redispersion of the unprinted powder bed is critical in order to retrieve the printed components. The slurry and powder bed chemistry are the major factors controlling powder bed redispersion. The process is generic and can be readily adapted for new materials systems. Our research is currently focused on the fabrication of dielectric RF filters. Preliminary results have demonstrated the ability to successfully fabricate cylindrical RF resonators.

Applications of 3D printing in critical care medicine: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 0310057X2097665
Author(s):  
Natasha Abeysekera ◽  
Kirsty A Whitmore ◽  
Ashvini Abeysekera ◽  
George Pang ◽  
Kevin B Laupland
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Care Medicine ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Although a wide range of medical applications for three-dimensional printing technology have been recognised, little has been described about its utility in critical care medicine. The aim of this review was to identify three-dimensional printing applications related to critical care practice. A scoping review of the literature was conducted via a systematic search of three databases. A priori specified themes included airway management, procedural support, and simulation and medical education. The search identified 1544 articles, of which 65 were included. Ranging across many applications, most were published since 2016 in non – critical care discipline-specific journals. Most studies related to the application of three-dimensional printed models of simulation and reported good fidelity; however, several studies reported that the models poorly represented human tissue characteristics. Randomised controlled trials found some models were equivalent to commercial airway-related skills trainers. Several studies relating to the use of three-dimensional printing model simulations for spinal and neuraxial procedures reported a high degree of realism, including ultrasonography applications three-dimensional printing technologies. This scoping review identified several novel applications for three-dimensional printing in critical care medicine. Three-dimensional printing technologies have been under-utilised in critical care and provide opportunities for future research.

scholarly journals Main Clinical Use of Additive Manufacturing (Three-Dimensional Printing) in Finland Restricted to the Head and Neck Area in 2016–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B.V. Pettersson ◽  
M. Salmi ◽  
P. Vallittu ◽  
W. Serlo ◽  
J. Tuomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Head Area

Background and Aims: Additive manufacturing or three-dimensional printing is a novel production methodology for producing patient-specific models, medical aids, tools, and implants. However, the clinical impact of this technology is unknown. In this study, we sought to characterize the clinical adoption of medical additive manufacturing in Finland in 2016–2017. We focused on non-dental usage at university hospitals. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire containing five questions was sent by email to all operative, radiologic, and oncologic departments of all university hospitals in Finland. Respondents who reported extensive use of medical additive manufacturing were contacted with additional, personalized questions. Results: Of the 115 questionnaires sent, 58 received answers. Of the responders, 41% identified as non-users, including all general/gastrointestinal (GI) and vascular surgeons, urologists, and gynecologists; 23% identified as experimenters or previous users; and 36% identified as heavy users. Usage was concentrated around the head area by various specialties (neurosurgical, craniomaxillofacial, ear, nose and throat diseases (ENT), plastic surgery). Applications included repair of cranial vault defects and malformations, surgical oncology, trauma, and cleft palate reconstruction. Some routine usage was also reported in orthopedics. In addition to these patient-specific uses, we identified several off-the-shelf medical components that were produced by additive manufacturing, while some important patient-specific components were produced by traditional methodologies such as milling. Conclusion: During 2016–2017, medical additive manufacturing in Finland was routinely used at university hospitals for several applications in the head area. Outside of this area, usage was much less common. Future research should include all patient-specific products created by a computer-aided design/manufacture workflow from imaging data, instead of concentrating on the production methodology.

A review of 3D concrete printing systems and materials properties: current status and future research prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvash Chandra Paul ◽  
Gideon P.A.G. van Zijl ◽  
Ming Jen Tan ◽  
Ian Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Printing System ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Purpose Three-dimensional printing of concrete (3DPC) has a potential for the rapid industrialization of the housing sector, with benefits of reduced construction time due to no formwork requirement, ease of construction of complex geometries, potential high construction quality and reduced waste. Required materials adaption for 3DPC is within reach, as concrete materials technology has reached the point where performance-based specification is possible by specialists. This paper aims to present an overview of the current status of 3DPC for construction, including existing printing methods and material properties required for robustness of 3DPC structures or structural elements. Design/methodology/approach This paper has presented an overview of three categories of 3DPC systems, namely, gantry, robotic and crane systems. Material compositions as well as fresh and hardened properties of mixes currently used for 3DPC have been elaborated. Findings This paper presents an overview of the state of the art of 3DPC systems and materials. Research needs, including reinforcement in the form of bars or fibres in the 3D printable cement-based materials, are also addressed. Originality/value The critical analysis of the 3D concrete printing system and materials described in this review paper is original.

Study of Porous Ceramic Based on Silicon Nitride Prepared Using Three-Dimensional Printing Technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Rabinskii ◽  
A. V. Ripetskii ◽  
V. A. Pogodin ◽  
S. A. Sitnikov ◽  
Yu. O. Solyaev
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Generating Porous Ceramic Scaffolds: Processing and Properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 155-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Deisinger
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pore Geometry ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Jet Printing

For tissue regeneration in medicine three-dimensional scaffolds with specific characteristics are required. A very important property is a high, interconnecting porosity to enable tissue ingrowth into the scaffold. Pore size distribution and pore geometry should be adapted to the respective tissue. Additionally, the scaffolds should have a basic stability for handling during implantation, which is provided by ceramic scaffolds. Various methods to produce such ceramic 3D scaffolds exist. In this paper conventional and new fabrication techniques are reviewed. Conventional methods cover the replica of synthetic and natural templates, the use of sacrificial templates and direct foaming. Rapid prototyping techniques are the new methods listed in this work. They include fused deposition modelling, robocasting and dispense-plotting, ink jet printing, stereolithography, 3D-printing, selective laser sintering/melting and a negative mould technique also involving rapid prototyping. The various fabrication methods are described and the characteristics of the resulting scaffolds are pointed out. Finally, the techniques are compared to find out their disadvantages and advantages.

scholarly journals Three dimensional ink-jet printing of biomaterials using ionic liquids and co-solvents

2016 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 509-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshani H. A. T. Gunasekera ◽  
SzeLee Kuek ◽  
Denis Hasanaj ◽  
Yinfeng He ◽  
Christopher Tuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Additive Manufacture ◽  
Cellulose Sample ◽  
White Light Interferometry ◽  
Ink Jet Printing ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Scanning Electron

1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2C1Im][OAc]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C4C1Im][OAc]) have been used as solvents for the dissolution and ink-jet printing of cellulose from 1.0 to 4.8 wt%, mixed with the co-solvents 1-butanol and DMSO. 1-Butanol and DMSO were used as rheological modifiers to ensure consistent printing, with DMSO in the range of 41–47 wt% producing samples within the printable range of a DIMATIX print-head used (printability parameter < 10) at 55 °C, whilst maintaining cellulose solubility. Regeneration of cellulose from printed samples using water was demonstrated, with the resulting structural changes to the cellulose sample assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and white light interferometry (WLI). These results indicate the potential of biorenewable materials to be used in the 3D additive manufacture process to generate single-component and composite materials.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printing Strategies for Irregularly Shaped Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Current State and Challenges

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Zhonghan Wang ◽  
He Liu ◽  
Jiaqi Liu ◽  
Ronghang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Although there have been remarkable advances in cartilage tissue engineering, construction of irregularly shaped cartilage, including auricular, nasal, tracheal, and meniscus cartilages, remains challenging because of the difficulty in reproducing its precise structure and specific function. Among the advanced fabrication methods, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology offers great potential for achieving shape imitation and bionic performance in cartilage tissue engineering. This review discusses requirements for 3D printing of various irregularly shaped cartilage tissues, as well as selection of appropriate printing materials and seed cells. Current advances in 3D printing of irregularly shaped cartilage are also highlighted. Finally, developments in various types of cartilage tissue are described. This review is intended to provide guidance for future research in tissue engineering of irregularly shaped cartilage.

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