Engine Control Using Cylinder Pressure: Past, Present, and Future

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2B) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Powell
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Automotive Engine ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Misfire Detection ◽  
Charge Temperature

Research into the use of cylinder pressure measurements from reciprocating internal combustion engines for real time automotive engine control has been investigated for the last 20 years. The measurement has been investigated for spark timing, fuel-air ratio control, charge temperature measurements, and misfire detection. The cost of the sensors has inhibited widespread use in production vehicles; however, it was introduced in domestic Japanese production for spark control five years ago. Its use for misfire detection is also being actively considered.

Validated 1D/3D Coupling Method to Solve Transient Flows in Internal Combustion Engines

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory Sinclair ◽  
Peter Schindler ◽  
Tim Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Automotive Engine ◽  
Transient Flows ◽  
Coupled Calculation ◽  
Boundary Velocity

In this paper an improved numerical procedure [1] to calculate the gas dynamics within an automotive engine using hybrid 1D/3D models is presented. The hybrid models are solved using a coupled calculation of a 1D-finite differencing-code and a 3D-finite volume-code. The overall methodology is reviewed, emphasising new improvements to the averaging procedure. A simply method for the boundary velocity profile initialisation is discussed. Computational results from a hybrid model of a V6 TDI engine are discussed and compared to pressure measurements for three engine speeds.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pure Oxygenated Biofuels on Efficiency and Emissions in a Gasoline Optimised DISI Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3908
Author(s):  
Tara Larsson ◽  
Senthil Krishnan Mahendar ◽  
Anders Christiansen-Erlandsson ◽  
Ulf Olofsson
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Oxygenated Fuels ◽  
Load Conditions

The negative impact of transport on climate has led to incentives to increase the amount of renewable fuels used in internal combustion engines (ICEs). Oxygenated, liquid biofuels are promising alternatives, as they exhibit similar combustion behaviour to gasoline. In this article, the effect of the different biofuels on engine efficiency, combustion propagation and emissions of a gasoline-optimised direct injected spark ignited (DISI) engine were evaluated through engine experiments. The experiments were performed without any engine hardware modifications. The investigated fuels are gasoline, four alcohols (methanol, ethanol, n-butanol and iso-butanol) and one ether (MTBE). All fuels were tested at two speed sweeps at low and mid load conditions, and a spark timing sweep at low load conditions. The oxygenated biofuels exhibit increased efficiencies, even at non-knock-limited conditions. At lower loads, the oxygenated fuels decrease CO, HC and NOx emissions. However, at mid load conditions, decreased volatility of the alcohols leads to increased emissions due to fuel impingement effects. Methanol exhibited the highest efficiencies and significantly increased burn rates compared to the other fuels. Gasoline exhibited the lowest level of PN and PM emissions. N-butanol and iso-butanol show significantly increased levels of particle emissions compared to the other fuels.

Maximum efficiencies for internal combustion engines: Thermodynamic limitations

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1005-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald A Caton
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Thermodynamic Evaluation ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Automotive Engine ◽  
Specific Heats ◽  
Cycle Simulation

The thermodynamic limitation for the maximum efficiencies of internal combustion engines is an important consideration for the design and development of future engines. Knowing these limits helps direct resources to those areas with the most potential for improvements. Using an engine cycle simulation which includes the first and second laws of thermodynamics, this study has determined the fundamental thermodynamics that are responsible for these limits. This work has considered an automotive engine and has quantified the maximum efficiencies starting with the most ideal conditions. These ideal conditions included no heat losses, no mechanical friction, lean operation, and short burn durations. Then, each of these idealizations is removed in a step-by-step fashion until a configuration that represents current engines is obtained. During this process, a systematic thermodynamic evaluation was completed to determine the fundamental reasons for the limitations of the maximum efficiencies. For the most ideal assumptions, for compression ratios of 20 and 30, the thermal efficiencies were 62.5% and 66.9%, respectively. These limits are largely a result of the combustion irreversibilities. As each of the idealizations is relaxed, the thermal efficiencies continue to decrease. High compression ratios are identified as an important aspect for high-efficiency engines. Cylinder heat transfer was found to be one of the largest impediments to high efficiency. Reducing cylinder heat transfer, however, is difficult and may not result in much direct increases of piston work due to decreases of the ratio of specific heats. Throughout this work, the importance of high values of the ratio of specific heats was identified as important for achieving high thermal efficiencies. Depending on the selection of constraints, different values may be given for the maximum thermal efficiency. These constraints include the allowed values for compression ratio, heat transfer, friction, stoichiometry, cylinder pressure, and pressure rise rate.

scholarly journals Influence of cyclic cylinder pressure variability in the numerical transfer path analysis of multi-body engine

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Cyclic Variability ◽  
Transfer Path ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Stochastic Framework ◽  
Transfer Path Analysis ◽  
Multi Body

Practical mechanical systems often operate with some degree of uncertainty. The uncertainties can result from poorly known or variable parameters, from uncertain inputs or from rapidly changing forcing that can be best described in a stochastic framework. In automotive applications, cylinder pressure variability is one of the uncertain parameters that engineers have to deal with when designing and analyzing internal combustion engines. Multi-body dynamics is a powerful numerical tool largely implemented during the design of new engines. In this paper the influence of cylinder pressure cyclic variability on the results obtained from the multi-body simulation of engine dynamics is investigated. Particular attention is paid to the influence of these uncertainties on the analysis and the assessment of the different engine vibration sources. A numerical transfer path analysis, based on system dynamic sub structuring is used to derive and assess the internal engine vibration sources. In order to investigate the cyclic variability of cylinder pressure, a Monte Carlo approach is adopted. Starting from measured cylinder pressure that exhibits cyclic variability, random Gaussian distribution of the equivalent force applied on the piston is generated. The aim of this paper is to outline a methodology which can be used to derive correlations between cyclic variability and statistical distribution of results. The statistical information derived can be used to advance the knowledge of the multi-body analysis and the assessment of system sources when uncertain inputs are considered.

ANALYSIS OF KNOWN METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Лемешева ◽  
E. Lemesheva ◽  
Митин ◽  
S. Mitin ◽  
Кондрико ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Technical Diagnostics ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Control Computer ◽  
The Cost

The article analyzes the effective methods and techniques of diagnosing gasoline internal combustion engines, highlighted the most promising ones. Of the existing seven modern methods considered: thermal control, computer diagnostics, analysis of the composition and quantity of waste gases, technical endoskopirovanie, gauging the compression, the analysis of chemical elements and vibroacoustic. On the presented methods compiled a comparative table on a number of parameters: the cost of ongoing services, the cost of equipment, the length of the diagnostic information content requirements for personnel. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods considered in the parameters. It concludes that characterize the main directions of development of systems of technical diagnostics of internal combustion engines.

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