Description of Nonproportional Cyclic Plasticity of Stainless Steel by a Two-Surface Model

1991 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Takahashi ◽  
Takashi Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Strain Range ◽  
Cyclic Plasticity ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Path Condition ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

A simple elastic-plastic constitutive model based on the two-surface theory is developed to describe deformation behavior of austenitic stainless steels under multiaxial cyclic loading. Dependency of saturated stress range both on strain range and the proportionality of loading is considered. To establish a precise procedure for determination of material constants for nonproportional loading, the intervariable relation in the axial-torsional circular strain-path condition is studied in detail. A full procedure is then developed for determination of all material parameters. Finally, the effectiveness of the present model is demonstrated by application to axial-torsional cyclic tests for type 304 stainless steel at 550°C.

A Two Surface Model for Transient Nonproportional Cyclic Plasticity, Part 2: Comparison of Theory With Experiments

1985 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Cycling ◽  
Cyclic Plasticity ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Tubular Specimen ◽  
Cyclic Plasticity Model ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

For the two surface cyclic plasticity model introduced in Part 1, methods for determination of model parameters are described. The model is specialized to axial-torsional loading of a thin-walled tubular specimen, and applied to non-proportional, room-temperature cycling of type 304 stainless steel. Computer simulations for two complex histories show good general agreement with experimental data obtained by the author.

An Intergranular Fracturing Technique for Grain Boundary Segregation Studies of Austenitic Stainless Steel

CORROSION ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 304-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. PARK ◽  
S. DANYLUK
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Boundary Segregation ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Auger Electron Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract A creep-deformation, heat treatment impact-fracture technique that can be used to produce grain boundary surfaces is described. The technique is especially useful for exposing grain boundaries of austenitic stainless steels and can also be used with surface-sensitive analytical techniques. Intergranular fracture surfaces of Type 304 stainless steel have been produced using this technique. Auger electron spectroscopy analysis was performed on these fracture surfaces.

Experimental Evaluation of Creep Constitutive Equations for Type 304 Stainless Steel Under Non-Steady Multiaxial States of Stress

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Murakami ◽  
N. Ohno ◽  
H. Tagami
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Stress Change ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Multiaxial Loadings

In order to evaluate the validity and limitations of the creep-hardening surface model proposed by the present authors, a series of creep tests for type 304 stainless steel were performed at 600°C under various non-steady multiaxial loadings. The test time and the interval of stress change were 960 hr and 48 or 96 hr, respectively, and five kinds of stress histories consisting of randomly varying stress magnitude, stress direction and interval of stress change were employed. It was found that the creep-hardening surface model describes sufficiently well the creep behavior observed in this work.

A Simple Model for Stable Cyclic Stress-Strain Relationship of Type 304 Stainless Steel Under Nonproportional Loading

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamoto Itoh ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Toshimitsu Nakagawa ◽  
Masao Sakane
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Nonproportional Loading ◽  
Strain Relationship ◽  
Strain Paths ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

This paper proposes a simple two-surface model for cyclic incremental plasticity based on combined Mroz and Ziegler kinematic hardening rules under nonproportional loading. The model has only seven material constants and a nonproportional factor which describes the degree of additional hardening. Cyclic loading experiments with fourteen strain paths were conducted using Type 304 stainless steel. The simulation has shown that the model was precise enough to calculate the stable cyclic stress-strain relationship under nonproportional loadings. [S0094-4289(00)00101-8]

Creep, Stress Relaxation and Biaxial Ratchetting of Type 304 Stainless Steel After Cyclic Preloading

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromasa Ishikawa ◽  
Katsuhiko Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Back Stress ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Cyclic Plasticity ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Cyclic Shear ◽  
Creep Stress ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

A series of tests for creep, stress relaxation, and biaxial ratchetting of type 304 stainless steel after cyclic preloading were carried out to investigate their interaction. The interesting fact was pointed out that back stress in cyclic plasticity played an important role to describe creep, relaxation, and biaxial ratchetting following cyclic preloading. Then, the test results showed that the material behavior due to creep after cyclic preloading could be represented by the modified Bailey-Norton law with stress levels evaluated from the current center of the yield surface, i.e., back stress which was determined by the hybrid constitutive model for cyclic plasticity proposed by the authors. In addition, biaxial ratchetting of axial strain induced by cyclic shear straining after cyclic preloading was expressed by the shear stress amplitude, the number of cycle and the axial stress level from the current center.

Molybdenum solubility differences in MC phases formed in titanium and niobium modified austenitic stainless steels determined using AEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
P. J. Maziasz
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Helium Embrittlement ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Molybdenum is added to improve elevated temperature strength and corrosion resistance for type 316 compared to type 304 stainless steel. Strong carbide forming elements, like titanium and niobium, are also added to these steels to improve creep strength and reduce stress corrosion cracking, as well as to improve resistance to irradiation induced swelling and helium embrittlement. This work shows that fairly pure TiC and NbC form in Ti- and Nb- stabilized versions of type 304 stainless steel (types 321 and 347, respectively); however, the Ti-rich MC dissolves Mo considerably whereas the NbC remains compositionally quite pure when these phases form in Ti- and Nb- modified type 316 stainless steels, respectively.

Some Effects of Nitrogen Content on the Stress Corrosion Susceptibility of AIS1 Type 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel

CORROSION ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 218-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. ECKEL ◽  
T. B. COX
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Susceptibility ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 304 Stainless Steel

Abstract The effects of nitrogen content on the susceptibility of AISI Type 304 stainless steel to stress corrosion cracking have been studied by exposing U-bend specimens of the alloy containing various amounts of nitrogen to boiling magnesium chloride solutions. It was found that nitrogen in solid solution in Type 304 stainless steel reduces the resistance of the alloy to stress corrosion. Increasing amounts of nitrogen cause shorter times to crack initiation and more rapid failures by increasing the rate of propagation. The susceptibility of Type 304 is further increased by thermally aging the stressed U-bend specimens at 154 C before exposing them to the corrosive medium. The observations from this investigation seem to support those past theories which suggested that the increased susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels with higher nitrogen contents was due to the formation of nitrogen-rich areas within the austenitic matrix.

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