Dynamic Response of the Human Head to Impact by Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Ruan ◽  
T. Khalil ◽  
A. I. King
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fluid Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Frontal Impact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The impact response of the human head has been determined by three-dimensional finite element modeling. This model represents the essential features of a 50th percentile human head. It includes a layered shell closely representing the cranial bones with the interior contents occupied by an inviscid continuum to simulate the brain. A thin fluid layer was included to represent the cerebral-spinal fluid. To validate the model, its response was obtained by applying a sine-squared pulse of 6.8 kN in magnitude and 10 ms in duration. The load was applied to a freely supported head on the frontal bone in the midsagittal plane. The computed pressure-time histories at 5 locations within the brain material compared quite favorably with previously published experimental data from cadaver experiments and provided a reasonable level of confidence in the validation of the model. A parametric study was subsequently conducted to identify the model response when the impact site (frontal, side, occipital) and the material properties of the head were varied. Interestingly, the model predicted higher contre-coup pressure in the frontal lobe (from occipital impact) than that predicted in the occipital region from frontal impact. This finding supports clinical findings of contre-coup injury being more likely to result from occipital impact than from frontal impact.

Parameters Setting Impact Analysis of Composite Cockpit Finite Element Analysis Based on Properties of Composite Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 738 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Hai Peng Gao ◽  
Meng Liu ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Uncertain Parameters ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact

At present, mechanics properties of composite at home and abroad only include data of the single-layer board. On the basis of researching literature of composite finite element analysis, approaches of setting composite three-dimensional parameters based on the parameters of single-layer material are summarized. By three-dimensional finite element analysis on composite whole cockpit, the impact of uncertain parameters on cockpit analysis results is studied. Adopting maximum stress criteria, maximum strain criteria and Tsai-Wu criteria to evaluate the initial failure of composite whole cockpit, the impact of material uncertain parameters on initial breaking strength prediction of cockpit is studied. The study can provide reference for three-dimensional finite element analysis of composite whole cockpit.

scholarly journals Understanding the impact of train run-throughs on railway switches using finite element analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
JY Shih ◽  
H Hemida ◽  
E Stewart ◽  
C Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Explicit Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Failure Location ◽  
The Impact

Train run-throughs on railway switches is a special issue, where a train passes through non-trailable railway switches in the wrong direction. This has the potential to cause severe damage and can lead to derailment. In order to understand the impact of train run-throughs on railway switches, a three-dimensional finite element model using explicit analysis has been developed. A detailed switch model has been developed that includes all key components: stretcher bars, supplementary drive and point operating equipment. The model was validated through a specifically designed experiment where switch run-throughs were emulated on a real switch; a good agreement was found between the experimental data and the model. The model has been used to make an assessment of the locking mechanisms. The forces in each component have been assessed and investigated, and the observations of failure location and component during run-through analysis are indicated. During a run-through, the supplementary drive rod and stretcher bar encounter a significant plastic deformation, and it is recommended that they should be redesigned in order to avoid plastic behaviour.

Finite Element Analysis of Nonuniformity of Tires with Imperfections5

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Jeong ◽  
K. W. Kim ◽  
H. G. Beom ◽  
J. U. Park
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Radial Force ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Force Variation ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

Abstract The effects of variations in stiffness and geometry on the nonuniformity of tires are investigated by using the finite element analysis. In order to evaluate tire uniformity, a three-dimensional finite element model of the tire with imperfections is developed. This paper considers how imperfections, such as variations in stiffness or geometry and run-out, contribute to detrimental effects on tire nonuniformity. It is found that the radial force variation of a tire with imperfections depends strongly on the geometrical variations of the tire.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Tooth Restored with Full Coverage Machined Polymer Crown

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1220
Author(s):  
Azeem Ul Yaqin Syed ◽  
Dinesh Rokaya ◽  
Shirin Shahrbaf ◽  
Nicolas Martin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intraoral Scanner ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dental Ceramic ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Ceramic Crown

The effect of a restored machined hybrid dental ceramic crown–tooth complex is not well understood. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the stress state of the machined hybrid dental ceramic crown using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Human premolars were prepared to receive full coverage crowns and restored with machined hybrid dental ceramic crowns using the resin cement. Then, the teeth were digitized using micro-computed tomography and the teeth were scanned with an optical intraoral scanner using an intraoral scanner. Three-dimensional digital models were generated using an interactive image processing software for the restored tooth complex. The generated models were imported into a finite element analysis software with all degrees of freedom concentrated on the outer surface of the root of the crown–tooth complex. To simulate average occlusal load subjected on a premolar a total load of 300 N was applied, 150 N at a buccal incline of the palatal cusp, and palatal incline of the buccal cusp. The von Mises stresses were calculated for the crown–tooth complex under simulated load application was determined. Three-dimensional finite element analysis showed that the stress distribution was more in the dentine and least in the cement. For the cement layer, the stresses were more concentrated on the buccal cusp tip. In dentine, stress was more on the cusp tips and coronal 1/3 of the root surface. The conventional crown preparation is a suitable option for machined polymer crowns with less stress distribution within the crown–tooth complex and can be a good aesthetic replacement in the posterior region. Enamic crowns are a good viable option in the posterior region.

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