Modeling and Experimental Assessment of Suspension Dynamics of a Horizontal-Axis Washing Machine

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 534-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Tu¨rkay ◽  
I. T. Su¨mer ◽  
A. K. Tugˇcu ◽  
B. Kiray
Keyword(s):  
Euler Method ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Rigid Body Dynamic ◽  
Shock Absorbers ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Suspension Dynamics ◽  
Lift Off

In this paper a nonlinear time variant rigid body dynamic model of the suspension system of an horizontal-axis washing machine is derived using Newton-Euler method, programmed for simulation, and assessed experimentally. The model includes the shock absorbers, the non-linear stiffness of the bellows and also the decoupled spinup motor dynamics. The simulation model predicted the transient and steady-state vertical and horizontal amplitudes of the tub within acceptable errors for a prototype suspension system design. The lift-off and the sliding phenomena of the cabinet have been assessed experimentally using four triaxial piezoelectric force transducers. These were found to be in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The model and the simulation code are thus validated experimentally for suspension design optimization of horizontal-axis washing machines.

Suspension Design Optimization of a Washing Machine: Part II — Formulation and Implementation of Parametric Optimization

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kiray ◽  
O. S. Türkay ◽  
A. K. Tuğcu ◽  
I. T. Sümer
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Shock Absorbers ◽  
Suspension Dynamics ◽  
Optimization Methodology ◽  
Future Work

Abstract This paper presents an optimization methodology for determining the optimal suspension characteristics of an automatic washing machine. Earlier publications by the authors have presented the modeling and experimental validation of the suspension dynamics of a horizontal-axis washing machine. That machine was characterized by the horizontal tub being suspended by three springs and supported by two dry-friction absorbers. A companion paper (Part I) assessed the modeling and validation of a different washing machine where the horizontal tub stands on four shock absorbers. In this paper (Part II) various formulations for the optimization of the suspension system introduced in Part I are described and implemented by using a parametric grid optimization method. The primary objective of this effort is to determine the most suitable criteria that will be employed for future washing machine design optimization with different configurations. It is concluded that a weighted multiobjective function subject to washing machine cabinet motion constraint is appropriate for this purpose. Future work will be toward the employment of an analytical optimization methodology in order to develop a complete design software that will be used by washing machine suspension design engineers.

Suspension Design Optimization of a Washing Machine: Part I — Modeling and Validation Results

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Türkay ◽  
A. K. Tuğcu ◽  
I. T. Sümer ◽  
B. Kiray
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Rigid Body Dynamic ◽  
Linear Time Invariant

Abstract The development of a non-linear time invariant rigid body dynamic model and the experimental validation of the suspension system of a horizontal-axis washing machine has been discussed in previous works by the authors. In this paper (Part I), modeling and experimental validation of a different suspension configuration of a test washing machine is assessed. The simulation model predicts the transient and steady-state vertical and horizontal amplitudes within maximum errors of 10% and 14%, respectively. The results are consistent with the results of the previous work. Thus, the simulation software code is verified for a generalized suspension design optimization of horizontal-axis washing machines. In a companion paper (Part II), various formulations are discussed to select an objective function for parametric suspension design optimization and a parametric grid optimization method is implemented to the test washing machine introduced in this paper.

scholarly journals Semiactive Vibration Control for Horizontal Axis Washing Machine

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barış Can Yalçın ◽  
Haluk Erol
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Control ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Semiactive Suspension

A semiactive vibration control method is developed to cope with the dynamic stability problem of a horizontal axis washing machine. This method is based on adjusting the maximum force values produced by the semiactive suspension elements considering a washing machine’s vibration data (three axis angular position and three axis angular acceleration values in time). Before actuation signals are received by the step motors of the friction dampers, vibration data are evaluated, and then, the step motors start to narrow or expand the radius of bracelets located on the dampers. This changes the damping properties of the damper in the suspension system, and thus, the semiactive suspension system absorbs unwanted vibrations and contributes to the dynamic stability of the washing machine. To evaluate the vibration data, the angular position and angular acceleration values in three axes are defined in a function, and the maximum forces produced by semiactive suspension elements are calculated according to the gradient of this function. The relation between the dynamic stability and the walking stability is also investigated. A motion (gyroscope and accelerometer) sensor is installed on the top-front panel of the washing machine because a mathematical model of a horizontal axis washing machine suggests that the walking behavior starts around this location under some assumptions, and therefore, calculating the vibrations occurring there is crucial. Semiactive damping elements are located under the left and right sides of the tub. The proposed method is tested during the spinning cycle of washing machine operation, increasing gradually from 200 rpm to 900 rpm, which produces the most challenging vibration patterns for dynamic stability. Moreover, the sound power levels produced by the washing machine are measured to evaluate the noise performance of the washing machine while the semiactive suspension system is controlled. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is shown through experimental results.

scholarly journals A Review of Combined Regenerative Suspension and Electromagnetic Braking system

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (09) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Prof. Gaffar G. Momin, Rushikesh Barve, Manasi Shah, Nikita Sutar and Dominic Jibin James
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Shock Absorbers ◽  
System A ◽  
Linear Vibrations ◽  
Vehicle Suspension System ◽  
Significant Attention

Considering the rate of depletion of the available oil-based fuels, Renewable Energy Technologies are receiving significant attention in these years. It is, therefore, necessary to find alternatives to energy sources. This project focusses on one such alternative. A study is done on a vehicle suspension system and braking system. Suspension in vehicles produces linear vibrations due to the roughness on the roads. These vibrations are absorbed the shock absorbers and dissipated in the form of heat. In the case of a conventional braking system,a huge amount of heat is lost due to friction. This study proposes a design of a system where the heat lost in the suspension system is extracted, converted into a usable form of electrical energy and stored in batteries. This stored energy is further used in the operation of electromagnet powered brakes. Using the Regenerative Suspension System reduces the waste of energy in the shock absorbers and gives an alternative energy source and use of the Electromagnetic Braking System ensures frictionless braking. Thus, the overall consumption of energy is reduced by a notable amount.

An Energy-Regenerative Suspension System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lato ◽  
Huiyong Zhao ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Yuping He
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Shock Absorbers ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Vehicle Suspension System ◽  
Variable Speed Motor

This paper presents an energy-regenerative suspension device that is able to harvest some of the wasted energy that is generated in a suspension system. For a traditional road vehicle suspension system, shock absorbers are mainly dissipating energy to reduce vibration. The dissipated energy may be collected to improve the fuel economy of road vehicles. In this research, CarSim and Simulink are used to simulate and determine the harvestable energy in a conventional shock absorber under different operating conditions. A conceptual energy-regenerative absorber is designed and tested using a fabricated prototype. A variable speed motor is implemented to adapt the change of stroke length of a mechanism due to the various road roughness. Instruments, e.g., laser tachometer, pressure gauge, ammeter, voltmeter, and stopwatch, are used to collect data. The simulation and prototype testing results indicate that the proposed energy-regenerative suspension device could harvest dissipated energy to improve vehicle fuel economy.

Prediction and Measurement of Payload Swing From Off-Centered Crane Lifts

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Peng ◽  
William Singhose
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Horizontal Motion ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
Lift Off

When crane payloads are lifted off the ground, the payload may unexpectedly swing sideways. This occurs when the hoist cables are at an angle relative to vertical and the payload is not directly beneath the hoist. Because the hoist point is far above the payload, it is difficult for crane operators to know if the hoist cable is perfectly vertical before they start to lift the payload. Some amount of horizontal motion of the payload will always occur at lift off. If an off-centered lift results in significant horizontal motion, then it creates a hazard for the human operators, the payload, and the surrounding environment. This paper develops dynamic models of off-centered lifts and presents experimental verification of the theoretical predictions. To mitigate the detrimental effects of off-centered lifts, autonomous-centering solutions are proposed.

Radiotracer detergency testing in a horizontal-axis washing machine

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah K. Passwater ◽  
Kirk H. Raney
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Washing Machine
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