The DIAPR: A High-Pressure, High-Temperature Solar Receiver

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Karni ◽  
A. Kribus ◽  
P. Doron ◽  
R. Rubin ◽  
A. Fiterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Thermochemical Process ◽  
Working Medium ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Solar Receiver

A solar central receiver absorbs concentrated sunlight and transfers its energy to a working medium (gas, liquid or solid particles), either in a thermal or a thermochemical process. Various attractive high-performance applications require the solar receiver to supply the working fluid at high temperature (900–1500°C) and high pressure (10–35 bar). As the inner receiver temperature may be well over 1000°C, sunlight concentration at its aperture must be high (4–8 MW/m2), to minimize aperture size and reradiation losses. The Directly Irradiated Annular Pressurized Receiver (DIAPR) is a volumetric (directly irradiated), windowed cavity receiver that operates at aperture flux of up to 10 MW/m2. It is capable of supplying hot gas at a pressure of 10–30 bar and exit temperature of up to 1300°C. The three main innovative components of this receiver are: • a Porcupine absorber, made of a high-temperature ceramic (e.g., alumina); • a Frustum-Like High-Pressure (FLHIP) window, made of fused silica; • a two-stage secondary concentrator followed by the KohinOr light extractor. This paper presents the design principles of the DIAPR, its structure and main components, and examples of experimental and computational results.

A High-Pressure Window for Volumetric Solar Receivers

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Karni ◽  
A. Kribus ◽  
B. Ostraich ◽  
E. Kochavi
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Accelerated Life ◽  
Solar Receiver

The absorbing matrix of a volumetric (directly irradiated) solar receiver must be exposed to the concentrated incoming sunlight. Most applications require that the receiver operates at an elevated pressure and in many cases the working fluid is not air. These requirements can be met only if the receiver is equipped with a transparent window. A novel frustum-like high-pressure (FLHiP) window, made of fused silica, is presented. Optical, mechanical, and thermal analyses, over 1,000 hours of accelerated life-time tests and several hundred hours of tests in a solar receiver, show that this window satisfies the required criteria for operation in a volumetric solar receiver, whose operating pressure and peak absorber temperature reach 30 bar and 1700°C, respectively.

Innovative Minimally Intrusive Sensor Technology Development for Versatile Affordable Advanced Turbine Engine Combustors

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Goldstein ◽  
Carlos A. Arana ◽  
Fritz Bien ◽  
Jamine Lee ◽  
John Gruninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Hot Gas

The feasibility of an innovative minimally intrusive sensor for monitoring the hot gas stream at the turbine inlet in high performance aircraft gas turbine engines was demonstrated. The sensor uses passive fiber-optical probes and a remote readout device to collect and analyze the spatially resolved spectral signature of the hot gas in the combustor/turbine flowpaths. Advanced information processing techniques are used to extract the average temperature, temperature pattern factor, and chemical composition on a sub-second time scale. Temperatures and flame composition were measured in a variety of combustion systems including a high pressure, high temperature combustion cell. Algorithms for real-time temperature measurements were developed and demonstrated. This approach should provide a real-time temperature profile, temperature pattern factor, and chemical species sensing capability for multi-point monitoring of high temperature and high pressure flow at the combustor exit with application as an engine development diagnostic tool, and ultimately, as a real-time active control component for high performance gas turbines.

scholarly journals Problems of sodium using in pulsating heat pipe made from fused silica

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Radovan Nosek ◽  
Tatiana Liptáková ◽  
Libor Trško ◽  
Zuzana Kolková ◽  
Milan Malcho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Liquid Sodium ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Pulsating Heat Pipe ◽  
High Temperature Reaction

You Heat pipe is a high efficiency heat transfer element, depends on the evaporation, condensation and circulation of inside working fluid. The working fluid of a high temperature pulsating heat pipe is generally alkali metals, and sodium heat pipe can operate in range of 500-1100°C. In order to investigate terminal velocity of working fluid, the glass pulsating heat pipe was produced for experimental purposes. The experiment was carried out, in order to simulate real operating conditions in range of 500-1100°C. Sudden boiling of liquid sodium (b.p. = 883°C at 1 atm) inside the all quartz-made heat pipe results in high-temperature reaction of sodium vapour with the inner wall surface. The reaction became more aggressive with increasing vapour temperature and resulted in heat pipe explosion. The evaluation of damage character is analysed in this paper.

scholarly journals Considerations for the Design of a High-Temperature Particle Reoxidation Reactor for Extraction of Heat in Thermochemical Energy Storage Systems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Babiniec ◽  
James E. Miller ◽  
Andrea Ambrosini ◽  
Ellen Stechel ◽  
Eric N. Coker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Thermal Reduction ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Reactor Outlet ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Storage Media

In an effort to increase thermal energy storage densities and turbine inlet temperatures in concentrating solar power (CSP) systems, focus on energy storage media has shifted from molten salts to solid particles. These solid particles are stable at temperatures far greater than that of molten salts, allowing the use of efficient high-temperature turbines in the power cycle. Furthermore, many of the solid particles under development store heat via reversible chemical reactions (thermochemical energy storage, TCES) in addition to the heat they store as sensible energy. The heat-storing reaction is often the thermal reduction of a metal oxide. If coupled to an Air-Brayton system, wherein air is used as the turbine working fluid, the subsequent extraction of both reaction and sensible heat, as well as the transfer of heat to the working fluid, can be accomplished in a direct-contact, counter-flow reoxidation reactor. However, there are several design challenges unique to such a reactor, such as maintaining requisite residence times for reactions to occur, particle conveying and mitigation of entrainment, and the balance of kinetics and heat transfer rates to achieve reactor outlet temperatures in excess of 1200 °C. In this paper, insights to addressing these challenges are offered, and design and operational tradeoffs that arise in this highly-coupled system are introduced and discussed.

PREPARATION OF C60 BY DETONATION A MIXTURE OF TRINITROTOLUENE AND GRAPHITE

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350004
Author(s):  
XIANFENG WEI ◽  
YONG HAN ◽  
LIU LIU ◽  
XINPING LONG
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Detonation Synthesis ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Detonation Products

To explore the practicability of C 60 synthesis under extreme conditions (high pressure and high temperature), trinitrotoluene (TNT), trinitramine (RDX) and graphite mixtures of different proportions were detonated in a vacuum container, and the detonation products were collected for detecting. The results of mass spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography showed significant signals of C 60, which proved that C 60 could be synthesized by detonating the mixture of TNT and graphite (in 6:4 and 7:3 mass ratio, respectively), the detonation pressure and temperature were calculated around 13 GPa and 2000 K, respectively. Both experiment results and theoretical analysis showed the importance of detonation pressure and cooling temperature in detonation synthesis of C 60.

Development of Premium Threaded Connections for Casing and Tubing

2013 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Xin Gao ◽  
Kun Zhong Sun ◽  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Threaded Connections ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
High Temperature High Pressure

The application of API threaded connections for casing and tubing is limited due to their imperfect sealing ability and weak connecting strength. To overcome these prominent drawbacks of API threaded connections, new WSP series of premium threaded connections are developed by Wuxi Seamless Oil Pipe Corporation for HTHP(High temperature, High pressure) wells, deep wells, steam injection wells, highly deviated and long horizontal wells, etc. Characteristics and application ranges of eight kinds of these high performance premium threaded connections are compared and analyzed thoroughly in this paper. The comparison results are not only a good reference for technicians to design new connections, but a technical proof for users to choose the proper connections in different applications.

The Use of High-Performance Spacers for Zonal Isolation in High-Temperature High-Pressure Wells

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish Dinkar Sarap ◽  
Manoj Sivanandan ◽  
Sandip Prabhakar Patil ◽  
Abhimanyu Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
High Temperature High Pressure

scholarly journals Hierarchical network enabled flexible textile pressure sensors with ultra-high sensitivity, ultra-wide linearity and high-temperature resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiling Jia ◽  
Chenghan Yi ◽  
Yankun Han ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Guoliang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Point To Point

Abstract Thin, lightweight, and flexible textile pressure sensors with the ability to precisely detect the full range of faint pressure (< 100 Pa), low pressure (in the range of KPa) and high pressure (in the range of MPa) are in significant demand to meet the requirements for applications in daily activities and more meaningfully in some harsh environments, such as high temperature and high pressure. However, it is still a major challenge to fulfill these requirements simultaneously in a single pressure sensor. Herein, a high-performance pressure sensor enabled by polyimide fiber fabric with functionalized carbon-nanotube (PI/FCNT) is obtained via a facile electrophoretic deposition (EPD) approach. High-density FCNT is evenly wrapped and chemically bonded to the fiber surface during the EPD process, forming a conductive hierarchical fiber/FCNT matrix. Benefiting from the abundant yet firm contacting points, point-to-point contacting mode, and high elastic modulus of both PI and CNT, the proposed PI/FCNT pressure sensor exhibits ultra-high sensitivity (3.57 MPa− 1), ultra-wide linearity (3.24 MPa), exceptionally broad sensing range (~ 45 MPa), and long-term stability (> 4000 cycles). Furthermore, under a high working temperature of 200 ºC, the proposed sensor device still shows an ultra-high sensitivity of 2.64 MPa− 1 within a wide linear range of 7.2 MPa, attributing to its intrinsic high-temperature-resistant properties of PI and CNT. Thanks to these merits, the proposed PI/FCNT(EPD) pressure sensor could serve as an E-skin device to monitor the human physiological information, precisely detect tiny and extremely high pressure, and can be integrated into an intelligent mechanical hand to detect the contact force under high-temperature (> 300 ºC), endowing it with high applicability in the fields of real-time health monitoring, intelligent robots, and harsh environments.

Bonding CVD Diamond to WC-Co by High Pressure - High Temperature Processing

2006 ◽  
Vol 987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naira Maria Balzaretti ◽  
Altair Soria Pereira ◽  
Rafael Vieira Camerini ◽  
Sérgio Ivan dos Santos ◽  
João Alziro Herz da Jornada
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Diamond Powder ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature

AbstractIn this work we investigate the effect of processing at high pressure-high temperature (HPHT) on the adhesion of CVD diamond coatings on WC-Co substrates. The samples consisted of WC-Co substrates coated with thin diamond films (10 – 40 μm thick) grown by microwave plasma (MWCVD) CVD. The substrates were previously etched in order to remove the Co from the surface region. The adhesion of the film and its wear resistance improved after the HPHT treatment. SEM images of the cross section of the coated substrate revealed that Co infiltrated back to the region where it was previously removed. The results indicate that it is possible to take advantage of the HPHT plants already available around the world to produce, besides PCD's and diamond powder, high-performance CVD diamond cutting tools with the advantage of requiring less demanding processing conditions.

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