A Re-Examination of Propane Tank Tub Rockets Including Field Trial Results

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Miller ◽  
A. M. Birk
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Critical Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Mode Of Failure ◽  
Cylindrical Tanks ◽  
Explosive Devices

When a tank containing a pressure-liquefied gas fails, one mode of failure involves the tank being propelled large distances by the released two-phase material. This mode of failure is called a tub rocket and it can pose a severe hazard to the public because of its unpredictability. Field tests were recently conducted to study the effect of explosive devices on propane tanks. The tests included tanks of various sizes up to 2000 L (500 gal).In most cases, the tests resulted in punctured tanks with transient two-phase jet releases. In some cases, the jet releases were sufficient to propel the tanks over considerable distances. In a small number of tests involving 470-L tanks, the explosive device resulted in the clean removal of a tank end, and this resulted in near-ideal launches of tub rockets. In one case, the rocket was launched vertically, and in another, the rocket was launched near 45 deg elevation angle giving a tub range of 370 m. In other cases, the explosive devices resulted in punctures, and in some of these, the resulting two-phase jet propelled the tanks over considerable distance. These examples gave a good opportunity to re-examine tub rocket models for tanks containing liquefied gases. This paper describes a theoretical model involving two-phase critical flow propulsion of cylindrical tanks. Three different critical flow models are compared, including the homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM), the homogeneous frozen model (HFM), and the Henry-Fauske model (HFK). Range predictions are compared with existing data and a model previously developed. Model predictions are calibrated to the field trial results described in the foregoing and then used to predict realistic ranges for various sizes of storage and transport tanks.

Assessment of Two Phase Critical Flow Models and Implementation in Fast Transient Fluid Dynamics Software

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Lafon ◽  
Mohamed Essadki ◽  
Yann Bartosiewicz ◽  
Jean-Marie Seynhaeve
Keyword(s):  
Critical Flow ◽  
Vapor Mixture ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Subcooled Liquid ◽  
Moby Dick ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Fast Transient ◽  
Dem Model

The discharge of a subcooled liquid or a liquid-vapor mixture at high temperature and pressure can occur in many industrial situations. This paper is focused on the analysis of critical flow models that are already available in the fast transient dynamics software EUROPLEXUS, or that are being implemented as new break boundary conditions. The results of the Moody, Fauske, Flinta, Henry-Fauske and DEM models are presented and compared with the Super Moby Dick experimental results. The best results are obtained for the DEM. Then preliminary results concerning the implementation of the DEM model as a break boundary condition in EUROPLEXUS are given.

Design Accuracy of Offshore Gas Pipelines Operated in the Two-Phase Flow Mode

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. A. Oliemans ◽  
B. F. M. Pots ◽  
H. L. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Power ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Models

The predictive power of a two-phase flow design method, consisting of one-dimensional flow models depending both on flow regime and pipe inclination, has been investigated by comparing predicted pressure losses and liquid hold-ups with pipeline data collected under actual conditions. For this purpose, Shell’s database of controlled field tests in large-size gas pipelines was extended with data obtained in an 8-in. high-pressure two-phase flow test facility with gas and condensate as flowing media. It was concluded that the predictive power was reasonable for wide ranges of flow conditions, but that liquid entrainment is to be incorporated in models to remove conservatism from liquid hold-up predictions.

Validation of the Moody and Henry–Fauske Critical Flow Models in apros Against Marviken Critical Flow Experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Tesinsky
Keyword(s):  
Process Simulation ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Critical Flow ◽  
Good Match ◽  
Two Phase Flows ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Subcooled Water ◽  
Flow Experiments

Abstract The Moody and Henry–Fauske critical flow models implemented in Advanced Process Simulation Software (apros) have been validated against Marviken critical flow experiments and compared with other available simulations of the same experiments. Both models in combination with discharge coefficient 0.75 (suggested for best estimate calculations) produce results close to the experimental data for two-phase flows, while one-phase flow of subcooled water is underpredicted. Using discharge coefficient 1.0 for subcooled water leads to a good match with the experimental results, while two-phase flows become overpredicted.

Two-Phase Critical Flow through Suction Slots in Low Pressure Steam Turbine Blades

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J Ryley ◽  
G. J. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Critical Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Flow Theories

As part of an investigation to study the removal of water from the trailing edge of a low pressure steam turbine fixed blade by suction slots, experiments were made on a perspex test section in which a 1-in wide section of the suction slot was simulated. The flow characteristics are considered of the passage in the choked condition and a comparison is made with some two-phase critical flow theories. The theories are briefly presented and discussed, and the relevant formulae given. It is found that the homogeneous-equilibrium model grossly underestimates the discharge rates whilst all of the other flow models overestimate by at least 30 per cent.

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