A Fiber Optic Probe for Gas Total Temperature Measurement in Turbomachinery

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Kidd ◽  
J. S. Barton ◽  
P. Meredith ◽  
J. D. C. Jones ◽  
M. A. Cherrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Unsteady Temperature ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
New Type ◽  
Total Temperature ◽  
Optic Probe

This paper describes the design, operation, construction, and demonstration of a new type of high-bandwidth unsteady temperature sensor based on fiber optics, and capable of operating in a high-speed multistage research compressor with flow representative of jet engine conditions. The sensing element is an optical coating of zinc selenide deposited on the end of an optical fiber. During evaluation in aerodynamic testing, a 1 K gas temperature resolution was demonstrated at 9.6 kHz and an upper bandwidth limit of 36 kHz achieved.

scholarly journals A Fibre Optic Probe for Gas Total Temperature Measurement in Turbomachinery

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Kidd ◽  
J. S. Barton ◽  
P. Meredith ◽  
J. D. C. Jones ◽  
M. A. Cherrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Fibre Optics ◽  
Unsteady Temperature ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Fibre Optic Probe ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
New Type ◽  
Optic Probe

This paper describes the design, operation, construction and demonstration of a new type of high bandwidth unsteady temperature sensor based on fibre optics, and capable of operating in a high speed multi-stage research compressor with flow representative of jet engine conditions. The sensing element is an optical coating of zinc selenide deposited on the end of an optical fibre. During evaluation in aerodynamic testing, a 1 K gas temperature resolution was demonstrated at 9.6 kHz and an upper bandwidth limit of 36 kHz achieved.

Development of Vital Sign Sensor by Using Fiber-optics

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Toba ◽  
◽  
Takahiro Shimada ◽  
Tuyoshi Kamoto ◽  
Toyonori Nishimatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
New Method ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
New Type ◽  
Optic Probe

The main aim of this paper is to present a new sensing method of vital sign for simultaneously monitoring heart and respiratory rates. A new method, which uses a fiber-optic probe to monitor heart and respiratory rates simultaneously, has been developed and discussed. As a result, measurement accuracy of this sensor is ±1.50bpm in heart rates and ±0.93bpm in respiratory rates. A new type of health monitoring vital sign sensor can be used at hospital as well as in other environments, and the method is convenient to use.

scholarly journals Characterizing shock waves in hydrogel using high speed imaging and a fiber-optic probe hydrophone

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 057101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Anderson ◽  
M. R. Betney ◽  
H. W. Doyle ◽  
B. Tully ◽  
Y. Ventikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Optic Probe

scholarly journals Fiber Optic Probe for Flame Monitoring in Gas Turbine Combustors

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Morey ◽  
G. H. Quentin ◽  
L. A. Angello
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Flame Instability ◽  
Fuel Nozzle ◽  
Optic Probe ◽  
Start Ups

A new probe, utilizing fiber optics, has been developed that allows one to view the flame inside an industrial gas turbine combustor. The probe was tested on a GE 7001 gas turbine at Houston Lighting & Power’s T. H. Wharton plant. Views of the flame were recorded at the nozzle and from in front of the nozzle to the combustor exit. A small portion of the flame in the adjoining combustor could also be viewed through the connecting cross fire port. During field testing with the probe, we observed such events as delayed ignitions, start ups, and load changes. Different flame patterns could be associated with different turbine operating conditions in start up and loading sequences. An interesting flame instability was observed during engine loading where the flame attaches and detaches from the fuel nozzle. At full power the flame is fully detached from the nozzle and extends from the cross fire port to the combustor exit. Plots of flame centroid position can be correlated with the turbine load. Operators, familiar with the flame image, could diagnose certain engine malfunctions such as fuel nozzle fouling, loss of water injection, and liner damage. A viewing system is currently under development that will monitor all the combustor flames simultaneously on one video screen. This system will significantly enhance operator diagnostics by allowing comparisons between combustors and detecting imbalances or differences between combustor flames.

Synthesis, performance and growth mechanism of silver nanoparticle coated SERS fiber probe

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Mengmei Geng ◽  
Yuting Long ◽  
Tongqing Liu ◽  
Zijuan Du ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Fiber Probe ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Optic Probe

Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) fiber probe provides abundant interaction area between light and materials, permits detection within limited space and is especially useful for remote or in situ detection. A silver decorated SERS fiber optic probe was prepared by hydrothermal method. This method manages to accomplish the growth of silver nanoparticles and its adherence on fiber optic tip within one step, simplifying the synthetic procedure. The effects of reaction time on phase composition, surface plasmon resonance property and morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum (UV-VIS absorption spectrum) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that when reaction time is prolonged from 4–8 hours at 180 °C, crystals size and size distribution of silver nanoparticles increase. Furthermore, the morphology, crystal size and distribution density of silver nanoparticles evolve along with reaction time. A growth mechanism based on two factors, equilibrium between nucleation and growth, and the existence of PVP, is hypothesized. The SERS fiber probe can detect rhodamin 6G (R6G) at the concentration of 10−6 M. This SERS fiber probe exhibits promising potential in organic dye and pesticide residue detection.

Light Railways as the Basic for Transport Infrastructure Development in Northern Territories of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
P.I. Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Mode Of Transport

Research objective: studies of economic and transport infrastructure development in the Arctic and Northern Territories of Russia. Research methodology: analysis of transport infrastructure in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the types of railways used in Russia. Results: economic development of any region is proportional to the development of the road transport infrastructure and logistics. When a conventional railway is operated in the Arctic conditions, it is not always possible to maintain a cargo turnover that would ensure its efficient use, and transshipment from one mode of transport to another is very problematic. A new type of railway is proposed, i.e. a light railway. Conclusions: the proposed new type of transport offers all the main advantages of narrow gauge railroads (high speed of construction, efficiency, etc.) and helps to eliminate their main disadvantage, i.e. the need for transloading when moving from a narrow gauge to the conventional one with the width of 1520 mm, along with a significant reduction in capital costs.

scholarly journals Morpho-molecular ex vivo detection and grading of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer using forward imaging probe based multimodal optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 1445-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Placzek ◽  
Eliana Cordero Bautista ◽  
Simon Kretschmer ◽  
Lara M. Wurster ◽  
Florian Knorr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Optic Probe ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Characterization of bladder biopsies, using a combined fiber optic probe-based optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy imaging system that allows a large field-of-view imaging and detection and grading of cancerous bladder lesions.

Experimental investigation of wall heat transfer due to spray combustion in a high-pressure/high-temperature vessel

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110072
Author(s):  
Karri Keskinen ◽  
Walter Vera-Tudela ◽  
Yuri M Wright ◽  
Konstantinos Boulouchos
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transfer Problem ◽  
Wall Heat Transfer ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature

Combustion chamber wall heat transfer is a major contributor to efficiency losses in diesel engines. In this context, thermal swing materials (adapting to the surrounding gas temperature) have been pinpointed as a promising mitigative solution. In this study, experiments are carried out in a high-pressure/high-temperature vessel to (a) characterise the wall heat transfer process ensuing from wall impingement of a combusting fuel spray, and (b) evaluate insulative improvements provided by a coating that promotes thermal swing. The baseline experimental condition resembles that of Spray A from the Engine Combustion Network, while additional variations are generated by modifying the ambient temperature as well as the injection pressure and duration. Wall heat transfer and wall temperature measurements are time-resolved and accompanied by concurrent high-speed imaging of natural luminosity. An investigation with an uncoated wall is carried out with several sensor locations around the stagnation point, elucidating sensor-to-sensor variability and setup symmetry. Surface heat flux follows three phases: (i) an initial peak, (ii) a slightly lower plateau dependent on the injection duration, and (iii) a slow decline. In addition to the uncoated reference case, the investigation involves a coating made of porous zirconia, an established thermal swing material. With a coated setup, the projection of surface quantities (heat flux and temperature) from the immersed measurement location requires additional numerical analysis of conjugate heat transfer. Starting from the traces measured beneath the coating, the surface quantities are obtained by solving a one-dimensional inverse heat transfer problem. The present measurements are complemented by CFD simulations supplemented with recent rough-wall models. The surface roughness of the coated specimen is indicated to have a significant impact on the wall heat flux, offsetting the expected benefit from the thermal swing material.

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