Static Rolling Bearing Models in a C.A.D. Environment for the Study of Complex Mechanisms: Part II—Complete Assembly Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bourdon ◽  
J. F. Rigal ◽  
D. Play
Keyword(s):  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Complex Mechanism ◽  
Assembly Model ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Complex Mechanical Systems ◽  
Bearing Rings

This is the second part of two companion papers, the first of which is “Static Rolling Bearing Models in a C.A.D. Environment for the Study of Complex Mechanism: Part I—Rolling Bearing Model.” A general methodology for the accurate modeling of the nonlinear behavior of ball and roller bearings is proposed. A stiffness matrix is defined both for each rolling element and for the complete rolling bearing. Thus, it can be introduced into standard finite element models of complex mechanical systems, with the aim of predicting mechanical behavior and load and strain distributions. This method is applied to two cases of helicopter and automobile gearboxes. Deformable bearing rings considerably modify contact angle and load distribution, thus the coefficient values of the stiffness matrix are different from the classical values. The paper highlights how important it is to consider an overall model of the mechanical system rather than a local one in the vicinity of the bearings.

Static Rolling Bearing Models in a C.A.D. Environment for the Study of Complex Mechanisms: Part I—Rolling Bearing Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bourdon ◽  
J. F. Rigal ◽  
D. Play
Keyword(s):  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Mechanical Environment ◽  
Roller Bearings ◽  
Stiffness Matrices ◽  
Tapered Roller ◽  
Tapered Roller Bearings ◽  
Complex Mechanical Systems

This paper, the first of two companion papers, proposes a general methodology for accurate modeling of the nonlinear behavior of ball and roller bearings. The models give stiffness matrices which can be introduced into standard finite element models of complex mechanical systems, with the aim of predicting mechanical behavior and load and strain distributions. In the case of an “isolated” ball bearing, the results obtained with the proposed approach are compared to results from the literature. Applications are implemented to evaluate the influence of external loadings on the stiffness matrices of tapered roller bearings mounted in a rigid mechanical environment.

scholarly journals Experimental Assessment of Influence of the Ball Bearing Raceway Curvature Ratio on the Level of Vibration

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Zmarzly
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Rolling Element Bearings ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Curvature Ratio ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Bearing Raceway ◽  
Bearing Rings ◽  
Car Transportation

Raceway curvature ratio is a very important parameter, because its values influence the performance characteristics of rolling-element bearings, their durability and the level of generated vibrations. However, the level of generated vibrations is one of the most important operating parameters of the rolling-element bearings. Excessive vibrations generated by rolling-element bearings affect the operation of the whole mechanism. The article presents experimental studies aimed at evaluation of influence of the inner and outer raceway curvature ratios of 6304-type rolling-element bearings on generated vibrations values. The raceway curvature ratio was determined based on results of metrological measurements. For this purpose, the radii of the inner and outer raceways as well as the diameters of the balls were measured. Design and principle of operation of an innovative system for analysis of the raceway geometry of the rolling bearing rings was presented. The vibration analysis was carried out in three frequency ranges, i.e. low (50-300 Hz), medium (300-1,800 Hz) and high (1,800-10,000 Hz). Values of measured vibrations were expressed in Anderon units. The test results showed that increase in the raceway curvature ratio causes a moderate decrease in the value of the generated vibrations. The research results presented in this article will serve as a guidance to designers and manufacturers of the rolling-element bearings on how to modify the geometry of raceways and balls to obtain bearings that generate low vibration values. That is very important in car transportation.

Effects of Load Distribution on Life of Radial Roller Bearings

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Nagatomo ◽  
Ken Takahashi ◽  
Yoshiaki Okamura ◽  
Takehiko Kigawa ◽  
Shoji Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Outer Ring ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Load Distributions ◽  
Bearing Life ◽  
Rolling Elements ◽  
Endurance Tests ◽  
Bearing Rings

An external load applied to a radial rolling bearing is distributed among the rolling elements. In many applications, the bearing internal load distribution may be altered by the elastic deformations of the bearing rings. This alteration can have an effect on bearing life. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of load distribution on bearing life, both theoretically and experimentally, using several housing models which provide different contact conditions between the housing bore and the outer ring. This paper first presents a newly developed method of determining dynamic load distributions with an optical fiber strain sensor. The measurements of the load distribution for the housing models by using this method have shown that the contact condition between the housing bore and the outer ring affects the load distribution, and the effect of the load distribution on the bearing life has been confirmed by the theoretical calculation of the bearing life. Furthermore, endurance tests using dented bearings were performed to validate the effect of load distribution on bearing life. The results of the tests have substantiated that the bearing life is substantially affected by the load distribution; moreover, it has been shown that there is a linear relationship between the calculated lives and the experimental ones.

Effects of rolling bearing configuration on stiffness of machine tool spindle

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Yang ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Tianxiang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Static Model ◽  
Axial Stiffness ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Radial Stiffness ◽  
Spindle Bearing ◽  
Stiffness Characteristics ◽  
Complex Mechanical Systems

Rolling bearings are widely used in the complex mechanical systems as important components. With the advancement in the manufacturing technology, the requirements of high-performance machining tool became essential. A bearing is one of the most important components of spindle, and it is a crucial factor in determining the overall quality. The configuration of bearings of spindle is the key problem during high-performance spindle design, which influences the performance of spindle, especially stiffness. This paper aims to develop a method to analyze various spindle stiffnesses with different configurations of bearing to support the optimization of spindle. Firstly, a quasi-static model is established to solve stiffness matrix of bearing, and then a spindle-bearing system mathematical model is established. Secondly, the stiffness matrix of bearing is added into the whole system to form an integrated spindle-bearings model. Finally, the spindle stiffness with different bearing configurations are analyzed. The results indicate that the number of bearings influences the spindle radial stiffness and bearing direction affects the spindle axial stiffness. Once the number and direction are specified, reasonable pre-load method, shorter overhang, and proper span can greatly improve the spindle dynamic characteristics. In addition, an experimental spindle is designed and fabricated to test various axial stiffnesses with different bearing configurations, and stiffness characteristics of commonly used bearing configurations are summarized from the experimental results and provide useful guide for the spindle design.

Global load determination in linear guides based on the fusion of local rolling element loads determined from strain sensitive sensor groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Krampert ◽  
Sebastian Unsleber ◽  
Leonhard Reindl ◽  
Stefan J. Rupitsch
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Rolling Elements ◽  
Load Mode ◽  
Measurement Principle

Abstract Measuring the mechanical load on linear guides provides many possibilities regarding predictive maintenance and process monitoring. In this contribution, we provide an in depth evaluation of a Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) based sensor system integrated into the runner block’s raceway that is capable of directly measuring the load on individual rolling elements. An efficient algorithm based on an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for local sensor fusion and load estimation is presented and proven to reliably retrieve the load regardless of the rolling element’s position. Afterwards, we compare locally measured loads to results from a theoretical load distribution model, providing valuable insight into modeling parameters and a verification of the sensor measurement principle. In a final step, an algorithm to invert the load distribution model is derived and used for an evaluation of the sensor system, achieving Root-Mean-Square (RMS) estimation errors of equivalently 1.4 kN in the preload range and 2.75 kN overall for one dimensional loads. Load mode distinction was equally successful with a suppression RMS error of 0.7 kN in the preload range and 2.87 kN in total.

Application of a FRF Based Model Updating Technique for the Validation of Finite Element Models of Components of the Automotive Industry

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Lammens ◽  
Marc Brughmans ◽  
Jan Leuridan ◽  
Ward Heylen ◽  
Paul Sas
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Stiffness Matrix ◽  
Model Updating ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Analytical Dynamic

Abstract This paper presents two applications of the RADSER model updating technique (Lammens et al. (1995) and Larsson (1992)). The RADSER technique updates finite element model parameters by solution of a linearised set of equations that optimise the Reduced Analytical Dynamic Stiffness matrix based on Experimental Receptances. The first application deals with the identification of the dynamic characteristics of rubber mounts. The second application validates a coarse finite element model of a subframe of a Volvo 480.

A Modified EEMD Decomposition for the Detection of Rolling Bearing Faults

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 369-373
Author(s):  
Yuan Cheng Shi ◽  
Yong Ying Jiang ◽  
Hai Feng Gao ◽  
Jia Wei Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition ◽  
Intrinsic Mode Functions ◽  
Vibration Signals ◽  
Hilbert Spectrum ◽  
Bearing Faults ◽  
Mode Decomposition ◽  
Fault Features ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Inner Race

The vibration signals of rolling element bearings are non-linear and non-stationary and the corresponding fault features are difficult to be extracted. EEMD (Ensemble empirical mode decomposition) is effective to detect bearing faults. In the present investigation, MEEMD (Modified EEMD) is presented to diagnose the outer and inner race faults of bearings. The original vibration signals are analyzed using IMFs (intrinsic mode functions) extracted by MEEMD decomposition and Hilbert spectrum in the proposed method. The numerical and experimental results of the comparison between MEEMD and EEMD indicate that the proposed method is more effective to extract the fault features of outer and inner race of bearings than EEMD.

Wing-Fuselage Lug Stress Prediction Using Finite Element Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Abdul Malik Hussein Abdul Jalil ◽  
Wahyu Kuntjoro
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Stress Prediction ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
The Individual

This paper describes the methodology to predict the stress level that occurs at the wing-fuselage lugs (joints). The finite element models of the wing, the wing lugs and the fuselage lugs were developed. Finite Element Analyses were performed using NASTRAN finite element software. CQUAD4 and BAR2 elements were used to represent the individual structures of the wing such as the ribs and stringers. The applied load was based on the symmetrical level flight condition. Once the load distribution acting at the wing had been calculated and applied, reaction forces at the nodes representing the wing lugs were obtained and these values applied to the lug models where the maximum stress value acting at the lugs was obtained.

Dynamic Interactions Between the Rolling Element and the Cage in Rolling Bearing Under Rotational Speed Fluctuation Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbing Tu ◽  
Ya Luo ◽  
Wennian Yu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Interaction Forces ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Speed Fluctuation ◽  
Rolling Elements ◽  
Fluctuation Frequency

Abstract A nonlinear dynamic model is proposed to investigate the dynamic interactions between the rolling element and cage under rotational speed fluctuation conditions. Discontinuous Hertz contact between the rolling element and the cage and lubrication and interactions between rolling elements and raceways are considered. The dynamic model is verified by comparing simulation result with the published experimental data. Based on this model, the interaction forces and the contact positions between the rolling element and the cage with and without the rotational speed fluctuation are analyzed. The effects of fluctuation amplitude, fluctuation frequency, and cage pocket clearance on the interaction forces between the rolling element and the cage are also investigated. The results show that the fluctuation of the rotational speed and the cage pocket clearance significantly affects the interaction forces between the rolling element and the cage.

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