Influence of the Grinding Wheel in the Ductile Grinding of Brittle Materials: Development and Verification of Kinematic Based Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Miller ◽  
T. A. Dow
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Kinematic Simulation ◽  
Critical Depth Of Cut ◽  
Model Equations

Empirical evidence has shown that grinding wheel characteristics significantly affect performance in the grinding of brittle materials. In this research a grit depth of cut model was developed based on a kinematic simulation of the grinding process. The model describes the relationships between grinding wheel parameters (grit size, concentration, binder modulus) and chip thickness and area. It was corroborated by the measurement of number of cutting grits in tests using a fly wheel with small abrasive area. Based on this grit depth of cut model, the “critical depth of cut” model for the grinding of brittle materials was modified to include wheel parameter effects. The new critical depth of cut model was tested using “crossfeed” experiments. Although the theoretical and experimental results show less agreement than for the grit depth of cut model, the model equations provide guidelines for choosing wheel specifications.

Ultra-Precision Cutting of Brittle Materials with Ultrasonic Vibrated Diamond Tool

2006 ◽  
Vol 532-533 ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xiang Ma ◽  
Eiji Shamoto ◽  
Li Ming Xu ◽  
Nan Liu ◽  
T. Moriwaki
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Tool ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Ductile Cutting ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Critical Depth Of Cut ◽  
Quality Surface

The influence of the ultrasonic vibrated diamond tool on the transition of ductile cutting to brittle cutting of the glasses is investigated by facing turning. It is understood that the critical depth of cut for the ductile cutting of the brittle materials is increased obviously by the ultrasonic vibrated diamond tool. The optical quality surface of the glasses is obtained, the surface roughness of which is less than0.03m. Finally, the relation between the roughness of machined surface and the cutting distance is studied experimentally.

Numerical Investigation of Two-Dimensional Thermally Assisted Ductile Regime Milling of Brittle Materials

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Ma ◽  
Xianchen Ge ◽  
Shuting Lei
Keyword(s):  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Uncut Chip Thickness ◽  
Thermal Boundary Conditions ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Preheating Temperature ◽  
Ductile Regime Machining ◽  
Critical Depth Of Cut

This study investigates the effects of different variables (preheating temperature, edge radius, and rake angle) on ductile regime milling of a bioceramic material known as nanohydroxyapatite (nano-HAP) using numerical simulation. AdvantEdge FEM Version 6.1 is used to conduct the simulation of 2D milling mimicked by orthogonal machining with varying uncut chip thickness. Thermal boundary conditions are specified to approximate laser preheating of the work material. Based on the pressure-based criterion for ductile regime machining, the dependence of critical depth of cut on cutting conditions is investigated using Tecplot 360. It is found that as uncut chip thickness decreases, the critical depth of cut decreases. In addition, the critical depth of cut increases as the negativity of rake angle and/or preheating temperature increase.

Cutting Characteristics of Hard-Brittle Materials Under Nano/Micro Groove Cutting Using a V-Shape Tool

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshino Masahiko ◽  
Shen Hao ◽  
Yuki Nakagawa ◽  
Abdallah Abdelkawy
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Plastic Flow ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Critical Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Model ◽  
Groove Cutting

Abstract The cutting characteristics and the critical depth of cut in nano/micro cutting of hard/brittle materials were investigated. A V-shaped single crystal diamond tool with a negative rake angle was used as the tool, and a cutting experiment was conducted by means of the inclined cutting test technique. The effect of rake angle on specific cutting force was also compared with V-groove cutting model based on simple shear plane. It was found that the cutting force increased and the burrs height increased as the rake angle became negative. and it was considered that the plastic flow influenced on the cutting force. It was also found that the critical cutting depth decreases with the decrease of the rake angle. The result of this experiment showed the opposite tendency to previous studies on the critical depth of cut. This is attributed to that, in the V-type tool cutting, the crack growth by increasing plastic flow is more effective than the suppress of cracks growth by increase of hydrostatic pressure.

Critical Depth of Cut and Specific Cutting Energy of a Microscribing Process for Hard and Brittle Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiunn-Jyh Junz Wang ◽  
Yong-Yuan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Specific Cutting Energy ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Cutting Energy ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
Hard And Brittle Materials ◽  
Critical Depth Of Cut

This paper investigated the scribing process characteristics of the hard and brittle materials including single crystal silicon, STV glass, and sapphire substrate. Under various cutting angles, major process characteristics are examined including the groove geometry, specific cutting energy, and critical depth of cut at the onset of ductile-to-brittle cutting transition. As the cutting depth increases, groove geometry clearly reveals the ductile-to-brittle transition from the plastic deformation to a brittle fracture state. The material size effect in the ductile region as well as the transition in scribing behavior is well reflected by change in the specific cutting energy. Further, it is shown that the change of specific cutting energy as a function of the cutting depth can serve as a criterion for estimating the critical depth of cut. Such estimated critical depth of cut is confirmed by measurement from a 3D confocal microscope. The critical depths of cut for these hard materials are found to be between 0.1μm and 0.5μm depending on the materials and cutting angles.

Numerical Simulation of Single Grit Cutting

2013 ◽  
Vol 589-590 ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
Lan Yan ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Zhong Wei Hu ◽  
Yi Ming(Kevin) Rong
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Critical Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Processes

Grinding process can be considered as micro-cutting processes with a lot of irregular abrasive grits on the surface of grinding wheel. The study of the grit-workpiece interaction through single grit cutting is an important contribution to describe the material removal processes in the grinding process. In this study, single grit cutting processes with different process parameters (depth of cut, cutting speed) were modeled by FEM software AdvantEdge. The critical depth of cut from plowing t cutting was investigated. The simulated tangential and radial cutting forces increase sharply due to the pile-up of workpiece material in the front of single grit when the depth of cut reached to some value. And the increase extent of cutting forces at low cutting speed is larger than that at high cutting speed due to the thermal softening of workpiece material. The simulated highest cutting temperature increase first, and then decrease, finally increase again with the increase of depth of cut. And the peak value of simulated highest cutting temperature occurs near the critical depth of cut. The simulated material removal rate increases with the increase of cutting speed and depth of cut.

Study on Edge Contact Area and Surface Integrity of Workpiece in Point Grinding Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 407-408 ◽  
pp. 577-581
Author(s):  
Shi Chao Xiu ◽  
Zhi Jie Geng ◽  
Guang Qi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Edge Contact ◽  
Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Theoretic Foundations

During cylindrical grinding process, the geometric configuration and size of the edge contact area between the grinding wheel and workpiece have the heavy effects on the workpiece surface integrity. In consideration of the differences between the point grinding and the conventional high speed cylindrical grinding, the geometric and mathematic models of the edge contact area in point grinding were established. Based on the models, the numerical simulation for the edge contact area was performed. By means of the point grinding experiment, the effect mechanism of the edge contact area on the ground surface integrity was investigated. These will offer the applied theoretic foundations for optimizing the point grinding angles, depth of cut, wheel and workpiece speed, geometrical configuration and size of CBN wheel and some other grinding parameters in point grinding process.

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