Sliding Wear of Titanium

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Kailas ◽  
S. K. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Temperature Strain

Titanium pins were slid against flat surfaces of alumina disks under dry condition and a normal load of 50N at sliding speeds varying from 0.1 to 4 ms−1. Estimated strain rate and temperature distribution in the subsurface when superposed on a microstructure evolution map in temperature-strain rate space give the microstructural response of the material to different sliding velocities at different subsurface depths. The map was obtained by conducting uniaxial compression tests. The experimentally observed variation in wear rate with sliding velocity was found to have a qualitative correspondence with the predicted variation of microstructure in the near surface region.

Transient Thermal Response of a Rotating Cylindrical Silicon Nitride Workpiece Subjected to a Translating Laser Heat Source, Part II: Parametric Effects and Assessment of a Simplified Model

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Rozzi ◽  
F. P. Incropera ◽  
Y. C. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Radial Temperature ◽  
Near Surface

In a companion paper (Rozzi et al., 1998), experimental validation was provided for a transient three-dimensional numerical model of the process by which a rotating workpiece is heated with a translating laser beam. In this paper, the model is used to elucidate the effect of operating parameters on thermal conditions within the workpiece and to assess the applicability of an approximate analysis which is better suited for on-line process control. From detailed numerical simulations, it was determined that the thickness of a surface thermal layer decreases with increasing workpiece rotational speed and that the influence of axial conduction on the workpiece temperature distribution increases with decreasing laser translational velocity. Temperatures increase throughout the workpiece with increasing laser power, while the influence of increasing beam diameter is confined to decreasing near-surface temperatures. Temperature-dependent thermophysical properties and forced convection heat transfer to the laser gas assist jet were found to significantly influence the maximum temperature beneath the laser spot, while radiation exchange with the surroundings and mixed convection to the ambient air were negligible. The approximate model yielded relations for calculating the radial temperature distribution within an r-φ plane corresponding to the center of the laser source, and predictions were in reasonable agreement with results of the numerical simulation, particularly in a near-surface region corresponding to the depth of cut expected for laser-assisted machining.

scholarly journals Microstructures, mechanical properties, and grease-lubricated sliding wear behavior of Cu-15Ni-8Sn-0.8Nb alloy with high strength and toughness

Friction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjuan Cheng ◽  
Mincong Mao ◽  
Xueping Gan ◽  
Qian Lei ◽  
Zhou Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Lubricating Grease ◽  
Lubricated Sliding

Abstract Alloys used as bearings in aircraft landing gear are required to reduce friction and wear as well as improve the load-carrying capability due to the increased aircraft weights. Cu-15Ni-8Sn-0.8Nb alloy is well known for possessing good mechanical and wear properties that satisfy such requirements. In this study, the microstructure, mechanical properties, and grease-lubricated sliding wear behavior of Cu-15Ni-8Sn-0.8Nb alloy with 0.8 wt% Nb are investigated. The nanoscale NbNi3 and NbNi2Sn compounds can strengthen the alloy through the Orowan strengthening mechanism. A Stribeck-like curve is plotted to illustrate the relationship among friction coefficient, normal load, and sliding velocity and to analyze the grease-lubricated mechanism. The wear rate increases with normal load and decreases with sliding velocity, except at 2.58 m/s. A wear mechanism map has been developed to exhibit the dominant wear mechanisms under various friction conditions. When the normal load is 700 N and the sliding velocity is 2.58 m/s, a chemical reaction between the lubricating grease and friction pairs occurs, resulting in the failure of lubricating grease and an increase in wear.

Physical, mechanical and dry sliding wear properties of non-woven viscose fabric epoxy-based polymer composites: An optimization study

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012110689
Author(s):  
Debabrata Panda ◽  
Krunal M Gangawane
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Area Density

Polymer-based composites have been widely used in the enhanced tribological technologies of various automobile, aerospace industry, sports, etc. The epoxy-based polymer composites reinforced with glass fiber have significantly improved the wear inhibitors and ultimate strength along with ultra-low density than other available materials. This current research aims to fabricate a variation of such non-woven viscose-based polymer composites for various weight fractions (100–400 GSM) with a constant fiber loading of 30 wt% and subsequently analyze its physical, mechanical, and tribological properties under various operating parameters. The density of the fabricated composite exhibits an increase of magnitude with an increase in weight fraction. The composites consist of 400 GSM fabric showing a higher tensile, impact, flexural strength, hardness, and inter lamina shear strength (ILSS). A pin-on-disc wear set-up held dry sliding wear tests of various nonwoven viscose fabric-based composites under various operating parameters like sliding velocity, sliding distance, area density, and normal load. A Taguchi-based L16 orthogonal array design was utilized to estimate the optimal behavior for maximum wear resistance for operating conditions. The result reveals that the normal load over the composite contributes the highest towards wear on a composite compared to area density, sliding velocity, and distance. The wear phenomena have been verified with SEM micrographs to characterize various wear phenomena like fiber rapture, ploughing, micro-cracks, and wear lines.

INVESTIGATION ON DRY SLIDING WEAR BEHAVIOR OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE-REINFORCED MAGNESIUM MATRIX COMPOSITE

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150106
Author(s):  
P. C. ELUMALAI ◽  
R. GANESH
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Significant Change

In this work, the dry sliding wear behaviors of pure monolithic magnesium and magnesium–titanium dioxide (Mg–TiO2) composites were studied using pin-on-disc tribometer against an oil-hardened nonshrinking die steel (OHNS) counter-disc with a normal load of 0.5–2[Formula: see text]kg and a sliding velocity of 1.5–2.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] with the sliding distance and wear track diameter of 1500[Formula: see text]m and 90[Formula: see text]mm, respectively. The pin samples were characterized for their microstructural, nanomechanical and tribological properties such as wear rate, coefficient of friction and wear fractographs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the worn-out surfaces of each pin sample in order to identify the different types of wear and wear mechanisms and the chemical constituents of each element were quantified by energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The influence of TiO2 reinforcements on the nanomechanical behavior was studied by nanoindentation technique. As compared with pure Mg, the nanoindentation strengths of Mg–1.5TiO2, Mg–2.5TiO2 and Mg–5TiO2 composites were found to increase by 11.9%, 22.2% and 35.8%, respectively, which was due to the addition of TiO2 particles and also due to the good bonding at the interface of TiO2 and magnesium particles. From the wear test results, a significant change in wear rate was observed with the change in normal load than that of sliding speed, whereas a significant change in coefficient of friction was noticed with the changes in both normal load and sliding velocity. The dominant wear mechanisms involved under the testing conditions were identified through plotting the contour maps and SEM fractographs. Also, from the fractographs it was noticed that delamination and plowing effect have been the significant wear mechanisms observed during low wear rate of samples, whereas melting, delamination and oxidation wear have been observed during high wear rate of pure Mg and its composites.

Texture Formation during High Temperature Deformation of Al-3mass%Mg Solid Solution

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Okayasu ◽  
Hiroshi Fukutomi
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Deformation ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Texture Formation ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Temperature Strain

Uniaxial compression tests were conducted on Al-3mass%Mg alloy under various temperatures and strain rates. High temperature yielding was observed at the temperatures higher than 623K. Texture examination elucidated that fiber textures are constructed in all the deformation conditions examined in this study. It was found that the kinds and intensities of texture components varied depending on deformation temperature, strain rate and the amount of strain.

Temperature Investigations in Tire/Road Contact

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wangenheim ◽  
Stefan Ripka
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Rolling Friction ◽  
Sliding Contact ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Friction Contact ◽  
Surface Pressure Distribution ◽  
Steady State Temperature

The mechanical properties of rubber materials are strongly dependent on temperature. This also affects the friction properties of rubber elements like tires or sealings. Therefore, the temperature distribution in a friction contact of rubber is investigated more closely in this publication. At first the steady-state temperature distribution in a sliding contact is examined experimentally and theoretically. These steady-state considerations are extended by transient processes like a step in the sliding velocity and a step in the normal load or a non-uniform surface pressure distribution. The temperature distribution in the rolling friction contact of a rubber wheel is investigated for a variation of the normal load, angular velocity and slippage. This is also performed experimentally and theoretically.

Modeling the High Temperature Deformation Behaviour of a near Alpha Titanium Alloy with Bi-Modal Microstructure

2012 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Balasundar ◽  
T. Raghu ◽  
B.P. Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
High Temperature Deformation ◽  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Alpha Titanium ◽  
Temperature Strain

The high temperature deformation behaviour of near alpha titanium alloy IMI834 with a bimodal microstructure has been evaluated by carrying out isothermal compression tests over a range of temperature and strain rate. The optimum thermomechanical processing (TMP) parameters i.e., temperature, strain rate that can be used to produce various aeroengine components were identified using dynamic materials modeling (DMM). Using kinetic analysis, a unified constitutive equation that describes the deformation behavior of the material in the selected temperature - strain rate regime has been established and the deformation mechanisms operating in the material were identified.

Effect of Processing Parameters on the Hot Compressive Deformation Behavior of 20CrMnTiH

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1693-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Liang Hu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Zhen Zhao ◽  
Zhi Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Gear Steel ◽  
Stress Maximum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Temperature Strain

20CrMnTiH is widely used as gear steel because of its good hardenability. Based on the Taguchi technique, an L9 orthogonal array was arranged, and the three main process parameters were deformation temperature, strain rate and strain, and their levels were in the range of 850oC~1050oC, 0.1 s-1~10s-1 and 0.2~0.8 respectively. Nine hot compression tests were carried out on a GLEEBLE 1500 simulator, and the stress-strain curves and microstructures were investigated. The experimental results showed that deformation temperature was the most significant parameter of flow stress maximum followed by strain rate and strain, and the impact significant degree of on the grain size after compression was shown in the following: deformation temperature > strain > strain rate.

scholarly journals Wear analysis of natural-inorganic fiber reinforced automotive brake composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Tej Singh ◽  
Gusztáv Fekete
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Significant Control ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Sliding Distance

Brake friction composite materials comprising varying proportions of natural (banana) and inorganic (lapinus) fibers were designed, fabricated by compression molding, and characterized for sliding wear performance. The sliding wear properties of the manufactured friction composites have been studied by the Taguchi method. An orthogonal array (L 16) was used to investigate the influence of sliding wear parameters. A series of tests were conducted on a pin-on-disc machine by considering four control parameters: composition, normal load, sliding velocity, and sliding distance, each having four levels. The results showed that the wear in terms of weight loss decreases with increasing banana fiber and increases with increasing lapinus fiber, normal load, sliding velocity, and sliding distance. The results indicate that the normal load emerges as the most significant control parameter affecting wear performance, followed by sliding distance and sliding velocity.

Grain Orientation Spread in Dynamically Recrystallized Austenitic Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Andrey Belyakov ◽  
Vladimir Torganchuk ◽  
Olga V. Rybalchenko ◽  
Sergey V. Dobatkin ◽  
Rustam Kaibyshev
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Austenitic Steel ◽  
Grain Orientation ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Hollomon Parameter ◽  
Σ3 Boundary ◽  
Grain Orientation Spread ◽  
Temperature Strain

Some feature of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DRX) in an Fe-0.4%C-18%Mn austenitic steel during isothermal compression tests at temperatures of 973-1373 K and strain rates of 10-3-10-1 s-1 were studied. The DRX microstructures consisted of various grains, i.e., DRX nuclei, growing DRX grains, and work-hardened DRX grains, which differentiated with the grain orientation spread (GOS). DRX was commonly promoted by a decrease in temperature-compensated strain rate, i.e., Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z), corresponding to an increase in deformation temperature and/or a decrease in strain rate. In contrast, the GOS distribution varied non-monotonously with Z. The large area fraction of DRX grains with small GOS below 1° appeared at definite temperature/strain rate conditions. The large fraction above 0.6 of DRX grains with small GOS was observed in DRX microstructures with a large ratio of CSL Σ3 boundary fraction to low-angle subboundary fraction. The GOS distribution in the DRX microstructures is discussed in terms of the DRX grain nucleation and growth rates.

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