scholarly journals Spherical Mechanism Synthesis in Virtual Reality

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Furlong ◽  
J. M. Vance ◽  
P. M. Larochelle
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mechanism Synthesis ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spherical Mechanisms ◽  
Input Design ◽  
Previous Design ◽  
Spherical Mechanism

This paper presents a new approach to using virtual reality (VR) to design spherical mechanisms. VR provides a three-dimensional (3-D) design space where a designer can input design positions using a combination of hand gestures and motions and view the resultant mechanism in stereo using natural head movement to change the viewpoint. Because of the three-dimensional nature of the design and verification of spherical mechanisms, VR is examined as a new design interface in this research. In addition to providing a VR environment for design, the research presented in this paper has focused on developing a “design in context” approach to spherical mechanism design. Previous design methods have involved placing coordinate frames along the surface of a constraint sphere. The new “design in context” approach allows a designer to freely place geometric models of movable objects inside an environment consisting of fixed objects. The fixed objects could either act as a base for a mechanism or be potential sources of interference with the motion of the mechanism. This approach allows a designer to perform kinematic synthesis of a mechanism while giving consideration to the interaction of that mechanism with its application environment.

scholarly journals Spherical Mechanism Synthesis in Virtual Reality

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd J. Furlong ◽  
Judy M. Vance ◽  
Pierre M. Larochelle
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mechanism Synthesis ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spherical Mechanisms ◽  
Input Design ◽  
Previous Design ◽  
Spherical Mechanism

Abstract This paper presents a new approach to using virtual reality (VR) to design spherical mechanisms. VR provides a three dimensional design space where a designer can input design positions using a combination of hand gestures and motions and view the resultant mechanism in stereo using natural head movement to change the viewpoint. Because of the three dimensional nature of the design and verification of spherical mechanisms, VR is examined as a new design interface in this research. In addition to providing a VR environment for design, the research presented in this paper has focused on developing a “design in context” approach to spherical mechanism design. Previous design methods have involved placing coordinate frames along the surface of a constraint sphere. The new “design in context” approach allows a designer to freely place geometric models of movable objects inside an environment consisting of fixed objects. The fixed objects could either act as a base for a mechanism or be potential sources of interference with the motion of the mechanism. This approach allows a designer to perform kinematic synthesis of a mechanism while giving consideration to the interaction of that mechanism with its application environment.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effectiveness of Traditional and Virtual Reality Interfaces in Spherical Mechanism Design

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Evans ◽  
J. M. Vance ◽  
V. J. Dark
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Human Computer Interface ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
Spherical Mechanisms ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
Spherical Mechanism

Virtual reality (VR) interfaces have the potential to enhance the engineering design process, but before industry embraces them, the benefits must be understood and documented. The current research compared two software applications, one which uses a traditional human-computer interface (HCI) and one which uses a virtual reality HCI, that were developed to aid engineers in designing complex three-dimensional spherical mechanisms. Participants used each system to design a spherical mechanism and then evaluated the different interfaces. Participants rated their ability to interact with the computer images, their feelings about each interface, and their preferences for which interface device to use for certain tasks. The results indicated that participants preferred a traditional interface for interaction tasks and a VR interface for visual tasks. These results provide information about how to improve implementation of VR technology, specifically for complex three-dimensional design applications.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effectiveness of Traditional and Virtual Reality Interfaces in Spherical Mechanism Design

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Evans ◽  
Judy M. Vance ◽  
Veronica J. Dark
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Human Computer Interface ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
Spherical Mechanisms ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
Spherical Mechanism

Abstract Virtual reality (VR) interfaces have the potential to enhance the engineering design process, but before industry embraces them, the benefits must be understood and documented. The current research compared two software applications, one which uses a traditional human-computer interface (HCI) and one which uses a virtual reality HCI, that were developed to aid engineers in designing complex three-dimensional spherical mechanisms. Participants used each system to design a spherical mechanism and then evaluated the different interfaces. Participants rated their ability to interact with the computer images, their feelings about each interface, and their preferences for which interface device to use for certain tasks. The results indicated that participants preferred a traditional interface for interaction tasks and a VR interface for visual tasks. These results provide information about how to improve implementation of VR technology, specifically for complex three-dimensional design applications.

Augmented and Virtual Reality for Underground Facilities Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Soria ◽  
L. M. Ortega Alvarado ◽  
Francisco R. Feito
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Life Cycle Management ◽  
Facilities Management ◽  
New Approach ◽  
3D Data ◽  
The City

Augmented reality (AR) has experienced a breakthrough in many areas of application thanks to cheaper hardware and a strong industry commitment. In the field of management of urban facilities, this technology allows virtual access and interaction with hidden underground elements. This paper presents a new approach to enable AR in mobile devices such as Google Tango, which has specific capabilities to be used outdoors. The first objective is to provide full functionality in the life-cycle management of subsoil infrastructures through this technology. This implies not only visualization, interaction, and free navigation, but also editing, deleting, and inserting elements ubiquitously. For this, a topological data model for three-dimensional (3D) data has been designed. Another important contribution of the paper is getting exact location and orientation performed in only a few minutes, using no additional markers or hardware. This accuracy in the initial positioning, together with the device sensing, avoids the usual errors during the navigation process in AR. Similar functionality has also been implemented in a nonubiquitous way to be supported by any other device through virtual reality (VR). The tests have been performed using real data of the city of Jaén (Spain).

A Virtual Reality Environment for Synthesizing Spherical Four-Bar Mechanisms

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott W. Osborn ◽  
Judy M. Vance
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Spatial Problem ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Spatial Design ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Logical Extension

Abstract This paper describes the development of a virtual reality environment which facilitates the design of spherical four-bar mechanisms. The virtual environment allows the user to naturally interact with the input data and specify the design parameters while operating in a three-dimensional environment. We see this development as a logical extension of existing graphics-based spatial design software. The need for a three-dimensional design space is driven by the difficulty in specifying design inputs and constraints for a spatial problem using a two-dimensional interface. In addition, once the mechanism has been created, the virtual environment provides the opportunity for the user to visually verify that the mechanism will perform the desired three-dimensional motion.

scholarly journals Kinematic Synthesis of Mechanism for System with a Technical Vision

2018 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Baurzhan Tultayev ◽  
Gani Balbayev ◽  
Algazy Zhauyt ◽  
Aidos Sultan ◽  
Aigerim Mussina
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Kinematic Chain ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Kinematic Chains ◽  
Spatial Mechanisms ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Technical Vision ◽  
Synthesis Of Mechanism

A solution to the problem of synthesizing an initial three-dimensional kinematic chain with spherical and rotary kinematic pairs is presented. It is shown that this chain can be used as a structural module for structural-kinematic synthesis of three-dimensional four-link motion generating lever mechanisms by the preset positions of the in-and output links. This paper affects the actual today’s problem of optimal synthesis of spatial link mechanisms. In this regard, the task of developing methods for the synthesis of complex spatial link mechanisms with the desired laws of motion of the input and output elements allowing automatizing the implementation of all design phases with the use of computer is quite relevant. The authors develop machine-oriented method of structural and kinematic synthesis of spatial link mechanisms based on the use of spatial initial kinematic chains (IKC) realizing prescribed motions. A new approach to the design of spatial mechanisms is suggested, according to which the design process is based on the kinematic synthesis of four-link initial kinematic chain (IKC) and associable kinematic chains (AKC).

Serial Chains of Spherical Four-Bar Mechanisms to Achieve Design Helices

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Giaier ◽  
Andrew P. Murray ◽  
David H. Myszka
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Spherical Mechanisms ◽  
Spherical Mechanism ◽  
Serial Chains

This paper presents a method for designing serial chains of spherical four-bar mechanisms that can achieve up to five design helices. The chains are comprised of identical copies of the same four-bar mechanism by connecting the coupler of the prior spherical mechanism to the base link of the subsequent spherical mechanism. Although having a degree of freedom per mechanism, the design methodology is based upon identically actuating each mechanism. With these conditions, the kinematic synthesis task of matching periodically spaced points on up to five arbitrary helices may be achieved. Due to the constraints realized via the spherical equivalent of planar Burmester Theory, spherical mechanisms produce at most five prescribed orientations resulting in this maximum. The methodology introduces a companion helix to each design helix along which the intersection locations of each spherical mechanisms axes must lie. As the mechanisms are connected by rigid links, the distance between the intersection locations along the companion helices is a constant. An extension to the coupler matches the points along the design helices. An approach to mechanically reducing the chain of mechanisms to a single degree of freedom is also presented. Finally, an example shows the methodology applied to three design helices.

scholarly journals Immersive 3D virtual reality imaging in planning minimally invasive and complex adult cardiac surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Amir H Sadeghi ◽  
Wouter Bakhuis ◽  
Frank Van Schaagen ◽  
Frans B S Oei ◽  
Jos A Bekkers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

Abstract Aims Increased complexity in cardiac surgery over the last decades necessitates more precise preoperative planning to minimize operating time, to limit the risk of complications during surgery and to aim for the best possible patient outcome. Novel, more realistic, and more immersive techniques, such as three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) could potentially contribute to the preoperative planning phase. This study shows our initial experience on the implementation of immersive VR technology as a complementary research-based imaging tool for preoperative planning in cardiothoracic surgery. In addition, essentials to set up and implement a VR platform are described. Methods Six patients who underwent cardiac surgery at the Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, between March 2020 and August 2020, were included, based on request by the surgeon and availability of computed tomography images. After 3D VR rendering and 3D segmentation of specific structures, the reconstruction was analysed via a head mount display. All participating surgeons (n = 5) filled out a questionnaire to evaluate the use of VR as preoperative planning tool for surgery. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that immersive 3D VR visualization of anatomy might be beneficial as a supplementary preoperative planning tool for cardiothoracic surgery, and further research on this topic may be considered to implement this innovative tool in daily clinical practice. Lay summary Over the past decades, surgery on the heart and vessels is becoming more and more complex, necessitating more precise and accurate preoperative planning. Nowadays, operative planning is feasible on flat, two-dimensional computer screens, however, requiring a lot of spatial and three-dimensional (3D) thinking of the surgeon. Since immersive 3D virtual reality (VR) is an upcoming imaging technique with promising results in other fields of surgery, we aimed in this study to explore the additional value of this technique in heart surgery. Our surgeons planned six different heart operations by visualizing computed tomography scans with a dedicated VR headset, enabling them to visualize the patient’s anatomy in an immersive and 3D environment. The outcomes of this preliminary study are positive, with a much more reality-like simulation for the surgeon. In such, VR could potentially be beneficial as a preoperative planning tool for complex heart surgery.

scholarly journals Exploration of collagen cavitation based on peptide electrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhai ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Zhihua Shan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anode Region ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Material ◽  
Animal Skin ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Material Preparation

AbstractElectrochemical modification of animal skin is a new material preparation method and new direction of research exploration. In this study, under the action of the electric field using NaCl as the supporting electrolyte, the effect of electrolysis on Glycyl-glycine(GlyGl), gelatin(Gel) and Three-dimensional rawhide collagen(3DC) were determined. The amino group of GlyGl is quickly eliminated within the anode region by electrolysis isolated by an anion exchange membrane. Using the same method, it was found that the molecular weight of Gel and the isoelectric point of the Gel decreased, and the viscosity and transparency of the Gel solution obviously changed. The electrolytic dissolution and structural changes of 3DC were further investigated. The results of TOC and TN showed that the organic matter in 3DC was dissolved by electrolysis, and the tissue cavitation was obvious. A new approach for the preparation of collagen-based multi-pore biomaterials by electrochemical method was explored.

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