Overlapped K Joints in Circular Hollow Sections Under Axial Loading (An Investigation of the Factors Affecting the Static Strength Using Numerical Modeling)

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Dexter ◽  
M. M. K. Lee ◽  
M. G. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Static Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Current Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Design Guidance

Overlapped joints are generally regarded as having higher strengths than otherwise identical, simple nonoverlapping joints because of the more efficient load transfer between braces. However, not only that relatively little research has been carried out on such joints, the few test data from which current design guidance was derived has also been recently rejected. This paper reports the first phase of a parametric finite element study into the strength of overlapping K joints under axial loading. The numerical models were validated and calibrated against existing gap and overlapped K joint test results, and various factors which affect the relationship between the strength and the overlap amount, such as boundary restraints, hidden welds, loading hierarchy, and failure modes, were investigated. The results of the work presented lay the foundation for a future parametric study.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of the Mechanical Behavior of Suspension Bridge Tunnel-Type Anchorage

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafeng Han ◽  
Xinrong Liu ◽  
Ning Wei ◽  
Dongliang Li ◽  
Zhiyun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Soft Rock ◽  
Suspension Bridge ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Rock Strata

The recent surge of interest towards the mechanical response of rock mass produced by tunnel-type anchorage (TTA) has generated a handful of theories and an array of empirical explorations on the topic. However, none of these have attempted to arrange the existing achievements in a systematic way. The present work puts forward an integrative framework laid out over three levels of explanation and practical approach, mechanical behavior, and calculation method of the ultimate pullout force to compare and integrate the existing findings in a meaningful way. First, it reviews the application of TTA in China and analyzes its future development trend. Then, it summarizes the research results of TTA in terms of load transfer characteristics, deformation characteristics, failure modes, and calculation of ultimate uplift resistance. Finally, it introduces four field model tests in soft rock (mainly mudstone formations), and some research results are obtained. Furthermore, it compares the mechanical behavior of TTA in hard rock strata and soft rock strata, highlighting the main factors affecting the stability of TTA in soft rock formation. This paper proposes a series of focused topics for future investigation that would allow deconstruction of the drivers and constraints of the development of TTA.

scholarly journals Flexure Performance of Externally Bonded CFRP Plates-Strengthened Reinforced Concrete Members

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xin Yuan ◽  
Chaoyu Zhu ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Jiangbei Hu ◽  
Baijian Tang
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Cfrp Plate ◽  
Matlab Program ◽  
Externally Bonded ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the flexural behavior of CFRP plate-strengthened concrete structures. Specimens of the CFRP plate-reinforced beam were designed and tested by the four-point flexural test. The load-deflection relationship, failure modes, and crack propagation were analyzed. The results showed that the postcracking stiffness and bearing capacity of the test beams can be improved by the additional anchoring measures for CFRP strengthening. The relationship between flexural moment and curvature was analyzed by introducing a MATLAB program. The calculation model between curvature, flexural moment, and stiffness was derived for the CFRP plate-strengthened structure. The recommended calculation model was applied in the analysis of deflection, and the theoretical values were compared with the test results.

Analysis of Bending Loads on Bamboo-Balsa and Bamboo-Polypropylene Honeycomb Composite Sandwiches

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldyandra Hami Seno ◽  
Eko Koswara ◽  
Hendri Syamsudin ◽  
Djarot Widagdo
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Bending Behavior ◽  
Honeycomb Cores ◽  
Load Deflection Curve

This research was done to evaluate the bending behavior (load-deflection curve and failuremode) of sandwich structures using Tali Bamboo strips as sandwich skin material. Bending tests wereconducted on sandwich specimens with end grain balsa (3-point bending) and polypropylene (PP)honeycomb cores (4-point bending) to evaluate their bending behavior. From the test results,analytical and numerical models were developed to simulate the observed bending behavior. Themodels are able to simulate the pre-failure bending behavior and failure modes (core shear failure) ofthe specimens. It is also shown that for thin (length/thickness > 20) sandwiches the models are moreaccurate since shear effects are less prominent. With the obtained models a predictive comparison isdone between the PP and balsa cored specimens since the testing configuration for each type wasdifferent. The analysis results show that balsa cored specimens are able to withstand higher transversebending loads due to the higher shear strength of the balsa core. These prediction results are to beproven by specimen testing which is the subject of future research.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Pile-Supported Composite Foundations under Cyclic Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kaifu Liu ◽  
Yiguo Yang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jiapei Xu ◽  
Xinyu Xie
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Regression Function ◽  
Composite Foundation ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Foundation Settlement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fitting Method ◽  
Numerical Fitting ◽  
The Relationship

A series of model tests were conducted in this study to investigate the deformation characteristics of geosynthetic-reinforced pile-supported (GRPS) composite foundations under cyclic loading. The effects of the applied load, the number of geogrid layers, and types of piles on the performance of the GRPS composite foundation were studied through 1g physical models of composite foundation with well-planned instrumentation. Furthermore, a numerical fitting method was used to assess the relationship between the foundation settlement and the number of load cycles. The results show that with the increase in the magnitude of cyclic load and the number of load cycles, the settlement of GRPS composite foundations and the strain of the pile and geogrid increased accordingly. Adding rigid piles and increasing the number of geogrid layers both could reduce the settlement of GRPS composite foundations, while adding rigid piles was more effective. The relationship between the foundation settlement and the number of load cycles can be expressed by an exponential regression function. The pile strain varied from place to place that the strain of the upper part of the pile was greater than that of the lower part. The geogrid showed a significant impact on the load transfer mechanism of the composite foundation as the geogrid closer to piles endured larger strain. It is critical to consider the variation of the pile strain and the geogrid strain under cyclic loading in the geotechnical practice of composite foundation. The model test results also suggest that the use of GRPS system can effectively reduce the composite foundation settlement. This paper can provide useful references for developing the theoretical framework and design guides for GRPS composite foundations under cyclic loading.

Parametric Study of Static Strength of Multiplanar KK-Joints：Square Chords and Circular Braces

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 1527-1532
Author(s):  
Ai Guo Chen ◽  
Wei Liang Huang ◽  
Rui Zeng Shan ◽  
Qing Shan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Truss Structures ◽  
Hollow Section ◽  
Circular Hollow Section

Pre-stressed spatial tubular truss system is adopted in steel roof truss structures of China International Exhibition Center New Venue. Bottom chord joints are multiplanar KK-joints consisting of chord with square hollow section and brace with circular hollow section. However, not only that relatively little research has been carried out on such joints, but also that no detailed design guidance on KK-type joints consisting of chord with square hollow section and brace with circular hollow section can be found Current design code for steel structure (GB 50017-2003). This paper reports the study into the strength of this type of KK-joints under axial loading. The numerical models were adopted, and several various geometric parameters which affect the strength and failure modes, were investigated. It was indicated that the geometric parameters affects significantly the ultimate capacity and failure modes of the joints. The varied relationship of the strength and failure mode with parameter varying was studied in detail. The results of the work presented provide initial discussion on behavior of this type of KK-joints and lay the foundation for a future large-scale parametric study and put out design formula.

Fatigue Capacity of Fillet Welded Connections Subjected to Axial and Shear Loading

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Lotsberg
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Cruciform Joints ◽  
The Status ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Tubular Specimens ◽  
Design Guidance

The status on current design recommendations concerning the fatigue capacity of fillet welds was presented by Maddox (2002), based on a literature survey. In order to examine the validity of the recommendations and to supplement the fatigue test data base, a test matrix with 33 specimens was developed. This included 8 simple fillet welded cruciform joints that were subjected to axial loading and 25 fillet welded tubular specimens that were subjected to axial load and/or torsion for simulation of a combined stress condition in the fillet weld. The data obtained from these fatigue tests are presented in this paper. The test data are also compared with design guidance from IIW (1996), Eurocode 3 (1993) and DNV-RP-C203 (2005).

Field behaviour of screw micropiles subjected to axial loading in cohesive soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyang Guo ◽  
Lijun Deng
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Cohesive Soils ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Load Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Field Behaviour

Field tests of full-scale screw micropiles with a diameter varying from 76 to 114 mm and a length varying from 1.6 to 3 m were undertaken to investigate the axial pile capacities, load-transfer mechanism, and end installation torques of the piles in cohesive soils. Forty tests were performed on piles subjected to axial compressive and tensile loads. Six tests were instrumented with strain gauges on the pile shaft. Results showed the piles reached the limit state before the displacement exceeded 10% of the shaft diameter. The majority of axial load was transferred to the threaded segment. The adhesion coefficient of the top smooth shaft at the limit state was less than 0.1. The failure mode along the cylindrical threaded shaft was cylindrical shearing along the edge of the threads; the threads increased the axial capacities of the segment. Axial capacities of the threaded tapered segment were 43% on average greater than that of a cylindrical segment with the equivalent volume. Compressive capacities of all test piles were estimated and the results agreed reasonably well with the measured capacities. A theoretical torque model was proposed to estimate the end installation torques based on the cone penetration test results; the theoretical results matched the measured end torques very well.

scholarly journals An Analytical Study of Square CFT Columns in Bracing Connection Subjected to Axial Loading

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianrong Pan ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Yanjun Zheng ◽  
Zhan Wang ◽  
Deming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Axial Load ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Gusset Plate ◽  
Composite Action ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Cft Column ◽  
Core Concrete

This paper presents the behavior of square concrete-filled tubular (CFT) columns with different penetrating gusset plates under axial load. Load transfer mechanism in the CFT columns including load distribution between gusset plate and core concrete and composite action of the gusset plate and steel tube was investigated. Experimental results showed that the axial load can be transferred from the bottom edge, ribs, and the hole of the gusset plate to core concrete through the bearing mechanism. Adding ribs or a hole on the gusset plate can efficiently facilitate load transmission and improve the composite action. Numerical models were established to determine the distribution of axial forces among members in the square CFT column. Then, revised coefficients of elastic modulus for the square CFT column with the gusset plate were proposed.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Square Steel Members Wrapped by CFRP Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3082-3087 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Local Buckling ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Tubular Columns ◽  
Steel Members ◽  
Strain Behaviour

HSS (Hollow Structural Steel) tubular members used in buildings and bridges for structural application is rapidly developing technique in the recent era. Since, they have many advantages over RC structural members. This paper presents the application of CFRP on HSS tubular members under axial compression. Typical failure occurred during axial loading was local buckling, and this could be reduced by wrapping CFRP sheets around the HSS tubular columns were investigated experimentally. Eight steel samples are used in this test. Among eight specimens, two are unwrapped and the remaining six columns are externally wrapped by CFRP. CFRP sheets are used as strips, and the width of the sheets are constant. The spacing between the CFRP sheets is also constant. All columns are tested in column tester till the maximum to understand their failure modes, Ultimate load, load Vs. Displacement, Stress- Strain behaviour and Ductility index. Finally, results obtained from the experimental investigation could be validated with ANSYS software. The ultimate load and displacements from ANSYS validation are closely match with test results.

DIVERSITY OF INNOVATION TO ENHANCE CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN BATIK SLAMET HADIPRIYANTO BANYUMAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-929
Author(s):  
Feby Febrian ◽  
Ahmad Zaelani Adnan ◽  
Lutfi Setiadi Wibawa ◽  
Rudi Suprianto Ahmadi ◽  
Granit Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Consumer Loyalty ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Report Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Practical Implications

The research objective was to evaluate the relationship between innovation and customer loyalty as a determining factor in the sustainability of the marketing of batik cloth products. Design / methodology / approach - using descriptive and verification methods. The design uses consumer report data from the objective test results of 100 consumers from 3000 populations. The responses measured include innovation and loyalty. Measured data diversity and analysis was performed using       simple regression to estimate customer loyalty. Findings – diversity of innovation are important factors affecting consumer loyalty of batik cloth. Research limitations/implications - understanding the patterns that lead to product innovation diversity. Practical implications – diversity of innovation with loyalty. This diversity is a way to understand and explain antecedent innovation to increase consumer loyalty to batik cloth. Originality/value    development    innovation diversity to increase    consumer loyalty. The conclusion shows that this variable has a significant effect, namely 68.6% of the innovation variable from the loyalty, while 31.4% is explained by other variables not included in this study.

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