On the Nonuniqueness of Solutions Obtained With Simplified Variational Principles

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 820-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mang ◽  
P. Helnwein ◽  
R. H. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Variational Principle ◽  
Lagrange Multipliers ◽  
Variational Principles ◽  
Boundary Value ◽  
Geometrically Nonlinear ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
Geometrically Nonlinear Theory ◽  
Nonuniqueness Of Solutions ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution ◽  
Bending Of Beams

The attempt to satisfy subsidiary conditions in boundary value problems without additional independent unknowns in the form of Lagrange multipliers has led to the development of so-called “simplified variational principles.” They are based on using the Euler-Lagrange equations for the Lagrange multipliers to express the multipliers in terms of the original variables. It is shown that the conversion of a variational principle with subsidiary conditions to such a simplified variational principle may lead to the loss of uniqueness of the solution of a boundary value problem. A particularly simple form of the geometrically nonlinear theory of bending of beams is used as the vehicle for this proof. The development given in this paper is entirely analytical. Hence, the deficiencies of the investigated simplified variational principle are fundamental.

On the equations governing the motion of an anisotropic poroelastic material

2006 ◽  
Vol 462 (2072) ◽  
pp. 2373-2396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülay Altay ◽  
M. Cengİz Dökmecİ
Keyword(s):  
Variational Principle ◽  
Heterogeneous Media ◽  
Variational Principles ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Free Vibrations ◽  
Anisotropic Fluid ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
Poroelastic Material

We address Biot's equations governing the motion of an anisotropic fluid-saturated poroelastic material with certain properties. First, we investigate the uniqueness in solutions of the three-dimensional governing equations for the regular region of the poroelastic material and enumerate the conditions sufficient for the uniqueness. Next, by applying Hamilton's principle to the motion of the region, we obtain a variational principle that generates only the Biot–Newton equations and the associated natural boundary conditions. Then, by extending the variational principle for the region with an internal fixed surface of discontinuity through Legendre's transformation, we derive a six-field variational principle that operates on all the poroelastic field variables. The variational principle leads, as its Euler–Lagrange equations, to all the governing equations, including the jump conditions but the initial conditions, as a generalized version of the Hellinger–Reissner variational principle. Moreover, we consider the free vibrations of the region, and we discuss some basic properties of eigenvalues and present a variational formulation by Rayleigh's quotient. This work provides a standard tool with the features of variational principles when numerically solving the governing equations in heterogeneous media with finite element methods, treating the free vibrations and consistently deriving some one-dimensional/two-dimensional equations of the poroelastic region.

scholarly journals Lidstone–Euler Second-Type Boundary Value Problems: Theoretical and Computational Tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Aldo Costabile ◽  
Maria Italia Gualtieri ◽  
Anna Napoli
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Value Problem ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Existence And Uniqueness ◽  
Interpolation Problem ◽  
Boundary Value ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Odd Order ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution ◽  
Type Boundary

AbstractGeneral nonlinear high odd-order differential equations with Lidstone–Euler boundary conditions of second type are treated both theoretically and computationally. First, the associated interpolation problem is considered. Then, a theorem of existence and uniqueness of the solution to the Lidstone–Euler second-type boundary value problem is given. Finally, for a numerical solution, two different approaches are illustrated and some numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed algorithms.

The Determination of Maximum Range for an Unpowered Atmospheric Vehicle

1964 ◽  
Vol 68 (638) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Calculus Of Variations ◽  
Lagrange Multipliers ◽  
Digital Computer ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
Initial Portion ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
Maximum Range ◽  
Isothermal Atmosphere

SummaryThe problem of maximising the range of a given unpowered, air-launched vehicle is formed as one of Mayer type in the calculus of variations. Eulers’ necessary conditions for the existence of an extremal are stated together with the natural end conditions. The problem reduces to finding the incidence programme which will give the greatest range.The vehicle is assumed to be an air-to-ground, winged unpowered vehicle flying in an isothermal atmosphere above a flat earth. It is also assumed to be a point mass acted upon by the forces of lift, drag and weight. The acceleration due to gravity is assumed constant.The fundamental constraints of the problem and the Euler-Lagrange equations are programmed for an automatic digital computer. By considering the Lagrange multipliers involved in the problem a method of search is devised based on finding flight paths with maximum range for specified final velocities. It is shown that this method leads to trajectories which are sufficiently close to the “best” trajectory for most practical purposes.It is concluded that such a method is practical and is particularly useful in obtaining the optimum incidence programme during the initial portion of the flight path.

Optimal Trajectories of Open-Chain Robot Systems: A New Solution Procedure Without Lagrange Multipliers

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil K. Agrawal ◽  
Pana Claewplodtook ◽  
Brian C. Fabien
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Lagrange Multipliers ◽  
Nonlinear Differential Equations ◽  
Boundary Value ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Optimal Trajectories ◽  
Point Boundary ◽  
Open Chain ◽  
Robot Systems

For an n d.o.f. robot system, optimal trajectories using Lagrange multipliers are characterized by 4n first-order nonlinear differential equations with 4n boundary conditions at the two end time. Numerical solution of such two-point boundary value problems with shooting techniques is hard since Lagrange multipliers can not be guessed. In this paper, a new procedure is proposed where the dynamic equations are embedded into the cost functional. It is shown that the optimal solution satisfies n fourth-order differential equations. Due to absence of Lagrange multipliers, the two-point boundary-value problem can be solved efficiently and accurately using classical weighted residual methods.

scholarly journals The nonlocal boundary value problem with perturbations of mixed boundary conditions for an elliptic equation with constant coefficients. II

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-188
Author(s):  
Ya.O. Baranetskij ◽  
P.I. Kalenyuk ◽  
M.I. Kopach ◽  
A.V. Solomko
Keyword(s):  
Elliptic Equation ◽  
Boundary Value Problem ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Mixed Boundary ◽  
Boundary Value ◽  
Nonlocal Boundary ◽  
Nonlocal Conditions ◽  
Mixed Boundary Conditions ◽  
Multipoint Problem ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution

In this paper we continue to investigate the properties of the problem with nonlocal conditions, which are multipoint perturbations of mixed boundary conditions, started in the first part. In particular, we construct a generalized transform operator, which maps the solutions of the self-adjoint boundary-value problem with mixed boundary conditions to the solutions of the investigated multipoint problem. The system of root functions $V(L)$ of operator $L$ for multipoint problem is constructed. The conditions under which the system $V(L)$ is complete and minimal, and the conditions under which it is the Riesz basis are determined. In the case of an elliptic equation the conditions of existence and uniqueness of the solution for the problem are established.

On Fractional Hamilton Formulation Within Caputo Derivatives

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru Baleanu ◽  
Sami I. Muslih ◽  
Eqab M. Rabei
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Variational Principles ◽  
Hamiltonian Dynamics ◽  
Fractional Integration ◽  
Fractional Dynamics ◽  
Classical Dynamics ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
Caputo Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Non Locality

The fractional Lagrangian and Hamiltonian dynamics is an important issue in fractional calculus area. The classical dynamics can be reformulated in terms of fractional derivatives. The fractional variational principles produce fractional Euler-Lagrange equations and fractional Hamiltonian equations. The fractional dynamics strongly depends of the fractional integration by parts as well as the non-locality of the fractional derivatives. In this paper we present the fractional Hamilton formulation based on Caputo fractional derivatives. One example is treated in details to show the characteristics of the fractional dynamics.

The Three-Dimensional Problem of Statics of the Elastic Mixture Theory with Displacements Given on the Boundary

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
M. Basheleishvili
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Value Problem ◽  
Boundary Value ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mixture Theory ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Fredholm Integral Equations ◽  
Infinite Domains ◽  
Elastic Mixture ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution ◽  
Dimensional Boundary

Abstract The first three-dimensional boundary value problem is considered for the basic equations of statics of the elastic mixture theory in the finite and infinite domains bounded by the closed surfaces. It is proved that this problem splits into two problems whose investigation is reduced to the first boundary value problem for an elliptic equation which structurally coincides with an equation of statics of an isotropic elastic body. Using the potential method and the theory of Fredholm integral equations of second kind, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the first boundary value problem is proved for the split equation.

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