Final Report on the Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Bannister ◽  
R. A. Newby ◽  
W. C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Reference System ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Final Report ◽  
General Reference ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Reference Plant ◽  
Near Term

Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. WE-NET is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for hydrogen-based energy systems. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. A Rankine cycle, with reheat and recuperation, was selected by Westinghouse as the general reference system. Variations of this cycle have been examined to identify a reference system having maximum development feasibility, while meeting the requirement of a minimum of 70.9 percent low heating value (LHV) efficiency. The strategy applied by Westinghouse was to assess both a near-term and long-term Reference Plant. The near-term plant requires moderate development based on extrapolation of current steam and combustion turbine technology. In contrast, the long-term plant requires more extensive development for an additional high pressure reheat turbine, and is more complex than the near-term plant with closed-loop steam cooling and extractive feedwater heating. Trade-offs between efficiency benefits and development challenges of the near-term and long-term reference plant are identified. Results of this study can be applied to guide the future development activities of hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine systems.

scholarly journals Final Report on the Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Bannister ◽  
Richard A. Newby ◽  
Wen-Ching Yang
Keyword(s):  
Reference System ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Final Report ◽  
General Reference ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Reference Plant ◽  
Near Term

Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. WE-NET is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for hydrogen-based energy systems. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. A Rankine cycle, with reheat and recuperation, was selected by Westinghouse as the general Reference System. Variations of this cycle have been examined to identify a Reference System having maximum development feasibility, while meeting the requirement of a minimum of 70.9% low heating value (LHV) efficiency. The strategy applied by Westinghouse was to assess both a near-term and long-term Reference Plant. The near-term plant requires moderate development based on extrapolation of current steam and combustion turbine technology. In contrast, the long-term plant requires more extensive development for an additional high-pressure reheat turbine, and is more complex than the near-term plant with closed-loop steam cooling and extractive feedwater heating. Trade-offs between efficiency benefits and development challenges of the near-term and long-term reference plant are identified. Results of this study can be applied to guide the future development activities of hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine systems.

Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Bannister ◽  
R. A. Newby ◽  
W. C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Cryogenic Liquid ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Cell Conversion ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Near Term

Consideration of a hydrogen based economy is attractive because it allows energy to be transported and stored at high densities and then transformed into useful work in pollution-free turbine or fuel cell conversion systems. Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. The program is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for a hydrogen-based energy system. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when the hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. The full-scale demonstration will be a greenfield power plant located seaside. Hydrogen will be delivered to the site as a cryogenic liquid, and its cryogenic energy will be used to power an air liquefaction unit to produce pure oxygen. To meet the NEDO plant thermal cycle requirement of a minimum of 70.9 percent, low heating value (LHV), a variety of possible cycle configurations and working fluids have been investigated. This paper reports on the selection of the best cycle (a Rankine cycle), and the two levels of technology needed to support a near-term plant and a long-term plant. The combustion of pure hydrogen with pure hydrogen with pure oxygen results only in steam, thereby allowing for a direct-fired Rankine steam cycle. A near-term plant would require only development to support the design of an advanced high pressure steam turbine and an advanced intermediate pressure steam turbine.

scholarly journals Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cycle for Power Generation

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Bannister ◽  
Richard A. Newby ◽  
Wen-Ching Yang
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Cryogenic Liquid ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Cell Conversion ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Near Term

Consideration of a hydrogen based economy is attractive because it allows energy to be transported and stored at high densities and then transformed into useful work in pollution-free turbine or fuel cell conversion systems. Through its New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) the Japanese government is sponsoring the World Energy Network (WE-NET) Program. The program is a 28-year global effort to define and implement technologies needed for a hydrogen-based energy system. A critical part of this effort is the development of a hydrogen-fueled combustion turbine system to efficiently convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen to electricity when the hydrogen is combusted with pure oxygen. The full-scale demonstration will be a greenfield power plant located sea-side. Hydrogen will be delivered to the site as a cryogenic liquid, and its cryogenic energy will be used to power an air liquefaction unit to produce pure oxygen. To meet the NEDO plant thermal cycle requirement of a minimum of 70.9%, low heating value (LHV), a variety of possible cycle configurations and working fluids have been investigated. This paper reports on the selection of the best cycle (a Rankine cycle), and the two levels of technology needed to support a near-term plant and a long-term plant. The combustion of pure hydrogen with pure hydrogen with pure oxygen results only in steam, thereby allowing for a direct-fired Rankine steam cycle. A near-term plant would require only moderate development to support the design of an advanced high pressure steam turbine and an advanced intermediate pressure steam turbine.

The foundations of peaceful coexistence after the war ... Mosul is a model

2019 ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Omar Hashim Thanon
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
The Common ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Post War ◽  
Common Destiny

Since peaceful coexistence reflects in its various aspects the concept of harmony between the members of the same society with their different national, religious and sectarian affiliations, as well as their attitudes and ideas, what brings together these are the common bonds such as land, interests and common destiny. But this coexistence is exposing for crises and instability and the theft of rights and other that destroy the communities with their different religious, national, sectarian, ethnic aspects, especially if these led to a crisis of fighting or war, which produces only destruction and mass displacement, ttherefore, the process of bridging the gap between the different parts of society in the post-war phase through a set of requirements that serve as the basis for the promotion of peaceful coexistence within the same country to consolidate civil and community peace in order to create a general framework and a coherent basis to reconstruct the community again.      Hence the premise of the research by asking about the extent of the possibility and ability of the community of religious and ethnic diversity, which has been exposed to these crises, which aimed at this diversity, basically to be able to rise and re-integrate within the same country and thus achieve civil and community peace, and Mosul is an example for that, the negative effects of the war and the accomplices of many criminal acts have given rise to hatred and fear for all, leading to the loss of livelihoods, which in the long term may have devastating social and psychological consequences.        To clarify all of this, the title of the first topic was a review of the concept and origin of peaceful coexistence. While the second topic dealt with the requirements of peaceful coexistence and social integration in Mosul, the last topic has identified the most important challenges facing the processes of coexistence and integration in Mosul. All this in order to paint a better future for the conductor at all levels in the near term at the very least to achieve the values of this peaceful coexistence, especially in the post-war period.

scholarly journals Transdisciplinary AI Observatory—Retrospective Analyses and Future-Oriented Contradistinctions

Philosophies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nadisha-Marie Aliman ◽  
Leon Kester ◽  
Roman Yampolskiy
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Ai Safety

In the last years, artificial intelligence (AI) safety gained international recognition in the light of heterogeneous safety-critical and ethical issues that risk overshadowing the broad beneficial impacts of AI. In this context, the implementation of AI observatory endeavors represents one key research direction. This paper motivates the need for an inherently transdisciplinary AI observatory approach integrating diverse retrospective and counterfactual views. We delineate aims and limitations while providing hands-on-advice utilizing concrete practical examples. Distinguishing between unintentionally and intentionally triggered AI risks with diverse socio-psycho-technological impacts, we exemplify a retrospective descriptive analysis followed by a retrospective counterfactual risk analysis. Building on these AI observatory tools, we present near-term transdisciplinary guidelines for AI safety. As further contribution, we discuss differentiated and tailored long-term directions through the lens of two disparate modern AI safety paradigms. For simplicity, we refer to these two different paradigms with the terms artificial stupidity (AS) and eternal creativity (EC) respectively. While both AS and EC acknowledge the need for a hybrid cognitive-affective approach to AI safety and overlap with regard to many short-term considerations, they differ fundamentally in the nature of multiple envisaged long-term solution patterns. By compiling relevant underlying contradistinctions, we aim to provide future-oriented incentives for constructive dialectics in practical and theoretical AI safety research.

scholarly journals How Do Trade-Offs and Synergies between Ecosystem Services Change in the Long Period? The Case Study of Uxin, Inner Mongolia, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Li ◽  
Buyantuev ◽  
Bao ◽  
Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Long Term Trends

Ecosystem services management should often expect to deal with non-linearities due to trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services (ES). Therefore, it is important to analyze long-term trends in ES development and utilization to understand their responses to climate change and intensification of human activities. In this paper, the region of Uxin in Inner Mongolia, China, was chosen as a case study area to describe the spatial distribution and trends of 5 ES indicators. Changes in relationships between ES and driving forces of dynamics of ES relationships were analyzed for the period 1979–2016 using a stepwise regression. We found that: the magnitude and directions in ES relationships changed during this extended period; those changes are influenced by climate factors, land use change, technological progress, and population growth.

1 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Isostearyl Neopentanoate

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Cosmetic Formulation

Isostearyl Neopentanoate, the ester of Isostearyl Alcohol and Neopentanoic Acid, is used in cosmetic products as an emollient at concentrations up to 50 percent. The undiluted ingredient at doses up to 4 ml/kg was shown to be relatively non-toxic in short-and long-term feeding studies. Test data from animal and clinical studies indicate the undiluted ingredient is neither an irritant nor a sensitizer. A cosmetic formulation containing 16 percent Isostearyl Neopentanoate produced no phototoxicity and no photoallergenicity. Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity data were not available. Isostearyl Neopentanoate was not considered to be a significant comedogenic agent. On the basis of available data, it is concluded that this ingredient is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in its present practices of use.

scholarly journals Trade-offs in initial and long-term handling efficiency of PIT-tag and photographic identification methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 108110
Author(s):  
Lindsey S. Roberts ◽  
Abigail B. Feuka ◽  
Erin Muths ◽  
Bennett M. Hardy ◽  
Larissa L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Pit Tag ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Dark scalars and heavy neutral leptons at DarkQuest

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Batell ◽  
Jared A. Evans ◽  
Stefania Gori ◽  
Mudit Rai
Keyword(s):  
Particle Production ◽  
Meson Production ◽  
Gluon Fusion ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Hidden Sector ◽  
Detector Acceptance ◽  
Light Scalar ◽  
Near Term

Abstract The proposed DarkQuest beam dump experiment, a modest upgrade to the existing SeaQuest/SpinQuest experiment, has great potential for uncovering new physics within a dark sector. We explore both the near-term and long-term prospects for observing two distinct, highly-motivated hidden sector benchmark models: heavy neutral leptons and Higgs-mixed scalars. We comprehensively examine the particle production and detector acceptance at DarkQuest, including an updated treatment of meson production, and light scalar production through both bremsstrahlung and gluon-gluon fusion. In both benchmark models, DarkQuest will provide an opportunity to probe previously inaccessible interesting regions of parameter space on a fairly short timescale when compared to other proposed experiments.

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