Optical Distance Meter Using a Pulsed Laser Diode and Fast Avalanche Photo Diodes for Measurements of Molten Steel Levels

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Araki ◽  
Haruhiko Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Laser Diode ◽  
Molten Steel ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Steel Mold ◽  
Optical Distance ◽  
Fast Rise

An optical distance meter with a wide dynamic range, is proposed for measuring the level of molten steel in a steel mold. The meter operates by measuring the flight time of a short optical pulse that is propagated between the light source and the target. A pulsed laser diode with a fast rise time is utilized as a light source, and two avalanche photo-diodes are used as detectors. The optical distance meter performs at a measurement range and a standard deviation of the measurement error of 1 m and 1 mm for the black paper target, respectively. To test its reliability, the distance meter is used to monitor the level of molten steel during a continuous casting process. The results obtained were compared with those obtained using an eddy current sensor and a γ-ray sensor. The measurement range of the optical method is ten times those attained using other two sensors. Continuous monitoring of the steel level can be done from the initiation of the casting process with the proposed distance meter.

Phase‐modulation fluorometry using a frequency‐doubled pulsed laser diode light source

1990 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1816-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus W. Berndt ◽  
Ignacy Gryczynski ◽  
Joseph R. Lakowicz
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Laser Diode ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Pulsed Laser

High Power Red Laser Diode for Projector Light Source

2019 ◽  
pp. 1283
Author(s):  
Masato Hagimoto ◽  
Shintaro Miyamoto ◽  
Yuki Kimura ◽  
Haruki Fukai ◽  
Manabu Hashizume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Laser Diode ◽  
High Power

Design of an Offner convex grating radiation calibration light source with a wide dynamic range

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1093
Author(s):  
XU Da ◽  
◽  
YUE Shi-xin ◽  
ZHANG Guo-yu ◽  
SUN Gao-fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range

scholarly journals In-Process Diameter Measurement Technique for Micro-Optical Fiber with Standing Wave Illumination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Michihata ◽  
Zhao Zheng ◽  
Daiki Funaiwa ◽  
Sojiro Murakami ◽  
Shotaro Kadoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Process Measurement ◽  
Air Turbulence ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an in-process measurement method of the diameter of micro-optical fiber such as a tapered optical fiber. The proposed technique is based on analyzing optically scattered light generated by standing wave illumination. The proposed method is significant in that it requires an only limited measurement range and does not require a high dynamic range sensor. These properties are suitable for in-process measurement. This experiment verified that the proposed method could measure a fiber diameter as stable as ± 0.01 μm under an air turbulence environment. As a result of comparing the measured diameter distribution with those by scanning electron microscopy, it was confirmed that the proposed method has a measurement accuracy better than several hundred nanometers.

scholarly journals Expanding Assay Dynamics: A Combined Competitive and Direct Assay System for the Quantification of Proteins in Multiplexed Immunoassays

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 956-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hartmann ◽  
Monika Schrenk ◽  
Anette Döttinger ◽  
Sarah Nagel ◽  
Johan Roeraade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Protein Microarray ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Multiplex Assay ◽  
Competitive System ◽  
Direct Immunoassay ◽  
Sandwich Configuration ◽  
Readout Channel ◽  
Autoantibody Detection ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Abstract Background: The concurrent detection and quantification of analytes that vary widely in concentration present a principal problem in multiplexed assay systems. Combining competitive and sandwich immunoassays permits coverage of a wide concentration range, and both highly abundant molecules and analytes present in low concentration can be quantified within the same assay. Methods: The use of different fluorescence readout channels allows the parallel use of a competitive system and a sandwich configuration. The 2 generated assay signals are combined and used to calculate the amount of analyte. The measurement range can be adjusted by varying the competitor concentration, and an extension of the assay system’s dynamic range is possible. Results: We implemented the method in a planar protein microarray–based autoimmune assay to detect autoantibodies against 13 autoantigens and to measure the concentration of a highly abundant protein, total human IgG, in one assay. Our results for autoantibody detection and IgG quantification agreed with results obtained with commercially available assays. The use of 2 readout channels in the protein microarray–based system reduced spot-to-spot variation and intraassay variation. Conclusions: By combining a direct immunoassay with a competitive system, analytes present in widely varying concentrations can be quantified within a single multiplex assay. Introducing a second readout channel for analyte quantification is an effective tool for spot-to-spot normalization and helps to lower intraassay variation.

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