Experimental Study of Composting Oil Wet Drill Cuttings as a Drilling Waste Disposal Option

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roald Sørheim ◽  
John Eirik Paulsen ◽  
Arild Saasen ◽  
Jérôme Leleux ◽  
Arnaud Albouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Disposal Option ◽  
Fertilization Effect ◽  
Fertilizing Effect

This paper presents the potential of composting oil wet drill cuttings as a drilling waste disposal option. The potential is substantiated by results from several laboratory and field experiments. Artificially oil wetted drill cuttings were prepared by adding commonly used base oils from Norwegian offshore operations to a representative clay. Degradation of the hydrocarbon components in the oily wet cuttings by vermicomposting was successfully accomplished. The composts were beneficially used as part of growing media for landscape plants; ryegrass, coniferous, and deciduous trees, and the fertilization effect was compared with commercial NPK fertilizers. The plant growth studies showed that the composts produced by treating artificial oily drill cuttings by vermicomposting had considerable fertilizing effect on ryegrass and trees.

scholarly journals Arthropod Pests, Plant Diseases and Abiotic Disorders and their Management on Viburnum Species in the Southeastern U.S.: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
Sarah A. White ◽  
Anthony LeBude ◽  
Amy Fulcher ◽  
Nicole Ward Gauthier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Green Industry ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Industry Professionals

The genus Viburnum encompasses a group of about 150 species of evergreen, semi-evergreen or deciduous trees and large shrubs. Viburnums are native to temperate, subtropical and tropical areas of southeastern Asia, eastern North America, Central America, the Caribbean and parts of South America. Native and nonnative Viburnum species have become prominent landscape plants in the southeastern United States due to their beauty, utility, relative ease of maintenance and broad adaptability to the region's climate and soils. Efficient management of viburnum pests to maintain healthy viburnum plants in nurseries and landscape settings is crucial for sustaining the economic competitiveness and profitability of green industry professionals competing in the horticulture marketplace. Diversity of species within the genus, however, is vast, and can contribute to many host-pest complexes that differ among growing environments and cause severe economic or aesthetic losses. Additionally, some abiotic disorders may mimic biotic damage or may render viburnum more susceptible to pests and diseases. This review focuses on viburnum culture in production and landscape settings with an emphasis on major insect and mite pests, plant diseases and abiotic disorders affecting management of Viburnum species in nursery and landscape settings.

Technologies for Safe Handling of Drilling Waste during Well Construction in the Ob Bay

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
A.D. Dzyublo ◽  
◽  
S.О. Borozdin ◽  
E.E. Altukhov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Field Calculation ◽  
Drilling Waste

Development of the Russian oil and gas fields in the Arctic requires ensuring industrial and environmental safety of conduct of the operations. Large and unique oil and gas condensate fields are discovered in the southern part of the Kara Sea. The Kamennomysskoye-Sea, Severo-Kamennomysskoye, Semakovskoye, Parusovoye, etc. gas condensate fields are located in the Ob Bay of the Kara Sea. The raw material base of the Severo-Obskoye gas condensate field, unique in terms of the reserves, will become the basis for future Arctic LNG projects. Based on the published data, the initial recoverable total hydrocarbon resources in the Ob and Taz bays are about seven billion tons. Active exploration and commissioning of the already discovered fields require the large volumes of well drilling in a freezing sea, the presence of permafrost, and gas hydrates. During construction of the wells and operation of the offshore ice-resistant oil and gas production platforms, it is required to ensure the disposal of drilling waste (cuttings) and domestic water. There are two technologies for waste disposal — injection into the reservoir or into the clay formations. The first one is used in onshore fields, the second one — on the shelf. Injection into a clay reservoir is successfully used in the Lunskoye gas field on the shelf of the Sakhalin island, and on the Prirazlomnoye oil field in the Pechora Sea. The possibility of using the method and the selection of a reservoir for injecting waste into it requires a geological justification, and the reservoir should ensure a stable injectivity of the required volume. The article presents the results of modeling the injection into the formation of drilling waste, and the waste of the household activities for the Kamennomysskoe-Sea gas condensate field. Calculation was made concerning the zone of absorption of the technological waste into the designed well of the offshore ice-resistant stationary platform. Formation allocation for waste injection was made according to the data of a complex of offshore wells geophysical studies. Three packs of sandy-argillaceous rocks with high reservoir properties were selected as the object of industrial waste disposal. Сalculation was carried out related to the radius of the spread of waste (effluent) in the target reservoir considering drilling and operation of twenty five wells, the construction of which is planned for five years. The results of modeling the process of pumping industrial waste of various types into an absorption well showed that the planned volumes can be successfully disposed of in the selected objects. This will allow to ensure functioning of the marine industry and its environmental safety.

Sensitivity of global gross primary production to elevated CO2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjia Cai ◽  
Iain Colin Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Light Response ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Fertilization Effect ◽  
Vegetation Models ◽  
The Impact

<p>Terrestrial ecosystems have accounted for more than half of the global carbon sink during the past decades and offset 25%-30% of current anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The projected increase in CO<sub>2</sub> concentration will depend on the magnitude of terrestrial plants’ feedback to CO<sub>2</sub>: i.e. the sensitivity of plant carbon uptake in response to elevated CO<sub>2</sub>, and the strength of the CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization effect (CFE) in a changing (and warming) environment. Projecting vegetation responses to future increases in CO<sub>2</sub> concentration under climate change is a major uncertainty, as ecosystem models, field experiments and satellite-based models show large disagreements. In this study, using a recently developed, parameter-sparse model (the ‘P model’), we assess the sensitivity of GPP to increasing CO<sub>2</sub> under idealized conditions, in comparison with other vegetation models and field experiments. We investigate the impact of two central parameters, the ratio of J<sub>max </sub>to V<sub>cmax</sub> (at a common temperature) and the curvature of the light response curve, on the sensitivity of GPP to CO<sub>2</sub>. We also quantified the spatial-temporal trend of CFE using the β factor, defined as the percentage increase in GPP in response to a 100-ppm increase in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration over a defined period. We show how modelled β has changed over the satellite era, and infer the possible effect of climatic variables on changes of CFE from spatial patterns of the modelled trend in β.</p>

Effect of lignite humic acid on soil nutrient availability at different growth stages of rice grown on Vertisols and Alfisols

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nandakumar ◽  
A. Saravanan ◽  
P. Singaram ◽  
B. Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Soil Nutrient Availability ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Application

Field experiments were conducted with rice (ADT-39) during the wet Kharif season (July- October 2001) at two locations, the Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute (TRRI) farm, Aduthurai (Vertisol) and the Agricultural Research Station (ARS) farm, Pattukkottai (Alfisol), representing the old and new delta areas of the Cauvery, respectively. The same set of treatments was followed in both soils. The treatments consisted of the recommended NPK fertilizer application at 75% and 100% alone, and 10 or 20 kg ha-1 humic acid (HA) in combination with NPK fertilizers as soil application, besides an integrated method involving soil application, root dipping and foliar spraying with humic acid and NPK fertilizers. initial soil samples from the experimental fields were analysed for physical, physico-chemical and chemical properties. Surface soil samples were collected at critical growth stages and analysed for various available nutrients. The results of the field experiments revealed that the application of humic acid along with inorganic fertilizers led to higher soil nutrient availability at all the growth stages of rice. Similar results were obtained in both Vertisol and Alfisol. The present investigation concluded that the best treatment for soil nutrient availability was 10 kg ha-1 HA (soil application) + 0.1% HA foliar spray (twice) + 0.3% HA root dipping + 100% NPK, which was on par with the treatment involving 20 kg ha-1 HA (soil application) + 100% NPK compared to the other treatments.

Scientific basis for the role of the oceans as a waste disposal option

Marine Policy ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Susan Peterson ◽  
John Teal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Disposal Option

The Effect of Drilling Waste on Water Resources - The Elemental Composition of Waste

2017 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
pp. 338-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Sergeevna Mishunina ◽  
Alena Andreevna Mekh ◽  
Egor Grigorevich Yazikov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Drilling Waste ◽  
Oil And Gas Wells ◽  
Tomsk Region

In order to maintain the volume of oil and gas supplies, the number of oil and gas wells increases every year, drilling platforms are built, which proportionally increases the amount of sludge and drilling waste mud, which must be recycled. The research gives light to the danger of introducing chemical substances into various natural environments from industrial and anthropogenic sources on an example of drill cuttings from oil fields of Tomsk region.

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