Anodic Behavior of Specimens Prepared From a Full-Diameter Alloy 22 Fabricated Mockup Container for Nuclear Waste

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-736
Author(s):  
John C. Estill ◽  
Raul B. Rebak
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Anodic Behavior ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Annealed Condition ◽  
Alloy 22

Alloy 22 (N06022) has been extensively tested for general and localized corrosion behavior both in the wrought annealed condition and in the as-welded condition. In general, the specimens for laboratory testing are mostly prepared from flat plates of material. It is important to determine if the process of fabricating a container will affect the corrosion performance of this alloy. Thus, specimens for corrosion testing were prepared directly from a fabricated full-diameter Alloy 22 container. Results show that both the anodic corrosion behavior and the localized corrosion resistance of specimens prepared from a welded container were the same as those from flat welded plates.

scholarly journals Anodic Behavior of Specimens Prepared From a Full-Diameter Alloy 22 Fabricated Container for Nuclear Waste

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. King ◽  
John C. Estill ◽  
Rau´l B. Rebak
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Anodic Behavior ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Annealed Condition ◽  
Alloy 22

Alloy 22 (N06022) has been extensively tested for general and localized corrosion behavior both in the wrought and annealed condition and in the as-welded condition. The specimens for testing were mostly prepared from flat plates of material. It was important to determine if the process of fabricating a full diameter Alloy 22 container will affect the corrosion performance of the alloy. Specimens were prepared directly from a fabricated container and tested for corrosion resistance. Results show that both the anodic corrosion behavior and the localized corrosion resistance of specimens prepared from a welded fabricated container was the same as from flat welded plates.

General Corrosion Behavior of N06022 in Super Concentrated Brines at Temperatures Higher than 100°C

2008 ◽  
Vol 1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul B. Rebak
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Alloy 22 ◽  
Nickel Based Alloy ◽  
Anions And Cations

AbstractAlloy 22 (N06022) is a highly corrosion resistant nickel based alloy. Extensive research has been conducted in the last eight years on the corrosion behavior of Alloy 22, mainly regarding its resistance to localized corrosion. Less attention has been paid to the general corrosion resistance in highly concentrated brines that may result from the deliquescence of salts contained in dust. Salts such as mixtures of NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, NaNO3, and KNO3 may deliquesce at temperatures above 100°C through absorption of moisture from the air. Electrochemical tests were used to assess the general corrosion behavior of Alloy 22 in brines with chloride and nitrate concentrations ranging from 8 molal to 100 molal in the temperature range 100 to 160°C. The effect of mixed anions and cations was also studied. Results show that, even for short-term immersion periods, the corrosion rate of Alloy 22 in high temperatures super concentrated brines is generally below 10 μm/year.

scholarly journals Assessment of nickel titanium and beta titanium corrosion resistance behavior in fluoride and chloride environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 864-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa J. Kassab ◽  
José Ponciano Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Galvanic Coupling ◽  
Beta Titanium

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the influence of fluoride concentration on the corrosion behavior of nickel titanium (NiTi) superelastic wire and to compare the corrosion resistance of NiTi with that of beta titanium alloy in physiological solution with and without addition of fluoride. Materials and Methods: NiTi corrosion resistance was investigated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and anodic polarization in sodium chloride (NaCl 0.15 M) with and without addition of 0.02 M sodium fluoride (NaF), and the results were compared with those associated with beta titanium. The influence of fluoride concentration on NiTi corrosion behavior was assessed in NaCl (0.15 M) with and without 0.02, 0.04, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.12 M NaF solution. Galvanic corrosion between NiTi and beta titanium were investigated. All samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Polarization resistance decreased when NaF concentration was increased, and, depending on NaF concentration, NiTi can suffer localized or generalized corrosion. In NaCl solution with 0.02 M NaF, NiTi suffer localized corrosion, while beta titanium alloys remained passive. Current values near zero were observed by galvanic coupling of NiTi and beta titanium. Conclusions: There is a decrease in NiTi corrosion resistance in the presence of fluoride. The corrosion behavior of NiTi alloy depends on fluoride concentration. When 0.02 and 0.04 M of NaF were added to the NaCl solution, NiTi presented localized corrosion. When NaF concentration increased to 0.05, 0.07, and 0.12 M, the alloy presented general corrosion. NiTi corrosion resistance behavior is lower than that of beta titanium. Galvanic coupling of these alloys does not increase corrosion rates.

Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Alloy 22 in Chloride Solutions: Part 1—Mill-Annealed Condition

CORROSION ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1078-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Dunn ◽  
Y-M. Pan ◽  
L. Yang ◽  
G. A. Cragnolino
Keyword(s):  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Annealed Condition ◽  
Chloride Solutions ◽  
Alloy 22 ◽  
Corrosion Susceptibility

scholarly journals Electrochemical Anodizing Treatment to Enhance Localized Corrosion Resistance of Pure Titanium

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Prando ◽  
Andrea Brenna ◽  
Fabio M. Bolzoni ◽  
Maria V. Diamanti ◽  
Mariapia Pedeferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Anodic Current Density ◽  
Anodic Current ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Pitting Potential

Background Titanium has outstanding corrosion resistance due to the thin protective oxide layer that is formed on its surface. Nevertheless, in harsh and severe environments, pure titanium may suffer localized corrosion. In those conditions, costly titanium alloys containing palladium, nickel and molybdenum are used. This purpose investigated how it is possible to control corrosion, at lower cost, by electrochemical surface treatment on pure titanium, increasing the thickness of the natural oxide layer. Methods Anodic oxidation was performed on titanium by immersion in H2SO4 solution and applying voltages ranging from 10 to 80 V. Different anodic current densities were considered. Potentiodynamic tests in chloride- and fluoride-containing solutions were carried out on anodized titanium to determine the pitting potential. Results All tested anodizing treatments increased corrosion resistance of pure titanium, but never reached the performance of titanium alloys. The best corrosion behavior was obtained on titanium anodized at voltages lower than 40 V at 20 mA/cm2. Conclusions Titanium samples anodized at low cell voltage were seen to give high corrosion resistance in chloride- and fluoride-containing solutions. Electrolyte bath and anodic current density have little effect on the corrosion behavior.

Improvement of corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys for biomedical applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 101-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Jianwei Dai ◽  
Xiaobo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Mg Alloys ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Biodegradable Implants ◽  
Ordered Structure ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Treatment Techniques

AbstractIn recent years, magnesium (Mg) alloys have attracted great attention due to superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other characteristics important for use in biodegradable implants. However, the development of Mg alloys for clinical application continues to be hindered by high corrosion rates and localized corrosion modes, both of which are detrimental to the mechanical integrity of a load-bearing temporary implant. To overcome these challenges, technologies have been developed to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, among which surface treatment is the most common way to enhance not only the corrosion resistance, but also the bioactivity of biodegradable Mg alloys. Nevertheless, surface treatments are unable to fundamentally solve the problems of fast corrosion rate and localized corrosion. Therefore, it is of great importance to alter and improve the intrinsic corrosion behavior of Mg alloys for biomedical applications. To show the significance of the intrinsic corrosion resistance of biodegradable Mg alloys and attract much attention on this issue, this article presents a review of the improvements made to enhance intrinsic corrosion resistance of Mg alloys in recent years through the design and preparation of the Mg alloys, including purifying, alloying, grain refinement, and heat treatment techniques. The influence of long-period stacking-ordered structure on corrosion behavior of the biodegradable Mg alloys is also discussed.

Electrochemical Behavior of Alloy 22 in 5 M CaCl2

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Ilevbare
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Alloy 22 ◽  
High Chloride

The corrosion resistance of Alloy 22 (UNS No. N06022) was studied in 5 M CaCl2 electrolyte at various temperatures. Potentiodynamic polarization was used to examine the electrochemical behavior and measure the key potentials. Alloy 22 was found to be susceptible to localized corrosion in this high-chloride [10 M Cl−] environment at temperatures as low as 60°C.

Investigation on corrosion performance of multilayer Ni-P/TiO2 composite coating on steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
M. Edwin Sahayaraj ◽  
J.T. Winowlin Jappes ◽  
I. Siva ◽  
N. Rajini
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Multilayer Coating ◽  
Electroless Nickel ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Electroless Ni

AbstractElectroless nickel coating treatment improves the corrosion resistance of mild steel. This work aims at studying the corrosion behavior of electroless Ni-P/TiO2 composite and multilayer coatings applied to the mild steel substrate as their as-plated state and furnace annealed at various temperatures and compared both the coatings’ corrosion performance. The corrosion behavior of the deposits was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization studies in 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the multilayer coating was two times higher compared to the composite coatings. Further, the corrosion mechanism was discussed in terms of microstructure, phase transformation, grain size, and microstrain.

Anodic Behavior of Alloy 22 in High Nitrate Brines at Temperatures Higher Than 100°C

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel O. Ilevbare ◽  
Robert A. Etien ◽  
John C. Estill ◽  
Gary A. Hust ◽  
Ahmet Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Anodic Behavior ◽  
Chloride Solutions ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Alloy 22 ◽  
High Chloride

Alloy 22 (N06022) may be susceptible to crevice corrosion in chloride solutions. Nitrate acts as an inhibitor to crevice corrosion. Several papers have been published regarding the effect of nitrate on the corrosion resistance of Alloy 22 at temperatures 100°C and lower. However, very little is known about the behavior of this alloy in highly concentrated brines at temperatures above 100°C. In the current work, electrochemical tests have been carried out to explore the anodic behavior of Alloy 22 in high chloride high nitrate electrolytes at temperatures as high as 160°C at ambient atmospheres. Even though Alloy 22 may adopt corrosion potentials in the order of +0.5 V (in the saturated silver chloride scale), it does not suffer crevice corrosion if there is high nitrate in the solution. That is, the inhibitive effect of nitrate on crevice corrosion is active for temperatures higher than 100°C.

scholarly journals The Proposed Yucca Mountain Repository from a Corrosion Perspective

2006 ◽  
Vol 932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe H. Payer
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Yucca Mountain ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Waste Package ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the proposed Yucca Mountain Repository is viewed from a corrosion perspective. A major component of the long-term strategy for safe disposal of nuclear waste at the Yucca Mountain Repository is first to completely isolate the radionuclides in the waste packages for long times and to greatly retard the egress and transport of radionuclides from penetrated packages. Therefore, long-lived waste packages are important. The corrosion resistance of the waste package outer canister is reviewed, and a framework for the analysis of localized corrosion processes is presented. An overview is presented of the Materials Performance targeted thrust of the U.S. Department of Energy/Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management's Office of Science and Technology and International. The thrust program strives for increased scientific understanding, enhanced process models and advanced technologies for corrosion control.

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