scholarly journals An Analysis of Sketching Skill and Its Role in Early Stage Engineering Design

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Yang ◽  
Jorge G. Cham
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Design Cognition ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Project Outcome ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Positive Correlations

Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of sketching in design cognition, particularly in the early stages of engineering design. The goal of this preliminary study is to consider the role of a designer’s sketching ability and to examine the potential link between sketching skill and measures of engineering design performance. Sketching ability was evaluated on three distinct aspects relevant to engineering design: visual recall, rendering, and novel visualization. These evaluations were correlated with each other and with measures for sketch fluency, reviewer ranking, and design project outcome. The results of this study suggest that sketching skill is not comprehensive nor is it solely task based. Rather, a designer’s sketching ability lies between these two poles. Positive correlations were found between the quantity of sketches produced and two of the sketching skills that emphasize drawing facility, but a negative correlation was found between sketch quantity and a skill related to mechanism visualization. No conclusive correlations were found between the sketching skills and design outcome and reviewer ranking. This study's findings suggest an important interplay between a designer's ability to sketch and their ability to visualize in their heads or through prototypes. Results also suggest that designers who are given sketch instruction tended to draw more overall.

scholarly journals Does Sketching Skill Relate to Good Design?

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge G. Cham ◽  
Maria C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Design Cognition ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Generic Skill ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Preliminary Study

Sketching is an activity that takes place throughout the engineering design process, and is often linked to design cognition. This preliminary study identifies different skills that contribute to a designer’s sketching ability and explores how those skills might be related to sketch fluency and design outcome. A positive correlation was found between the quantity of sketches produced and sketch skills that emphasize drawing facility, but a negative correlation was found between sketch quantity and a skill related to mechanism visualization. Sketching is sometimes considered a generic skill, but this study suggests that there are differences among the different types of sketching skills in the context of engineering design. No notable relationship was found between sketching ability and design outcome. Results also suggest that students provided with explicit instruction in sketching tended to draw more overall, although there are likely many other factors involved.

Correlates and Mediators of Dissociation: Towards a Transtheoretical Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 027623662095628
Author(s):  
Damla E. Aksen ◽  
Craig Polizzi ◽  
Steven Jay Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Bidirectional Relations ◽  
Mediational Role

We evaluated variables important to understanding dissociation ( N = 379 undergraduates). We investigated: (a) the correlations among dissociation and impulsivity, alexithymia, mindfulness, negative affect, neuroticism, sleep disturbances, and emotion dysregulation; (b) unique variance of these variables in statistically predicting dissociation scores; and (c) the statistical mediational role of emotion dysregulation and sleep in explaining dissociation. We found significant positive correlations between dissociation and emotion dysregulation, sleep, alexithymia, negative affect, impulsivity, and neuroticism as well as a significant negative correlation between mindfulness and dissociation, consistent with Lynn et al . Sleep, impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and negative affect uniquely related to and explained significant variance in dissociation, in order from most to least variance accounted for. Sleep partially mediated the relation between emotion dysregulation and dissociation and the relation between impulsivity and dissociation. Emotion dysregulation partially mediated the relation between sleep and dissociation and the relation between impulsivity and dissociation. Additional findings provided support for bidirectional relations between sleep experiences and dissociation and emotion dysregulation and dissociation.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE LABORATORY IN DESIGN ENGINEERING EDUCATION

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Surgenor ◽  
Kevin Firth
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Engineering Design Education

This paper discusses the role of the laboratory in engineering design education, and specifically, how laboratories can be used to help meet elements of the CEAB requirements for engineering design and in doing so, complement the objectives of design project courses. Examples are taken from two courses offered at Queen’s University: 1) automatic control systems and 2) mechatronics engineering.

Teaching Tools for Teachers: An Engineering Design Project to Enhance Science and Mathematics Education for Middle/High School Students

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Nagchaudhuri ◽  
Harold M. Conway
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Engineering Mechanics ◽  
And Mathematics

Abstract With the approach of the new millennium and the emergence of the global market, significant restructuring of university education in general, and science and engineering education in particular, is taking place with the objective of preparing the students for the new social and economic order. The paradigm shift and emerging trends in engineering education demand a holistic integration of “soft” and “technical” skills. There is also an emphasis on “educational outcomes” as evidenced by student design projects and other outcome evaluation criteria. “Service-Learning”, an approach that endeavors to integrate “community service” and “student learning” has found wide acceptance in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Implemented in a novel and creative fashion, it may well provide an effective pedagogical tool consistent with the new paradigm of engineering education. The design project described in this paper integrates both “Service-Learning” and “Design Project” requirements in the first course in “Engineering Mechanics” offered at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES), Engineering Program. One of the desired “outcomes” of the course is that the student not only understands the theory as discussed in class but also learns to apply the knowledge to develop and design engineering products useful for the society. The project demonstrates the development of a device that visually reinforces concepts related to Newton’s laws of motion and mechanical advantage in simple machines (lever arms, pulley systems, and springs), in consultation with a science and mathematics teacher in a local high school. In the future, the device will be utilized in the school and benefit education efforts not only at the high school level but also in the elementary and middle schools. It is anticipated that it will also help introduce the field of Engineering to school students. During the implementation of the project, other learning outcomes were accomplished in concert with the demonstration of application of engineering mechanics and providing service to the community. The student has reflected that the project has helped him in realizing the “role” of the customer in engineering design, developing a clear perception of constraints in space, time and budget in implementing projects, and improving communication skills. It has also given him a better appreciation of the role of engineering in society and helped his inner growth as an individual and a citizen.

Suva Residents’ Views on Cancer, Diabetes and HIV in The Fiji Times

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzana Gounder
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Medical Responsibility ◽  
Grassroots Support ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
Situated Approach ◽  
Significant Health

The burden of preventable diseases is increasing in the South Pacific Island Countries and Territories. In Fiji, significant media attention and national finances are spent on public dissemination of the modifiable risk factors of chronic illnesses. However, little is known about lay societal perceptions of chronic illnesses and of people living with these illnesses. This preliminary study takes an area-situated approach to lay knowledge and examines Suva residents’ moral evaluations associated with socially significant health concerns in Fiji. Using the case studies of HIV, cancer, and diabetes, the research employs content analysis to examine 144 Suva residents’ Letters to the Editor, published between 2000 and 2019 in The Fiji Times. The findings indicate that letter writers on chronic illnesses are power sensitive, interested in governmental responsibility, and aware of the role of stigma in creating inequitable health outcomes. The study’s findings locate chronic illness as not only a medical responsibility but also a social justice and human rights concern that requires a multisectoral approach, with community-tailored responses at the heart of all discussions. The lay-societal recognition of the three illnesses as being socially relevant suggests grassroots support for policies directed towards structural reforms for the prevention and management of these illnesses.

MODELING AN ABBREVIATED PRODUCT DESIGN CYCLE IN A FIRST-YEAR ENGINEERING DESIGN COURSE

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Kristine Sheridan ◽  
Jason A Foster ◽  
Geoffrey S Frost
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Project ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Praxis Ii ◽  
Engineering Communication ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Praxis I ◽  
Design Experience

All Engineering Science students at the University of Toronto take the cornerstone Praxis Sequence of engineering design courses. In the first course in the sequence, Praxis I, students practice three types of engineering design across three distinct design projects. Previously the final design project had the students first frame and then develop conceptual design solutions for a self-identified challenge. While this project succeeded in providing an appropriate foundational design experience, it failed to fully prepare students for the more complex design experience in Praxis II. The project also failed to ingrain the need for clear and concise engineering communication, and the students’ lack of understanding of detail design inhibited their ability to make practical and realistic design decisions. A revised Product Design project in Praxis I was designed with the primary aims of: (a) pushing students beyond the conceptual design phase of the design process, and (b) simulating a real-world work environment by: (i) increasing the interdependence between student teams and (ii) increasing the students’ perceived value of engineering communication.

COVID-19 and Comorbidities: is Inflammation the Underlying Condition in Children? A narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Pinna ◽  
Lavinia Sanfilippo ◽  
Pier Paolo Bassareo ◽  
Vassilios Fanos ◽  
Maria Antonietta Marcialis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Underlying Condition ◽  
Pathogenic Mechanisms ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Potential Link

: This paper examines the potential link between COVID-19 and the presence of comorbidities and assesses the role of inflammation in this correlation. In COVID-19 patients, the most frequently associated diseases share a pathogenic inflammatory basis and apparently act as a risk factor in the onset of a more severe form of the disease, particularly in adulthood. However, in children, the understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms is often complicated by the milder symptoms presented. A series of theories have therefore been put forward with a view of providing a better understanding of the role played by inflammation in this dramatic setting. All evidence available to date on this topic is discussed in this review.

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